Kosakata Penting untuk TOEFL - Masyarakat dan Masalah Sosial

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata dalam bahasa Inggris tentang masyarakat dan isu-isu sosial, seperti "aristokrasi", "toleransi", "feminisme", dll. yang diperlukan untuk ujian TOEFL.

Tinjauan

Kartu flash

Ejaan

Kuis

Mulai belajar

class

[Kata benda]

a group of people having the same economic or social status in a particular society

kelas, lapisan sosial

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aristocracy

[Kata benda]

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

aristokrasi, bangsawan

Ex: The aristocracy opposed many social reforms that threatened their privileges .**Aristokrasi** menentang banyak reformasi sosial yang mengancam hak istimewa mereka.

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noble

[Adjektiva]

belonging to the highest social or political class

bangsawan, mulia

Ex: Despite their noble status , the family was known for their humility and generosity towards their subjects .Meskipun status mereka **bangsawan**, keluarga itu dikenal karena kerendahan hati dan kemurahan hati mereka terhadap rakyatnya.

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civil

[Adjektiva]

related to the citizens of a country

sipil, kewarganegaraan

Ex: Civil discourse is essential for resolving societal conflicts peacefully .Wacana **sipil** sangat penting untuk menyelesaikan konflik sosial secara damai.

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citizen

[Kata benda]

someone whose right of belonging to a particular state is legally recognized either because they are born there or are naturalized

warga negara, nasional

Ex: The law applies to all citizens, regardless of their background .Hukum berlaku untuk semua **warga negara**, terlepas dari latar belakang mereka.

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status

[Kata benda]

someone or something's professional or social position relative to that of others

status, posisi

Ex: She worked hard to achieve a higher status in her career.Dia bekerja keras untuk mencapai **status** yang lebih tinggi dalam kariernya.

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welfare

[Kata benda]

a financial aid provided by the government for people who are sick, unemployed, etc.

kesejahteraan, bantuan sosial

Ex: He applied for welfare after his injury prevented him from working .Dia mengajukan **bantuan sosial** setelah cederanya menghalanginya untuk bekerja.

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tolerance

[Kata benda]

willingness to accept behavior or opinions that are against one's own

toleransi

Ex: The festival celebrated cultural tolerance, showcasing traditions from various ethnic groups .Festival merayakan **toleransi** budaya, menampilkan tradisi dari berbagai kelompok etnis.

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philanthropy

[Kata benda]

the activity of helping people, particularly financially

filantropi

Ex: His philanthropy helped countless families .**Filantropinya** membantu banyak keluarga.

Tutup

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sexuality

[Kata benda]

the qualities and activities that are related to sex

seksualitas, kehidupan seksual

Ex: Discussing sexuality openly and respectfully promotes understanding and supports individuals in embracing their identities and experiences .Membahas **seksualitas** secara terbuka dan hormat mendorong pemahaman dan mendukung individu dalam merangkul identitas dan pengalaman mereka.

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gender

[Kata benda]

the fact or condition of being male, female or non-binary that people identify themselves with based on social and cultural roles

gender

Ex: Society often expects people to conform to traditional gender roles in terms of behavior and appearance.Masyarakat sering mengharapkan orang untuk menyesuaikan diri dengan peran **gender** tradisional dalam hal perilaku dan penampilan.

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feminine

[Adjektiva]

related to qualities, characteristics, or behaviors typically associated with women

feminin, kewanitaan

Ex: David was drawn to the feminine energy of the artwork , which conveyed a sense of serenity and peace .David tertarik pada energi **feminin** dari karya seni, yang menyampaikan rasa ketenangan dan kedamaian.

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masculine

[Adjektiva]

related to qualities, characteristics, or behaviors typically associated with men

maskulin, jantan

Ex: The masculine scent of the cologne reminded Sarah of her father, evoking feelings of warmth and nostalgia.Aroma **maskulin** dari cologne mengingatkan Sarah pada ayahnya, membangkitkan perasaan hangat dan nostalgia.

