IELTS のための語彙 (アカデミック) - Biology

the scientific study of living organisms; the science that studies living organisms

生物学

(biology) a person who studies the science that deals with living organisms

生物学者

(biology) a series of transformations and events that happen in an animal or plant's lifetime

サイクル, 生物学的サイクル

to separate people or things into two or more groups, parts, etc.

分ける, 分割する

(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

細菌, バクテリア

an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

細胞

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

DNA, 脱酸核酸

relating to the science that explores living organisms and their functions

生物学的

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

進化

(biology) to change gradually and over generations into forms that are better adapted to the environment and fitter to survive

進化する, 発展する

(of diseases) passed on from one's parents

遺伝的, 遺伝の

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

遺伝子, 遺伝的遺伝子

the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes

遺伝学

a small living organism that causes disease or infection

細菌, 微生物

each of a group of long thread-like structures in the body that carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body, sensing things is a result of this process

神経

a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own

生物

a group that animals, plants, etc. of the same type which are capable of producing healthy offspring with each other are divided into

種, スペシーズ

(of an animal, person, or plant) able to produce offspring, fruit, or seed

肥沃な, 繁殖可能な

(biology) a change in the structure of the genes of an individual that causes them to develop different physical features

突然変異, 遺伝子の変化

relating to a carbon-based compound that has a biological origin

有機の, 有機化合物に関する

the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use

代謝

(of a living being) to produce offspring or more of itself

繁殖する, 再生産する

(biology) a small organism that lives on or inside another organism, called a host, and is dependent on it for nutrition and growth

寄生虫

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

組織, 筋肉組織

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

抗体, 免疫体

(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome

優性の, ドミナント

the science or process of deliberately modifying the features of a living organism by changing its genetic information

遺伝子工学

belonging to the sex that cannot give birth to babies or lay eggs but is capable of fertilization of the opposite sex

オスの, 男性の

belonging to the sex that is fertilized by the opposite sex and can lay eggs or give birth to babies

雌の, 女性の

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis

RNA

a microscopic agent that causes disease in people, animals, and plants

ウイルス