Vocabulary for IELTS (Academic) - Biology

Here you will learn some English words about biology, such as "cycle", "gene", "fertile", etc. that are needed for the IELTS exam.

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biology [noun]

the scientific study of living organisms; the science that studies living organisms

Ex: His biology professor was renowned for research in genetic engineering .

biologist [noun]

(biology) a person who studies the science that deals with living organisms

Ex: The biologist presented her findings on the impact of climate change on local plant species at the conference .

cycle [noun]

(biology) a series of transformations and events that happen in an animal or plant's lifetime

Ex: The cell cycle is the process by which cells grow and divide .

to divide [verb]

to separate people or things into two or more groups, parts, etc.

Ex: Right now , the referee is dividing the teams before the soccer match .

bacteria [noun]

(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

Ex: Yogurt contains beneficial bacteria that aid in digestion .

cell [noun]

an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

Ex: The discovery of cells and the development of cell theory by scientists such as Robert Hooke and Theodor Schwann revolutionized our understanding of living organisms .

DNA [noun]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

Ex: DNA carries the information that determines traits like eye color and height .

biological [adjective]

relating to the science that explores living organisms and their functions

Ex: The biological classification system categorizes organisms into various groups based on their characteristics .

evolution [noun]

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

Ex: The study of evolution helps scientists understand the diversity of life on Earth and how organisms are interconnected through common ancestry .

to evolve [verb]

(biology) to change gradually and over generations into forms that are better adapted to the environment and fitter to survive

Ex: Bacteria exposed to antibiotics have evolved through genetic mutations .

genetic [adjective]

(of diseases) passed on from one's parents

gene [noun]

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

Ex:

genetics [noun]

the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes

Ex: The field of genetics continues to evolve with new technologies and discoveries .

germ [noun]

a small living organism that causes disease or infection

nerve [noun]

each of a group of long thread-like structures in the body that carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body, sensing things is a result of this process

organism [noun]

a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own

Ex: The rainforest teems with diverse organisms , from insects to mammals .

species [noun]

a group that animals, plants, etc. of the same type which are capable of producing healthy offspring with each other are divided into

Ex: The red wolf is a species of wolf that is native to the southeastern United States .

fertile [adjective]

(of an animal, person, or plant) able to produce offspring, fruit, or seed

Ex: The fertile soil allowed the farmers to grow a variety of crops .

mutation [noun]

(biology) a change in the structure of the genes of an individual that causes them to develop different physical features

Ex: Due to a mutation in his genes , the child was born with blue eyes , even though both parents had brown eyes .

organic [adjective]

relating to a carbon-based compound that has a biological origin

Ex: Organic matter in soil contributes to its fertility and supports plant growth .

metabolism [noun]

the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use

Ex: The thyroid gland plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism by producing hormones that control metabolic rate .

to reproduce [verb]

(of a living being) to produce offspring or more of itself

Ex: Humans reproduce through sexual reproduction , leading to the birth of babies .

parasite [noun]

(biology) a small organism that lives on or inside another organism, called a host, and is dependent on it for nutrition and growth

Ex: Malaria is caused by a parasite called Plasmodium , which is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito .

tissue [noun]

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

Ex:

antibody [noun]

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

Ex: Antibody tests find antibodies in your blood , showing past infections or vaccinations .

dominant [adjective]

(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome

Ex:

genetic engineering [noun]

the science or process of deliberately modifying the features of a living organism by changing its genetic information

Ex: Advances in genetic engineering techniques , such as CRISPR-Cas9 , have revolutionized the field by allowing precise editing of DNA sequences .

male [adjective]

belonging to the sex that cannot give birth to babies or lay eggs but is capable of fertilization of the opposite sex

Ex: Tim admired the male deer 's antlers , which signified his dominance during mating season .

female [adjective]

belonging to the sex that is fertilized by the opposite sex and can lay eggs or give birth to babies

Ex: Sarah admired the female peacock 's subtle beauty as she watched it perched in the garden .

RNA [noun]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis

Ex: Viruses like SARS-CoV-2 use RNA as their genetic material .

virus [noun]

a microscopic agent that causes disease in people, animals, and plants

Ex: The doctor said it was a virus , so antibiotics would n't help .

Vocabulary for IELTS (Academic)
Architecture	Medicine	Crime and Punishment	The Law
Politics	Religion	Society	Emigration
War	Computer	Geography	Biology
Engineering	Conducting Research	Physics	Mathematics and Statistics
History	Graphs and Figures	Information Technology	Chemistry
Energy and Fuel	Economics	Psychology	Global Issues
Problematic Words	Collective Nouns	Talking about Trends	Equality
Feminism	Marketing