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feminism

[Kata benda]

the movement that supports equal treatment of men and women and believes women should have the same rights and opportunities

feminisme

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race

[Kata benda]

each of the main groups into which humans can be divided based on their physical attributes such as the color of their skin

ras, kelompok etnis

Ex: Despite advances in understanding human genetics , race continues to play a significant role in society , influencing everything from social interactions to access to resources .Meskipun ada kemajuan dalam memahami genetika manusia, **ras** terus memainkan peran penting dalam masyarakat, mempengaruhi segala hal mulai dari interaksi sosial hingga akses ke sumber daya.

Tutup

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ethnicity

[Kata benda]

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

etnisitas

Ex: The festival showcases music , food , and art from various ethnicities around the world .Festival ini menampilkan musik, makanan, dan seni dari berbagai **etnis** di seluruh dunia.

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Masuk

multicultural

[Adjektiva]

relating to or involving several different cultures

multikultural

Ex: The company fosters a multicultural work environment , valuing diversity and inclusion .

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global village

[Kata benda]

‌the whole world considered as a small place because of being closely connected by modern communication systems

desa global, kampung global

Ex: The concept of the global village emphasizes the need for cooperation and collaboration among nations to address common challenges and promote peace and prosperity for all .Konsep **desa global** menekankan perlunya kerja sama dan kolaborasi antar bangsa untuk mengatasi tantangan bersama dan mempromosikan perdamaian dan kemakmuran bagi semua.

Tutup

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inequality

[Kata benda]

a situation where there is a lack of fairness or equal treatment between individuals or groups

ketidaksetaraan

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gender gap

[Kata benda]

the differences between men and women's rights, opportunities, and treatment in society

kesenjangan gender, jurang gender

Ex: Bridging the gender gap in technology fields requires addressing systemic barriers and biases that deter women from pursuing careers in STEM .Menjembatani **kesenjangan gender** di bidang teknologi membutuhkan penanganan hambatan dan bias sistemik yang menghalangi perempuan untuk mengejar karir di STEM.

Tutup

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to discriminate

[kata kerja]

to unfairly treat a person or group of people based on their sex, race, etc.

mendiskriminasi

Ex: The school was criticized for discriminating against students of certain religious backgrounds .Sekolah dikritik karena **mendiskriminasi** siswa dari latar belakang agama tertentu.

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diversity

[Kata benda]

the practice of involving many people from different cultures, social backgrounds, sexual orientations, etc.

keberagaman

Ex: The school 's commitment to diversity is shown through its inclusive curriculum and extracurricular activities .Komitmen sekolah terhadap **keberagaman** ditunjukkan melalui kurikulum inklusif dan kegiatan ekstrakurikulernya.

Tutup

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superior

[Adjektiva]

higher in status or rank in comparison with someone or something else

superior, lebih tinggi

Ex: The superior diplomat represents the country in high-level international negotiations .Diplomat **superior** mewakili negara dalam negosiasi internasional tingkat tinggi.

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inferior

[Adjektiva]

lower in rank or status in comparison with someone or something else

inferior, bawahan

Ex: The team 's performance was deemed inferior to the competing teams in the tournament .Kinerja tim dinilai **lebih rendah** dibandingkan tim-tim pesaing di turnamen.

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segregation

[Kata benda]

the policy of separating a group of people from the rest based on racial, sexual, or religious grounds and discriminating against them

pemisahan

Ex: The festival showcases music, food, and art from various ethnicities around the world.Festival ini menampilkan musik, makanan, dan seni dari berbagai etnis di seluruh dunia.

Tutup

Masuk

homelessness

[Kata benda]

the fact or condition of not having a home

tunawisma, keadaan tidak memiliki rumah

Ex: She dedicated her career to raising awareness about homelessness and advocating for policy changes .Dia mendedikasikan kariernya untuk meningkatkan kesadaran tentang **tunawisma** dan memperjuangkan perubahan kebijakan.

