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C1 Ordlista - Politics

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord om politik, såsom "radikal", "diktator", "aktivism" etc., förberedda för C1-inlärare.

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
to lobby
[Verb]

to make an attempt to persuade politicians to agree or disagree with a law being made or changed

lobbya, utöva påtryckningar

lobbya, utöva påtryckningar

Ex: The pharmaceutical industry has been lobbying lawmakers for faster drug approval processes .Läkemedelsindustrin har **lobbat** lagstiftare för snabbare godkännandeprocesser för läkemedel.
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to reform
[Verb]

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

reformera, förbättra

reformera, förbättra

Ex: The school board is considering reforming the grading system to better reflect student performance .Skolstyrelsen överväger att **reformera** betygssystemet för att bättre återspegla elevprestationer.
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diplomatic
[adjektiv]

related to the work of keeping or creating friendly relationships between countries

diplomatisk, relaterad till diplomati

diplomatisk, relaterad till diplomati

Ex: Diplomatic immunity protects diplomats from prosecution in host countries.**Diplomatisk immunitet** skyddar diplomater från åtal i värdländer.
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sovereign
[adjektiv]

(of a country or state) self-governed and free from external control

suverän

suverän

Ex: The treaty was signed to ensure the sovereign rights of the country were respected by its neighbors .Fördraget undertecknades för att säkerställa att landets **suveräna** rättigheter respekterades av sina grannar.
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radical
[adjektiv]

supporting total and extreme social or political changes

radikal

radikal

Ex: The radical environmentalist group staged protests to demand immediate action on climate change .Den **radikala** miljögruppen organiserade protester för att kräva omedelbar åtgärd mot klimatförändringar.
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activism
[Substantiv]

the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives

aktivism, kamp

aktivism, kamp

Ex: She has been involved in activism since her teenage years , advocating for gender equality and women 's rights .Hon har varit engagerad i **aktivism** sedan tonåren och förespråkar jämställdhet och kvinnors rättigheter.
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activist
[Substantiv]

a person who tries to bring about political or social change, especially someone who supports strong actions such as protests, etc.

aktivist, kampanjare

aktivist, kampanjare

Ex: He became an animal rights activist after witnessing the poor treatment of animals in factory farms .Han blev en **aktivist** för djurrättigheter efter att ha bevittnat den dåliga behandlingen av djur i industrilador.
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ambassador
[Substantiv]

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

ambassadör, sändebud

ambassadör, sändebud

Ex: The newly appointed ambassador is expected to arrive at the foreign capital next month to assume his duties .Den nyligen utnämnda **ambassadören** förväntas anlända till den utländska huvudstaden nästa månad för att tillträda sina uppdrag.
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dictator
[Substantiv]

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

diktator, tyrann

diktator, tyrann

Ex: After years of suffering under the dictator, the people rose up in a revolution to demand democracy .Efter år av lidande under **diktatorn** reste sig folket i en revolution för att kräva demokrati.
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policy maker
[Substantiv]

someone who makes decisions about the policies that a government or organization follows

politisk beslutsfattare, beslutsfattare

politisk beslutsfattare, beslutsfattare

Ex: The policy maker's efforts to improve healthcare access have been widely praised by public health advocates .**Beslutsfattarens** ansträngningar för att förbättra tillgången till sjukvård har blivit vida berömda av förespråkare för folkhälsa.
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propaganda
[Substantiv]

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

propaganda

propaganda

Ex: The rise of social media has made it easier to disseminate propaganda quickly and widely .Framväxten av sociala medier har gjort det enklare att sprida **propaganda** snabbt och brett.
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autonomy
[Substantiv]

(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control

autonomi

autonomi

Ex: After gaining autonomy, the country established its own laws and governance structures .Efter att ha fått **autonomi** upprättade landet sina egna lagar och styrelseformer.
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constitution
[Substantiv]

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

konstitution

konstitution

Ex: The constitution of South Africa , adopted in 1996 , enshrines the principles of equality and human dignity as core values of the nation .Sydafrikas **konstitution**, antagen 1996, fastställer principerna om jämlikhet och mänsklig värdighet som nationens kärnvärden.
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legislation
[Substantiv]

the act or process of making laws or passing a statute

lagstiftning, lag

lagstiftning, lag

Ex: Lobbyists from various industries work to influence the outcome of healthcare legislation in Congress .Lobbyister från olika branscher arbetar för att påverka utfallet av hälso- och sjukvårds**lagstiftning** i kongressen.
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mandate
[Substantiv]

the legality and power given to a government or other organization after winning an election

mandat, fullmakt

mandat, fullmakt

Ex: The council received a mandate from its members to negotiate better working conditions with the management .Rådet fick ett **mandat** från sina medlemmar att förhandla om bättre arbetsvillkor med ledningen.
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bureaucracy
[Substantiv]

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

byråkrati, byråkratisk förvaltning

byråkrati, byråkratisk förvaltning

Ex: The manager found the bureaucracy to be a big obstacle .Chefen ansåg att **byråkrati** var ett stort hinder.
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cabinet
[Substantiv]

