雅思词汇（学术） - Biology

the scientific study of living organisms; the science that studies living organisms

生物学

(biology) a person who studies the science that deals with living organisms

生物学家

(biology) a series of transformations and events that happen in an animal or plant's lifetime

循环, 生物循环

to separate people or things into two or more groups, parts, etc.

划分, 分开

(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

细菌, 菌细胞

an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

细胞

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

DNA, 脱氧核糖核酸

relating to the science that explores living organisms and their functions

生物的

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

进化

(biology) to change gradually and over generations into forms that are better adapted to the environment and fitter to survive

进化, 演变

(of diseases) passed on from one's parents

遗传的, 基因的

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

基因, 遗传基因

the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes

遗传学

a small living organism that causes disease or infection

细菌, 微生物

each of a group of long thread-like structures in the body that carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body, sensing things is a result of this process

神经

a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own

生物

a group that animals, plants, etc. of the same type which are capable of producing healthy offspring with each other are divided into

物种, 种类

(of an animal, person, or plant) able to produce offspring, fruit, or seed

肥沃的, 丰饶的

(biology) a change in the structure of the genes of an individual that causes them to develop different physical features

突变, 基因变化

relating to a carbon-based compound that has a biological origin

有机的, 与有机化合物相关的

the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use

新陈代谢

(of a living being) to produce offspring or more of itself

繁殖, 再生

(biology) a small organism that lives on or inside another organism, called a host, and is dependent on it for nutrition and growth

寄生虫

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

组织, 肌肉组织

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

抗体, 免疫蛋白

(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome

显性, 主导的

the science or process of deliberately modifying the features of a living organism by changing its genetic information

基因工程

belonging to the sex that cannot give birth to babies or lay eggs but is capable of fertilization of the opposite sex

雄性, 男性

belonging to the sex that is fertilized by the opposite sex and can lay eggs or give birth to babies

雌性（的）, 女性（的）

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis

RNA

a microscopic agent that causes disease in people, animals, and plants

病毒