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Vocabulary for IELTS (Academic) - Biology

Here you will learn some English words about biology, such as "cycle", "gene", "fertile", etc. that are needed for the IELTS exam.

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Words for Academic IELTS
biology
[noun]

the scientific study of living organisms; the science that studies living organisms

Ex: Understanding biology is crucial for addressing environmental and health-related challenges .
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biologist
[noun]

(biology) a person who studies the science that deals with living organisms

Ex: The biologist worked in the lab to conduct experiments on how certain bacteria affect the human immune system .
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cycle
[noun]

(biology) a series of transformations and events that happen in an animal or plant's lifetime

Ex: The butterfly’s life cycle includes stages from egg to caterpillar to adult.
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to divide
[Verb]

to separate people or things into two or more groups, parts, etc.

Ex: The politician ’s speech divided public opinion on the issue .
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bacteria
[noun]

(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

Ex: Proper handwashing helps prevent the spread of bacteria and viruses .
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cell
[noun]

an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

Ex: Cells are the building blocks of life , with each one containing a complex system of organelles and molecules .
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DNA
[noun]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

Ex: DNA contains the instructions for building proteins in the body .
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biological
[Adjective]

relating to the science that explores living organisms and their functions

Ex: The study of anatomy and physiology is a fundamental aspect of biological science.
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evolution
[noun]

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

Ex: Evolution has led to the incredible diversity of plants and animals we see on Earth today.
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to evolve
[Verb]

(biology) to change gradually and over generations into forms that are better adapted to the environment and fitter to survive

Ex: Humans have evolved from ape-like ancestors , gradually developing upright posture , larger brains , and sophisticated tool use .
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genetic
[Adjective]

(of diseases) passed on from one's parents

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gene
[noun]

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

Ex: The study revealed that some genes could influence intelligence .
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genetics
[noun]

the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes

Ex: Modern techniques in genetics allow for the editing of genes in living organisms .
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germ
[noun]

a small living organism that causes disease or infection

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nerve
[noun]

each of a group of long thread-like structures in the body that carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body, sensing things is a result of this process

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organism
[noun]

a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own

Ex: A single-celled organism, such as an amoeba , can exhibit complex behaviors .
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species
[noun]

a group that animals, plants, etc. of the same type which are capable of producing healthy offspring with each other are divided into

Ex: The monarch butterfly is a species of butterfly that migrates thousands of miles each year .
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fertile
[Adjective]

(of an animal, person, or plant) able to produce offspring, fruit, or seed

Ex: The fertile soil allowed the farmers to grow a variety of crops .
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mutation
[noun]

(biology) a change in the structure of the genes of an individual that causes them to develop different physical features

Ex: Due to a mutation in his genes , the child was born with blue eyes , even though both parents had brown eyes .
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organic
[Adjective]

relating to a carbon-based compound that has a biological origin

Ex: Organic synthesis involves the creation of complex carbon-based molecules for pharmaceutical and materials science applications .
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the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use

Ex: Metabolism slows down with age, leading to changes in energy levels and body composition.
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(of a living being) to produce offspring or more of itself

Ex: Certain species reproduce asexually , without the need for a mate .
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parasite
[noun]

(biology) a small organism that lives on or inside another organism, called a host, and is dependent on it for nutrition and growth

Ex: The relationship between the host and the parasite is often detrimental to the host , as the parasite exploits its resources for survival and reproduction .
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tissue
[noun]

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

Ex: Adipose tissue , commonly known as fat tissue, stores energy and cushions organs in the body .
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antibody
[noun]

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

Ex: Drugs that weaken your immune system can lower antibody levels .
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dominant
[Adjective]

(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome

Ex: The dominant gene responsible for dimples appears in many family members.
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the science or process of deliberately modifying the features of a living organism by changing its genetic information

Ex: Genetic engineering in medicine has led to the development of personalized therapies that target specific genetic mutations in patients .
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male
[Adjective]

belonging to the sex that cannot give birth to babies or lay eggs but is capable of fertilization of the opposite sex

Ex: The male elephant 's tusks and larger size were indicative of his maturity and dominance within the herd .
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female
[Adjective]

belonging to the sex that is fertilized by the opposite sex and can lay eggs or give birth to babies

Ex: Tim marveled at the female monarch butterfly 's delicate wings as it fluttered among the flowers .
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RNA
[noun]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis

Ex: Scientists edited the RNA to correct a cellular malfunction .
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virus
[noun]

a microscopic agent that causes disease in people, animals, and plants

Ex: Washing your hands can help prevent the spread of viruses.
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Vocabulary for IELTS (Academic)
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