المفردات للاختبار IELTS (أكاديمي) - Biology

the scientific study of living organisms; the science that studies living organisms

علم الأحياء

(biology) a person who studies the science that deals with living organisms

عالم الأحياء

(biology) a series of transformations and events that happen in an animal or plant's lifetime

دورة, دورة حيوية

to separate people or things into two or more groups, parts, etc.

تقسيم, فصل

(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

بكتيريا, بكتيريات

an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

خلية

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

حمض نووي, حمض الديوكسي ريبونوكليك

relating to the science that explores living organisms and their functions

بيولوجي

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

تطور

(biology) to change gradually and over generations into forms that are better adapted to the environment and fitter to survive

يتطور, تطور

(of diseases) passed on from one's parents

وراثي, جيني

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

جين, جين وراثي

the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes

علم الوراثة

a small living organism that causes disease or infection

جرثومة, ميكروب

each of a group of long thread-like structures in the body that carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body, sensing things is a result of this process

عَصَب

a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own

كائن حي

a group that animals, plants, etc. of the same type which are capable of producing healthy offspring with each other are divided into

نوع, فصيلة

(of an animal, person, or plant) able to produce offspring, fruit, or seed

خصب, مثمر

(biology) a change in the structure of the genes of an individual that causes them to develop different physical features

طفرة, تغير جيني

relating to a carbon-based compound that has a biological origin

عضوي, مرتبط بالمركبات العضوية

the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use

الأيض

(of a living being) to produce offspring or more of itself

يتكاثر, يستنسخ

(biology) a small organism that lives on or inside another organism, called a host, and is dependent on it for nutrition and growth

طفيلي

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

نسيج, نسيج عضلي

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

أجسام مضادة, مناعة

(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome

سائد, مهيمن

the science or process of deliberately modifying the features of a living organism by changing its genetic information

الهندسة الوراثية

belonging to the sex that cannot give birth to babies or lay eggs but is capable of fertilization of the opposite sex

ذكري, ذكورية

belonging to the sex that is fertilized by the opposite sex and can lay eggs or give birth to babies

أنثوي, أنثى

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis

RNA

a microscopic agent that causes disease in people, animals, and plants

فيروس