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सी1 स्तर की शब्द सूची - Politics

यहां आप राजनीति के बारे में कुछ अंग्रेजी शब्द सीखेंगे, जैसे "कट्टरपंथी", "तानाशाह", "सक्रियता", आदि जो C1 शिक्षार्थियों के लिए तैयार किए गए हैं।

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
to lobby
[क्रिया]

to make an attempt to persuade politicians to agree or disagree with a law being made or changed

लॉबिंग करना, प्रतिनिधियों को प्रभावित करना

लॉबिंग करना, प्रतिनिधियों को प्रभावित करना

Ex: The pharmaceutical industry has lobbying lawmakers for faster drug approval processes .
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साइन इन
to reform
[क्रिया]

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

सुधारना, संवर्द्धित करना

सुधारना, संवर्द्धित करना

Ex: The school board is reforming the grading system to better reflect student performance .
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साइन इन
diplomatic
[विशेषण]

related to the work of keeping or creating friendly relationships between countries

राजनयिक, दूतावासिक

राजनयिक, दूतावासिक

Ex: Diplomatic immunity protects diplomats from prosecution in host countries.
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साइन इन
sovereign
[विशेषण]

(of a country or state) self-governed and free from external control

संप्रभु, स्वायत्त

संप्रभु, स्वायत्त

Ex: The treaty was signed to ensure sovereign rights of the country were respected by its neighbors .
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साइन इन
radical
[विशेषण]

supporting total and extreme social or political changes

उदारवादी, चरमपंथी

उदारवादी, चरमपंथी

Ex: radical environmentalist group staged protests to demand immediate action on climate change .
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साइन इन
activism
[संज्ञा]

the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives

सक्रियता, गतिविधि

सक्रियता, गतिविधि

Ex: She has been involved activism since her teenage years , advocating for gender equality and women 's rights .
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साइन इन
activist
[संज्ञा]

a person who tries to bring about political or social change, especially someone who supports strong actions such as protests, etc.

कार्यकर्ता, सक्रियकर्ता

कार्यकर्ता, सक्रियकर्ता

Ex: He became an activist after witnessing the poor treatment of animals in factory farms .
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साइन इन
ambassador
[संज्ञा]

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

राजदूत, प्रतिनिधि

राजदूत, प्रतिनिधि

Ex: The newly ambassador is expected to arrive at the foreign capital next month to assume his duties .
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साइन इन
dictator
[संज्ञा]

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

तानाशाह, अधिशासी

तानाशाह, अधिशासी

Ex: After years of suffering under dictator, the people rose up in a revolution to demand democracy .
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साइन इन
policy maker
[संज्ञा]

someone who makes decisions about the policies that a government or organization follows

नीति निर्माता, नीतिगत निर्णयकर्ता

नीति निर्माता, नीतिगत निर्णयकर्ता

Ex: policy maker's efforts to improve healthcare access have been widely praised by public health advocates .
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साइन इन
propaganda
[संज्ञा]

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

प्रचार, प्रवृत्ति

प्रचार, प्रवृत्ति

Ex: The rise of social media has made it easier to propaganda quickly and widely .
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साइन इन
autonomy
[संज्ञा]

(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control

स्वायत्तता, स्वतंत्रता

स्वायत्तता, स्वतंत्रता

Ex: After autonomy, the country established its own laws and governance structures .
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साइन इन
constitution
[संज्ञा]

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

संविधान, संविधानिक कानून

संविधान, संविधानिक कानून

Ex: constitution of South Africa , adopted in 1996 , enshrines the principles of equality and human dignity as core values of the nation .
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साइन इन
legislation
[संज्ञा]

the act or process of making laws or passing a statute

कानून निर्माण, कानून बनाने की प्रक्रिया

कानून निर्माण, कानून बनाने की प्रक्रिया

Ex: Lobbyists from various industries work to influence the outcome of legislation in Congress .
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साइन इन
mandate
[संज्ञा]

the legality and power given to a government or other organization after winning an election

अधिकार, आदेश

अधिकार, आदेश

Ex: The council received mandate from its members to negotiate better working conditions with the management .
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साइन इन
bureaucracy
[संज्ञा]

