Słownictwo do IELTS (Akademickie) - Biology

the scientific study of living organisms; the science that studies living organisms

biologia

(biology) a person who studies the science that deals with living organisms

biolog

(biology) a series of transformations and events that happen in an animal or plant's lifetime

cykl, cykl biologiczny

to separate people or things into two or more groups, parts, etc.

dzielić, rozdzielać

(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

bakterie, bakteria

an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

komórka

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

DNA, kwas deoksyrybonukleinowy

relating to the science that explores living organisms and their functions

biologiczny

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

ewolucja

(biology) to change gradually and over generations into forms that are better adapted to the environment and fitter to survive

ewoluować, rozwijać

(of diseases) passed on from one's parents

genetyczny, dziedziczny

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

gen, gen dziedziczny

the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes

genetyka

a small living organism that causes disease or infection

zarazek, mikrob

each of a group of long thread-like structures in the body that carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body, sensing things is a result of this process

nerw

a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own

organizm

a group that animals, plants, etc. of the same type which are capable of producing healthy offspring with each other are divided into

gatunek, rodzaj

(of an animal, person, or plant) able to produce offspring, fruit, or seed

żyzny, płodny

(biology) a change in the structure of the genes of an individual that causes them to develop different physical features

mutacja, zmiana genetyczna

relating to a carbon-based compound that has a biological origin

organiczny, dotyczący związków organicznych

the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use

metabolizm

(of a living being) to produce offspring or more of itself

rozmnażać się, reprodukować

(biology) a small organism that lives on or inside another organism, called a host, and is dependent on it for nutrition and growth

pasożyt

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

tkanka, tkanka mięśniowa

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

przeciwciało, białko immunologiczne

(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome

dominujący, przeważający

the science or process of deliberately modifying the features of a living organism by changing its genetic information

inżynieria genetyczna

belonging to the sex that cannot give birth to babies or lay eggs but is capable of fertilization of the opposite sex

samczyk, męski

belonging to the sex that is fertilized by the opposite sex and can lay eggs or give birth to babies

żeńska, samiczy

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis

RNA

a microscopic agent that causes disease in people, animals, and plants

wirus