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Lista de Palavras Nível C1 - Politics

Aqui você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês sobre política, como “radical”, “ditador”, “ativismo”, etc., preparadas para alunos C1.

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
to lobby
[verbo]

to make an attempt to persuade politicians to agree or disagree with a law being made or changed

fazer lobby, advogar

fazer lobby, advogar

Ex: The pharmaceutical industry has lobbying lawmakers for faster drug approval processes .
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to reform
[verbo]

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

reformar, modificar

reformar, modificar

Ex: The school board is reforming the grading system to better reflect student performance .
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diplomatic
[adjetivo]

related to the work of keeping or creating friendly relationships between countries

diplomático, diplomática

diplomático, diplomática

Ex: The presidentdiplomatic visit to the foreign country strengthened bilateral ties .
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sovereign
[adjetivo]

(of a country or state) self-governed and free from external control

soberano, autônomo

soberano, autônomo

Ex: The treaty was signed to ensure sovereign rights of the country were respected by its neighbors .
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radical
[adjetivo]

supporting total and extreme social or political changes

radical, extremista

radical, extremista

Ex: radical environmentalist group staged protests to demand immediate action on climate change .
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activism
[substantivo]

the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives

ativismo, militância

ativismo, militância

Ex: She has been involved activism since her teenage years , advocating for gender equality and women 's rights .
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activist
[substantivo]

a person who tries to bring about political or social change, especially someone who supports strong actions such as protests, etc.

ativista, militante

ativista, militante

Ex: He became an activist after witnessing the poor treatment of animals in factory farms .
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ambassador
[substantivo]

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

embaixador, emissário

embaixador, emissário

Ex: The newly ambassador is expected to arrive at the foreign capital next month to assume his duties .
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dictator
[substantivo]

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

ditador, autocrata

ditador, autocrata

Ex: After years of suffering under dictator, the people rose up in a revolution to demand democracy .
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policy maker
[substantivo]

someone who makes decisions about the policies that a government or organization follows

decisor político, formulador de políticas

decisor político, formulador de políticas

Ex: policy maker's efforts to improve healthcare access have been widely praised by public health advocates .
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propaganda
[substantivo]

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

propaganda, propagande

propaganda, propagande

Ex: The rise of social media has made it easier to propaganda quickly and widely .
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autonomy
[substantivo]

(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control

autonomia, autossuficiência

autonomia, autossuficiência

Ex: After autonomy, the country established its own laws and governance structures .
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constitution
[substantivo]

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

constituição, lei fundamental

constituição, lei fundamental

Ex: constitution of South Africa , adopted in 1996 , enshrines the principles of equality and human dignity as core values of the nation .
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legislation
[substantivo]

the act or process of making laws or passing a statute

legislação, legislação ordinária

legislação, legislação ordinária

Ex: Lobbyists from various industries work to influence the outcome of legislation in Congress .
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mandate
[substantivo]

the legality and power given to a government or other organization after winning an election

mandato, comissão

mandato, comissão

Ex: The council received mandate from its members to negotiate better working conditions with the management .
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bureaucracy
[substantivo]

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

burocracia, aparelho burocrático

burocracia, aparelho burocrático

Ex: The manager found bureaucracy to be a big obstacle .
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cabinet
[substantivo]

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

gabinete, conselho de ministros

gabinete, conselho de ministros

Ex: cabinet reshuffle aimed to bring fresh perspectives and expertise to address pressing social welfare issues .
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commerce
[substantivo]

the act of buying and selling goods and services, particularly between countries

comércio, comércio internacional

comércio, comércio internacional

Ex: The treaty aimed to commerce by reducing tariffs and streamlining customs procedures .
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free trade
[substantivo]

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

comércio livre, livre comércio

comércio livre, livre comércio

Ex: Negotiations for a free trade deal between the two countries stalled due to disagreements over agricultural tariffs .
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poll
[substantivo]

a process in which random people are asked the same questions to find out what the general public thinks about a given subject

pesquisa de opinião, sondagem

pesquisa de opinião, sondagem

Ex: The organization commissioned poll to assess public awareness and attitudes towards recycling initiatives .
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alliance
[substantivo]

an association between countries, organizations, political parties, etc. in order to achieve common interests

aliança, coalizão

aliança, coalizão

Ex: alliances between universities foster academic exchange and collaboration in research .
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ally
[substantivo]

a country that aids another country, particularly if a war breaks out

aliado, camarada

aliado, camarada

Ex: As ally, they agreed to assist in military operations and share intelligence .
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coalition
[substantivo]

