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Danh Sách Từ Vựng Trình Độ C1 - Politics

Tại đây các bạn sẽ học một số từ tiếng Anh về chính trị như “cấp tiến”, “nhà độc tài”, “chủ nghĩa hoạt động”, v.v. dành cho người học C1.

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
to lobby
[Động từ]

to make an attempt to persuade politicians to agree or disagree with a law being made or changed

vận động hành lang, tác động chính trị

vận động hành lang, tác động chính trị

Ex: The pharmaceutical industry has lobbying lawmakers for faster drug approval processes .
to reform
[Động từ]

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

cải cách, cải thiện

cải cách, cải thiện

Ex: The school board is reforming the grading system to better reflect student performance .
diplomatic
[Tính từ]

related to the work of keeping or creating friendly relationships between countries

ngoại giao, quan hệ quốc tế

ngoại giao, quan hệ quốc tế

Ex: The presidentdiplomatic visit to the foreign country strengthened bilateral ties .
sovereign
[Tính từ]

(of a country or state) self-governed and free from external control

chủ quyền, tự trị

chủ quyền, tự trị

Ex: The treaty was signed to ensure sovereign rights of the country were respected by its neighbors .
radical
[Tính từ]

supporting total and extreme social or political changes

cấp tiến, cực đoan

cấp tiến, cực đoan

Ex: radical environmentalist group staged protests to demand immediate action on climate change .
activism
[Danh từ]

the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives

hoạt động xã hội, tích cực xã hội

hoạt động xã hội, tích cực xã hội

Ex: She has been involved activism since her teenage years , advocating for gender equality and women 's rights .
activist
[Danh từ]

a person who tries to bring about political or social change, especially someone who supports strong actions such as protests, etc.

nhà hoạt động, người hoạt động

nhà hoạt động, người hoạt động

Ex: He became an activist after witnessing the poor treatment of animals in factory farms .
ambassador
[Danh từ]

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

đại sứ, người đại diện

đại sứ, người đại diện

Ex: The newly ambassador is expected to arrive at the foreign capital next month to assume his duties .
dictator
[Danh từ]

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

nhà độc tài, kẻ độc tài

nhà độc tài, kẻ độc tài

Ex: After years of suffering under dictator, the people rose up in a revolution to demand democracy .
policy maker
[Danh từ]

someone who makes decisions about the policies that a government or organization follows

nhà hoạch định chính sách, người quyết định chính sách

nhà hoạch định chính sách, người quyết định chính sách

Ex: policy maker's efforts to improve healthcare access have been widely praised by public health advocates .
propaganda
[Danh từ]

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

tuyên truyền, tài liệu tuyên truyền

tuyên truyền, tài liệu tuyên truyền

Ex: The rise of social media has made it easier to propaganda quickly and widely .
autonomy
[Danh từ]

(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control

quyền tự quyết, tự trị

quyền tự quyết, tự trị

Ex: After autonomy, the country established its own laws and governance structures .
constitution
[Danh từ]

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

hiến pháp, nguyên tắc tổ chức

hiến pháp, nguyên tắc tổ chức

Ex: constitution of South Africa , adopted in 1996 , enshrines the principles of equality and human dignity as core values of the nation .
legislation
[Danh từ]

the act or process of making laws or passing a statute

luật pháp, văn bản pháp luật

luật pháp, văn bản pháp luật

Ex: Lobbyists from various industries work to influence the outcome of legislation in Congress .
mandate
[Danh từ]

the legality and power given to a government or other organization after winning an election

sứ mệnh, ủy nhiệm

sứ mệnh, ủy nhiệm

Ex: The council received mandate from its members to negotiate better working conditions with the management .
bureaucracy
[Danh từ]

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

quan li hành chính, hệ thống quan chức

quan li hành chính, hệ thống quan chức

Ex: The manager found bureaucracy to be a big obstacle .
cabinet
[Danh từ]

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

nội các, hội đồng bộ trưởng

nội các, hội đồng bộ trưởng

Ex: cabinet reshuffle aimed to bring fresh perspectives and expertise to address pressing social welfare issues .
commerce
[Danh từ]

the act of buying and selling goods and services, particularly between countries

thương mại quốc tế, buôn bán quốc tế

thương mại quốc tế, buôn bán quốc tế

Ex: The treaty aimed to commerce by reducing tariffs and streamlining customs procedures .
free trade
[Danh từ]

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

thương mại tự do, mậu dịch tự do

thương mại tự do, mậu dịch tự do

Ex: Negotiations for a free trade deal between the two countries stalled due to disagreements over agricultural tariffs .
poll
[Danh từ]

a process in which random people are asked the same questions to find out what the general public thinks about a given subject

cuộc thăm dò ý kiến, phiếu khảo sát

cuộc thăm dò ý kiến, phiếu khảo sát

Ex: The organization commissioned poll to assess public awareness and attitudes towards recycling initiatives .
alliance
[Danh từ]

an association between countries, organizations, political parties, etc. in order to achieve common interests

liên minh, hiệp ước

liên minh, hiệp ước

Ex: alliances between universities foster academic exchange and collaboration in research .
ally
[Danh từ]

a country that aids another country, particularly if a war breaks out

đồng minh, bạn đồng minh

đồng minh, bạn đồng minh

Ex: As ally, they agreed to assist in military operations and share intelligence .
coalition
[Danh từ]