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

ब्यूरोक्रेसी,  प्रशासकीय प्रणाली

ब्यूरोक्रेसी, प्रशासकीय प्रणाली

Ex: The manager found bureaucracy to be a big obstacle .
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साइन इन
cabinet
[संज्ञा]

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

कैबिनेट, मंडल

कैबिनेट, मंडल

Ex: cabinet reshuffle aimed to bring fresh perspectives and expertise to address pressing social welfare issues .
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साइन इन
commerce
[संज्ञा]

the act of buying and selling goods and services, particularly between countries

व्यापार, वाणिज्य

व्यापार, वाणिज्य

Ex: The Department of Commerce released a report on the growth of e-commerce sales in the past year, highlighting significant trends in consumer behavior.
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साइन इन
free trade
[संज्ञा]

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

मुक्त व्यापार, स्वतंत्र व्यापार

मुक्त व्यापार, स्वतंत्र व्यापार

Ex: Negotiations for a free trade deal between the two countries stalled due to disagreements over agricultural tariffs .
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साइन इन
poll
[संज्ञा]

a process in which random people are asked the same questions to find out what the general public thinks about a given subject

मतदान, जनमत सर्वेक्षण

मतदान, जनमत सर्वेक्षण

Ex: The results of the exit poll were surprising, showing a closer race than initially predicted by pundits.
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साइन इन
alliance
[संज्ञा]

an association between countries, organizations, political parties, etc. in order to achieve common interests

संघ, संधि

संघ, संधि

Ex: alliances between universities foster academic exchange and collaboration in research .
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साइन इन
ally
[संज्ञा]

a country that aids another country, particularly if a war breaks out

मित्र देश, सहयोगी देश

मित्र देश, सहयोगी देश

Ex: Even in peacetime, the two countries remained close allies, working together on economic and environmental issues.
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साइन इन
coalition
[संज्ञा]

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

संविधान, गठबंधन

संविधान, गठबंधन

Ex: The trade union formed coalition with student organizations to advocate for better working conditions and affordable education .
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साइन इन
coup
[संज्ञा]

an unexpected, illegal, and often violent attempt to change a government

साम्राज्य, सत्ता पलटना

साम्राज्य, सत्ता पलटना

Ex: The country 's history was marked by several coup attempts during its transition to democracy .
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साइन इन
exile
[संज्ञा]

the situation of someone who is sent to live in another country or city by force, particularly as a penalty or for political reasons

निष्कासन, निर्वासन

निष्कासन, निर्वासन

Ex: Exile often imposes emotional and psychological challenges on individuals separated from their homeland and loved ones .
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साइन इन
wing
[संज्ञा]

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

पक्ष, शाखा

पक्ष, शाखा

Ex: The wing of the movement advocated for radical changes to immigration laws and border security .
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साइन इन
treaty
[संज्ञा]

an official agreement between two or more governments or states

संधि, अधिसम्झौता

संधि, अधिसम्झौता

Ex: The treaty allowed for the transfer of criminals between the two countries to face justice .
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साइन इन
capitalism
[संज्ञा]

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

पूंजीवाद, मालिकी व्यवस्था

पूंजीवाद, मालिकी व्यवस्था

Ex: The collapse of the socialist regimes in Eastern Europe marked a shift capitalism in those countries .
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साइन इन
communism
[संज्ञा]

a political system in which the government controls all industry, every citizen is equally treated, and private ownership does not exist

साम्यवाद, कम्युनिज़्म

साम्यवाद, कम्युनिज़्म

Ex: The collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 marked the end of an era for communism in Eastern Europe .
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साइन इन
extremism
[संज्ञा]

religious or political actions, beliefs, or ideas that most people find them extreme, unreasonable, and abnormal

कट्टरपंथिता, अत्यधिकता

कट्टरपंथिता, अत्यधिकता

Ex: Efforts to extremism must focus on education and promoting tolerance to prevent radicalization .
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साइन इन
fascism
[संज्ञा]

an extreme right-wing political attitude or system characterized by a strong central government, aggressively promoting one's country or race above others, as well as prohibiting any opposition