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

coalizão, aliança

coalizão, aliança

Ex: The trade union formed coalition with student organizations to advocate for better working conditions and affordable education .
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coup
[substantivo]

an unexpected, illegal, and often violent attempt to change a government

golpe, golpe de estado

golpe, golpe de estado

Ex: The country 's history was marked by several coup attempts during its transition to democracy .
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exile
[substantivo]

the situation of someone who is sent to live in another country or city by force, particularly as a penalty or for political reasons

exílio, exilado

exílio, exilado

Ex: Exile often imposes emotional and psychological challenges on individuals separated from their homeland and loved ones .
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wing
[substantivo]

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

ala, setor

ala, setor

Ex: The wing of the movement advocated for radical changes to immigration laws and border security .
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treaty
[substantivo]

an official agreement between two or more governments or states

tratado, convenção

tratado, convenção

Ex: The treaty allowed for the transfer of criminals between the two countries to face justice .
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capitalism
[substantivo]

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

capitalismo, sistema capitalista

capitalismo, sistema capitalista

Ex: The collapse of the socialist regimes in Eastern Europe marked a shift capitalism in those countries .
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communism
[substantivo]

a political system in which the government controls all industry, every citizen is equally treated, and private ownership does not exist

comunismo, comunismo político

comunismo, comunismo político

Ex: The collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 marked the end of an era for communism in Eastern Europe .
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extremism
[substantivo]

religious or political actions, beliefs, or ideas that most people find them extreme, unreasonable, and abnormal

extremismo, radicalismo

extremismo, radicalismo

Ex: Efforts to extremism must focus on education and promoting tolerance to prevent radicalization .
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fascism
[substantivo]

an extreme right-wing political attitude or system characterized by a strong central government, aggressively promoting one's country or race above others, as well as prohibiting any opposition

fascismo, fascistóides

fascismo, fascistóides

Ex: The resistance movement fought bravely against the spread fascism during World War II .
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federalism
[substantivo]

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

federalismo, federalidade

federalismo, federalidade

Ex: The principles federalism were designed to protect the sovereignty of individual states while maintaining a unified national government .
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globalism
[substantivo]

a belief in which the actions of one country affect all other countries in the world and that economic policy is built on benefiting the whole world not an individual country

globalismo, mundialismo

globalismo, mundialismo

Ex: Globalism challenges traditional notions of sovereignty , as multinational organizations and agreements often influence national policies .
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liberalism
[substantivo]

the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade

liberalismo, liberalidade

liberalismo, liberalidade

Ex: Critics argue liberalism can sometimes overlook the needs of marginalized groups , but its proponents believe that personal freedom and democratic institutions ultimately benefit everyone .
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socialism
[substantivo]

a political and economic principle in which main industries are controlled by the government and that wealth is equally divided among citizens

socialismo, sociabilidade

socialismo, sociabilidade

Ex: Proponents socialism argue that it can reduce economic inequality and provide better social services , such as healthcare and education , for all citizens .
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administrative
[adjetivo]

related to the management and organization of tasks, processes, or resources within an organization or system

administrativo, administrativa

administrativo, administrativa

Ex: Administrative procedures streamline workflow and improve efficiency in the workplace .
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congressional
[adjetivo]

relating to the United States Congress, which makes laws and oversees the government

congressual, pertencente ao Congresso

congressual, pertencente ao Congresso

Ex: congressional budget process determines federal spending priorities .
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constitutional
[adjetivo]

relating to or in accordance with the rules laid out in a constitution, which is a set of fundamental laws for a country or organization

constitucional, referente à constituição

constitucional, referente à constituição

Ex: Constitutional reforms aimed to modernize the legal framework and enhance democratic governance .
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electoral
[adjetivo]

related to voting, elections, or the process of choosing representatives through voting mechanisms

eleitoral, eleitoralista

eleitoral, eleitoralista

Ex: electoral turnout in the last election was higher than expected , indicating increased civic engagement .
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interim
[adjetivo]

intended to last only until something permanent is presented

interino, provisório

interino, provisório

Ex: The council interim measures to address the crisis until a full plan was developed .
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protocol
[substantivo]

a set of rules and appropriate behavior that officials use on formal occasions

protocolo, normas protocolares

protocolo, normas protocolares

Ex: In courtroom proceedings , there protocols for addressing the judge , presenting evidence , and conducting cross-examinations .
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to table
[verbo]

to formally bring up a proposal, discussion, etc. at a meeting for consideration

colocar em pauta, submeter à discussão

colocar em pauta, submeter à discussão

Ex: The union representatives table their concerns about working conditions during negotiations .
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entourage
[substantivo]

a group of people who work for and accompany a person of power or fame

entourage, sequência

entourage, sequência

Ex: She felt overwhelmed by the attention her sudden fame brought , as entourage grew larger with each public appearance .
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appeasement
[substantivo]

a policy of giving in to the demands of others in order to maintain peace, often at the cost of one's own principles or values

apaziguamento, concessão

apaziguamento, concessão

Ex: Critics argued that the governmentappeasement of corporate interests undermined its commitment to environmental protection .
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