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

kabinett

kabinett

Ex: The cabinet reshuffle aimed to bring fresh perspectives and expertise to address pressing social welfare issues .Ombildningen av **kabinettet** syftade till att ta med nya perspektiv och expertis för att hantera pressande sociala välfärdsfrågor.
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commerce
[Substantiv]

the act of buying and selling goods and services, particularly between countries

handel

handel

Ex: The Department of Commerce released a report on the growth of e-commerce sales in the past year, highlighting significant trends in consumer behavior.Handelsdepartementet släppte en rapport om tillväxten av e-handelsförsäljning under det senaste året, med betoning på betydande trender i konsumentbeteende.
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free trade
[Substantiv]

a system of international trading in which there are no restrictions or taxes on goods bought or sold

frihandel, handelsfrihet

frihandel, handelsfrihet

Ex: Negotiations for a new free trade deal between the two countries stalled due to disagreements over agricultural tariffs .Förhandlingarna om ett nytt **frihandelsavtal** mellan de två länderna fastnade på grund av oenigheter om jordbrukstullar.
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poll
[Substantiv]

a process in which random people are asked the same questions to find out what the general public thinks about a given subject

undersökning, opinionsundersökning

undersökning, opinionsundersökning

Ex: The results of the exit poll were surprising, showing a closer race than initially predicted by pundits.Resultaten av exit-**undersökningen** var överraskande och visade ett tätare lopp än vad experterna initialt förutspått.
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alliance
[Substantiv]

an association between countries, organizations, political parties, etc. in order to achieve common interests

allians

allians

Ex: Cultural alliances between universities foster academic exchange and collaboration in research .Kulturella **allianser** mellan universitet främjar akademisk utbyte och samarbete i forskning.
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ally
[Substantiv]

a country that aids another country, particularly if a war breaks out

allierad, partner

allierad, partner

Ex: Even in peacetime, the two countries remained close allies, working together on economic and environmental issues.Även i fredstid förblev de två länderna nära **allierade**, som arbetade tillsammans med ekonomiska och miljömässiga frågor.
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coalition
[Substantiv]

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

koalition, allians

koalition, allians

Ex: The trade union formed a coalition with student organizations to advocate for better working conditions and affordable education .Facket bildade en **koalition** med studentorganisationer för att förespråka bättre arbetsvillkor och överkomlig utbildning.
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coup
[Substantiv]

an unexpected, illegal, and often violent attempt to change a government

statskupp

statskupp

Ex: The country 's history was marked by several unsuccessful coup attempts during its transition to democracy .Landets historia präglades av flera misslyckade **kuppförsök** under dess övergång till demokrati.
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exile
[Substantiv]

the situation of someone who is sent to live in another country or city by force, particularly as a penalty or for political reasons

exil, förvisning

exil, förvisning

Ex: Exile often imposes emotional and psychological challenges on individuals separated from their homeland and loved ones .**Exil** innebär ofta känslomässiga och psykologiska utmaningar för individer som är skilda från sitt hemland och sina nära och kära.
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wing
[Substantiv]

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

vinge, fraktion

vinge, fraktion

Ex: The extremist wing of the movement advocated for radical changes to immigration laws and border security .Den extremistiska **falangen** i rörelsen förespråkade radikala förändringar i invandringslagarna och gränssäkerheten.
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treaty
[Substantiv]

an official agreement between two or more governments or states

fördrag

fördrag

Ex: The extradition treaty allowed for the transfer of criminals between the two countries to face justice .**Avtalet** om utlämning möjliggjorde överföringen av brottslingar mellan de två länderna för att ställas inför rättvisan.
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capitalism
[Substantiv]

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

kapitalism, kapitalistiskt system

kapitalism, kapitalistiskt system

Ex: The collapse of the socialist regimes in Eastern Europe marked a shift towards capitalism in those countries .Kollapsen av de socialistiska regimerna i Östeuropa markerade en förskjutning mot **kapitalism** i dessa länder.
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communism
[Substantiv]

a political system in which the government controls all industry, every citizen is equally treated, and private ownership does not exist

kommunism, kommunistiskt system

kommunism, kommunistiskt system

Ex: The collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 marked the end of an era for state-controlled communism in Eastern Europe .Sovjetunionens kollaps 1991 markerade slutet på en era för statskontrollerad **kommunism** i Östeuropa.
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extremism
[Substantiv]

religious or political actions, beliefs, or ideas that most people find them extreme, unreasonable, and abnormal

extremism, radikalism

extremism, radikalism

Ex: Efforts to combat extremism must focus on education and promoting tolerance to prevent radicalization .Ansträngningar för att bekämpa **extremism** måste fokusera på utbildning och främja tolerans för att förhindra radikalisering.
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fascism
[Substantiv]

an extreme right-wing political attitude or system characterized by a strong central government, aggressively promoting one's country or race above others, as well as prohibiting any opposition

fascism

fascism

Ex: The resistance movement fought bravely against the spread of fascism during World War II .Motståndsrörelsen kämpade tappert mot spridningen av **fascism** under andra världskriget.
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federalism
[Substantiv]