Tutup

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sexism

[Kata benda]

an unfair treatment based on the belief that one gender, particularly female, is weaker, less intelligent, or less important than the other

seksisme, diskriminasi gender

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racism

[Kata benda]

harmful or unfair actions, words, or thoughts directed at people of different races, often based on the idea that one’s own race is more intelligent, moral, or worthy

rasisme, diskriminasi rasial

Ex: Racism in the police force has been a long-standing issue .**Rasisme** di kepolisian telah menjadi masalah yang berlangsung lama.

Tutup

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alcoholism

[Kata benda]

a medical condition caused by drinking an excessive amounts of alcohol on a regular basis

alkoholisme, kecanduan alkohol

Ex: Research has shown a correlation between stress and an increased risk of alcoholism.Penelitian telah menunjukkan korelasi antara stres dan peningkatan risiko **alkoholisme**.

Tutup

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addiction

[Kata benda]

the inability to stop using or doing something, particularly something harmful or unhealthy

kecanduan, ketergantungan

Ex: Overcoming addiction requires commitment , perseverance , and ongoing support from healthcare professionals , friends , and family members .Mengatasi **kecanduan** membutuhkan komitmen, ketekunan, dan dukungan berkelanjutan dari profesional kesehatan, teman, dan anggota keluarga.

Tutup

Masuk

demonstration

[Kata benda]

a display of support for or protest against something or someone by a march or public meeting

demonstrasi

Ex: The political party organized a demonstration to protest against corruption in government .Partai politik mengorganisir sebuah **demonstrasi** untuk memprotes korupsi di pemerintahan.

Tutup

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minority

[Kata benda]

a small group of people who differ in race, religion, etc. and are often mistreated by the society

minoritas

Ex: He is researching the history of minority communities in the area .Dia sedang meneliti sejarah komunitas **minoritas** di daerah itu.

Tutup

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prejudice

[Kata benda]

an unreasonable opinion or judgment based on dislike felt for a person, group, etc., particularly because of their race, sex, etc.

prasangka, prasangka buruk

Ex: The novel explores themes of prejudice and social inequality .Novel ini mengeksplorasi tema **prasangka** dan ketidaksetaraan sosial.

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starvation

[Kata benda]

a situation where a person or animal dies or greatly suffers from having no food for a long time

kelaparan, kematian karena kelaparan

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slum

[Kata benda]

(often plural) a very poor and overpopulated area of a city or town in which the houses are not in good condition

kawasan kumuh, perkampungan kumuh

Ex: The government is implementing programs to improve living conditions in slums.Pemerintah menerapkan program untuk meningkatkan kondisi hidup di **permukiman kumuh**.

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shelter

[Kata benda]

a place in which very poor people are provided with food and housing

tempat penampungan, perlindungan

Ex: They created a temporary shelter for those affected by the disaster .Mereka membuat **tempat penampungan** sementara bagi mereka yang terkena dampak bencana.

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refugee

[Kata benda]

a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.

pengungsi, pengungsi

Ex: The refugee crisis prompted discussions on humanitarian aid and global responsibility .Krisis **pengungsi** memicu diskusi tentang bantuan kemanusiaan dan tanggung jawab global.

Tutup

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community service

[Kata benda]

unpaid work done either as a form of punishment by a criminal or as a voluntary service by a citizen

pelayanan masyarakat, kerja sukarela

Ex: He found fulfillment in community service, knowing that his efforts were making a positive impact on those in need .Dia menemukan kepuasan dalam **pelayanan masyarakat**, mengetahui bahwa usahanya memberikan dampak positif bagi mereka yang membutuhkan.

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social worker

[Kata benda]

someone who is employed to give advice to or provide help for those with family or financial problems

pekerja sosial, pembantu sosial

Ex: She became a social worker to support underprivileged children .Dia menjadi **pekerja sosial** untuk mendukung anak-anak yang kurang beruntung.

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Kosakata Penting untuk TOEFL

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Kosakata Penting untuk TOEFL - Masyarakat dan Masalah Sosial