फासीवाद, फासीस्टवाद

फासीवाद, फासीस्टवाद

Ex: The resistance movement fought bravely against the spread fascism during World War II .
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साइन इन
federalism
[संज्ञा]

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

संघवाद, संघीयता

संघवाद, संघीयता

Ex: The principles federalism were designed to protect the sovereignty of individual states while maintaining a unified national government .
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साइन इन
globalism
[संज्ञा]

a belief in which the actions of one country affect all other countries in the world and that economic policy is built on benefiting the whole world not an individual country

वैश्वीकरण, वैश्विकता

वैश्वीकरण, वैश्विकता

Ex: Globalism challenges traditional notions of sovereignty , as multinational organizations and agreements often influence national policies .
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साइन इन
liberalism
[संज्ञा]

the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade

उदारवाद, स्वतंत्रता वाद

उदारवाद, स्वतंत्रता वाद

Ex: Critics argue liberalism can sometimes overlook the needs of marginalized groups , but its proponents believe that personal freedom and democratic institutions ultimately benefit everyone .
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साइन इन
socialism
[संज्ञा]

a political and economic principle in which main industries are controlled by the government and that wealth is equally divided among citizens

समाजवाद, सामाजिकवाद

समाजवाद, सामाजिकवाद

Ex: Proponents socialism argue that it can reduce economic inequality and provide better social services , such as healthcare and education , for all citizens .
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साइन इन
administrative
[विशेषण]

related to the management and organization of tasks, processes, or resources within an organization or system

प्रशासनिक, व्यवस्थापकीय

प्रशासनिक, व्यवस्थापकीय

Ex: Administrative procedures streamline workflow and improve efficiency in the workplace .
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साइन इन
congressional
[विशेषण]

relating to the United States Congress, which makes laws and oversees the government

संसदीय, कांग्रेस से संबंधित

संसदीय, कांग्रेस से संबंधित

Ex: congressional budget process determines federal spending priorities .
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साइन इन
constitutional
[विशेषण]

relating to or in accordance with the rules laid out in a constitution, which is a set of fundamental laws for a country or organization

संवैधानिक, संविधानिक

संवैधानिक, संविधानिक

Ex: Constitutional reforms aimed to modernize the legal framework and enhance democratic governance .
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साइन इन
electoral
[विशेषण]

related to voting, elections, or the process of choosing representatives through voting mechanisms

चुनावी, मतदाता संबंधी

चुनावी, मतदाता संबंधी

Ex: electoral turnout in the last election was higher than expected , indicating increased civic engagement .
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साइन इन
interim
[विशेषण]

intended to last only until something permanent is presented

अस्थायी, अंतरिम

अस्थायी, अंतरिम

Ex: The council interim measures to address the crisis until a full plan was developed .
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साइन इन
protocol
[संज्ञा]

a set of rules and appropriate behavior that officials use on formal occasions

प्रोटोकॉल, आचार संहिता

प्रोटोकॉल, आचार संहिता

Ex: In courtroom proceedings , there protocols for addressing the judge , presenting evidence , and conducting cross-examinations .
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साइन इन
to table
[क्रिया]

to formally bring up a proposal, discussion, etc. at a meeting for consideration

प्रस्तावित करना, विशेष चर्चा के लिए लाना

प्रस्तावित करना, विशेष चर्चा के लिए लाना

Ex: The union representatives table their concerns about working conditions during negotiations .
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साइन इन
entourage
[संज्ञा]

a group of people who work for and accompany a person of power or fame

अनुचर मंडल, साथी विद्यमान

अनुचर मंडल, साथी विद्यमान

Ex: She felt overwhelmed by the attention her sudden fame brought , as entourage grew larger with each public appearance .
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साइन इन
appeasement
[संज्ञा]

a policy of giving in to the demands of others in order to maintain peace, often at the cost of one's own principles or values

समझौता, सहमति नीति

समझौता, सहमति नीति

Ex: Critics argued that the governmentappeasement of corporate interests undermined its commitment to environmental protection .
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साइन इन
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