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

federalism

federalism

Ex: The principles of federalism were designed to protect the sovereignty of individual states while maintaining a unified national government .Principerna för **federalism** utformades för att skydda suveräniteten hos enskilda stater samtidigt som en enad nationell regering upprätthålls.
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globalism
[Substantiv]

a belief in which the actions of one country affect all other countries in the world and that economic policy is built on benefiting the whole world not an individual country

globalism, världsmedborgarskap

globalism, världsmedborgarskap

Ex: Globalism challenges traditional notions of sovereignty , as multinational organizations and agreements often influence national policies .**Globalismen** utmanar traditionella uppfattningar om suveränitet, eftersom multinationella organisationer och avtal ofta påverkar nationell politik.
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liberalism
[Substantiv]

the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade

liberalism, den liberala läran

liberalism, den liberala läran

Ex: Critics argue that liberalism can sometimes overlook the needs of marginalized groups , but its proponents believe that personal freedom and democratic institutions ultimately benefit everyone .Kritiker hävdar att **liberalism** ibland kan förbise behoven hos marginaliserade grupper, men dess förespråkare tror att personlig frihet och demokratiska institutioner i slutändan gynnar alla.
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socialism
[Substantiv]

a political and economic principle in which main industries are controlled by the government and that wealth is equally divided among citizens

socialism, socialistiskt system

socialism, socialistiskt system

Ex: Proponents of socialism argue that it can reduce economic inequality and provide better social services , such as healthcare and education , for all citizens .Förespråkare för **socialism** hävdar att det kan minska ekonomisk ojämlikhet och ge bättre sociala tjänster, såsom sjukvård och utbildning, till alla medborgare.
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administrative
[adjektiv]

related to the management and organization of tasks, processes, or resources within an organization or system

administrativ

administrativ

Ex: Administrative procedures streamline workflow and improve efficiency in the workplace .**Administrativa** processer effektiviserar arbetsflödet och förbättrar effektiviteten på arbetsplatsen.
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congressional
[adjektiv]

relating to the United States Congress, which makes laws and oversees the government

kongress-, som rör kongressen

kongress-, som rör kongressen

Ex: The congressional budget process determines federal spending priorities .Den **kongress**budgetprocessen bestämmer de federala utgifternas prioriteringar.
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constitutional
[adjektiv]

relating to or in accordance with the rules laid out in a constitution, which is a set of fundamental laws for a country or organization

konstitutionell, konstitutionella

konstitutionell, konstitutionella

Ex: Constitutional reforms aimed to modernize the legal framework and enhance democratic governance .De **konstitutionella** reformerna syftade till att modernisera det juridiska ramverket och stärka den demokratiska styrningen.
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electoral
[adjektiv]

related to voting, elections, or the process of choosing representatives through voting mechanisms

val-, valrelaterad

val-, valrelaterad

Ex: The electoral turnout in the last election was higher than expected , indicating increased civic engagement .Valdeltagandet i det senaste valet var högre än väntat, vilket indikerar en ökad medborgerlig engagemang.
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interim
[adjektiv]

intended to last only until something permanent is presented

tillfällig, interimistisk

tillfällig, interimistisk

Ex: The council implemented interim measures to address the crisis until a full plan was developed .Rådet genomförde **tillfälliga** åtgärder för att hantera krisen tills en fullständig plan utarbetades.
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protocol
[Substantiv]

a set of rules and appropriate behavior that officials use on formal occasions

protokoll, etikett

protokoll, etikett

Ex: In courtroom proceedings , there are protocols for addressing the judge , presenting evidence , and conducting cross-examinations .I rättsliga förfaranden finns det **protokoll** för att tilltala domaren, presentera bevis och genomföra korsförhör.
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to table
[Verb]

to formally bring up a proposal, discussion, etc. at a meeting for consideration

lägga fram, föreslå

lägga fram, föreslå

Ex: The union representatives will table their concerns about working conditions during negotiations .Fackets representanter kommer att **lägga på bordet** sina farhågor om arbetsvillkoren under förhandlingarna.
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entourage
[Substantiv]

a group of people who work for and accompany a person of power or fame

följe, entourage

följe, entourage

Ex: She felt overwhelmed by the attention her sudden fame brought , as her entourage grew larger with each public appearance .Hon kände sig överväldigad av uppmärksamheten som hennes plötsliga berömmelse förde med sig, då hennes **entourage** växte med varje offentligt framträdande.
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appeasement
[Substantiv]

a policy of giving in to the demands of others in order to maintain peace, often at the cost of one's own principles or values

eftergivenhet

eftergivenhet

Ex: Critics argued that the government 's appeasement of corporate interests undermined its commitment to environmental protection .Kritiker hävdade att regeringens **eftergivenhet** för företagsintressen underminerade dess engagemang för miljöskydd.
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