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

liên minh, thế liên minh

liên minh, thế liên minh

Ex: The trade union formed coalition with student organizations to advocate for better working conditions and affordable education .
coup
[Danh từ]

an unexpected, illegal, and often violent attempt to change a government

cuộc đảo chính, đảo chánh

cuộc đảo chính, đảo chánh

Ex: The country 's history was marked by several coup attempts during its transition to democracy .
exile
[Danh từ]

the situation of someone who is sent to live in another country or city by force, particularly as a penalty or for political reasons

sự lưu vong, ném ra khỏi đất nước

sự lưu vong, ném ra khỏi đất nước

Ex: Exile often imposes emotional and psychological challenges on individuals separated from their homeland and loved ones .
wing
[Danh từ]

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

cánh, phái

cánh, phái

Ex: The wing of the movement advocated for radical changes to immigration laws and border security .
treaty
[Danh từ]

an official agreement between two or more governments or states

hiệp ước, thỏa thuận

hiệp ước, thỏa thuận

Ex: The treaty allowed for the transfer of criminals between the two countries to face justice .
capitalism
[Danh từ]

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

chủ nghĩa tư bản, hệ thống tư bản

chủ nghĩa tư bản, hệ thống tư bản

Ex: The collapse of the socialist regimes in Eastern Europe marked a shift capitalism in those countries .
communism
[Danh từ]

a political system in which the government controls all industry, every citizen is equally treated, and private ownership does not exist

chủ nghĩa cộng sản, cộng sản

chủ nghĩa cộng sản, cộng sản

Ex: The collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 marked the end of an era for communism in Eastern Europe .
extremism
[Danh từ]

religious or political actions, beliefs, or ideas that most people find them extreme, unreasonable, and abnormal

chủ nghĩa cực đoan, cực đoan

chủ nghĩa cực đoan, cực đoan

Ex: Efforts to extremism must focus on education and promoting tolerance to prevent radicalization .
fascism
[Danh từ]

an extreme right-wing political attitude or system characterized by a strong central government, aggressively promoting one's country or race above others, as well as prohibiting any opposition

chủ nghĩa phát xít, chủ nghĩa cực hữu

chủ nghĩa phát xít, chủ nghĩa cực hữu

Ex: The resistance movement fought bravely against the spread fascism during World War II .
federalism
[Danh từ]

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

chế độ liên bang, hệ thống liên bang

chế độ liên bang, hệ thống liên bang

Ex: The principles federalism were designed to protect the sovereignty of individual states while maintaining a unified national government .
globalism
[Danh từ]

a belief in which the actions of one country affect all other countries in the world and that economic policy is built on benefiting the whole world not an individual country

toàn cầu hóa, chủ nghĩa toàn cầu

toàn cầu hóa, chủ nghĩa toàn cầu

Ex: Globalism challenges traditional notions of sovereignty , as multinational organizations and agreements often influence national policies .
liberalism
[Danh từ]

the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade

chủ nghĩa tự do, chủ nghĩa tự do chính trị

chủ nghĩa tự do, chủ nghĩa tự do chính trị

Ex: Critics argue liberalism can sometimes overlook the needs of marginalized groups , but its proponents believe that personal freedom and democratic institutions ultimately benefit everyone .
socialism
[Danh từ]

a political and economic principle in which main industries are controlled by the government and that wealth is equally divided among citizens

Chủ nghĩa xã hội, Xã hội chủ nghĩa

Chủ nghĩa xã hội, Xã hội chủ nghĩa

Ex: Proponents socialism argue that it can reduce economic inequality and provide better social services , such as healthcare and education , for all citizens .
administrative
[Tính từ]

related to the management and organization of tasks, processes, or resources within an organization or system

hành chính, quản lý

hành chính, quản lý

Ex: Administrative procedures streamline workflow and improve efficiency in the workplace .
congressional
[Tính từ]

relating to the United States Congress, which makes laws and oversees the government

thuộc về Quốc hội, liên quan đến Quốc hội

thuộc về Quốc hội, liên quan đến Quốc hội

Ex: congressional budget process determines federal spending priorities .
constitutional
[Tính từ]

relating to or in accordance with the rules laid out in a constitution, which is a set of fundamental laws for a country or organization

hiến pháp, theo hiến pháp

hiến pháp, theo hiến pháp

Ex: Constitutional reforms aimed to modernize the legal framework and enhance democratic governance .
electoral
[Tính từ]

related to voting, elections, or the process of choosing representatives through voting mechanisms

thuộc về bầu cử, có liên quan đến bầu cử

thuộc về bầu cử, có liên quan đến bầu cử

Ex: electoral turnout in the last election was higher than expected , indicating increased civic engagement .
interim
[Tính từ]

intended to last only until something permanent is presented

tạm thời, thay thế

tạm thời, thay thế

Ex: The council interim measures to address the crisis until a full plan was developed .
protocol
[Danh từ]

a set of rules and appropriate behavior that officials use on formal occasions

nghi thức, quy tắc ngoại giao

nghi thức, quy tắc ngoại giao

Ex: In courtroom proceedings , there protocols for addressing the judge , presenting evidence , and conducting cross-examinations .
to table
[Động từ]

to formally bring up a proposal, discussion, etc. at a meeting for consideration

đề nghị, trình bày

đề nghị, trình bày

Ex: The union representatives table their concerns about working conditions during negotiations .
entourage
[Danh từ]

a group of people who work for and accompany a person of power or fame

đoàn tuỳ tùng, đoàn hộ tống

đoàn tuỳ tùng, đoàn hộ tống

Ex: She felt overwhelmed by the attention her sudden fame brought , as entourage grew larger with each public appearance .
appeasement
[Danh từ]

a policy of giving in to the demands of others in order to maintain peace, often at the cost of one's own principles or values

chính sách nhượng bộ, sự nhượng bộ

chính sách nhượng bộ, sự nhượng bộ

Ex: Critics argued that the governmentappeasement of corporate interests undermined its commitment to environmental protection .
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