Kosakata Penting untuk TOEFL - Masalah Masyarakat dan Sosial

a group of people having the same economic or social status in a particular society

kelas, kategori

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

aristokrasi

belonging to the highest social or political class

bangsawan, aristokrat

related to the citizens of a country

sipil, perdata

someone whose right of belonging to a particular state is legally recognized either because they are born there or are naturalized

warga negara, warga negara perempuan

someone or something's professional or social position relative to that of others

status, posisi

a financial aid provided by the government for people who are sick, unemployed, etc.

kesejahteraan, bantuan sosial

willingness to accept behavior or opinions that are against one's own

toleransi

the activity of helping people, particularly financially

filantropi

the qualities and activities that are related to sex

seksualitas, jenis kelamin

the fact or condition of being male, female or non-binary that people identify themselves with based on social and cultural roles

gender, jenis kelamin

related to qualities, characteristics, or behaviors typically associated with women

feminim, perempuan

related to qualities, characteristics, or behaviors typically associated with men

maskulin, laki-laki

the movement that supports equal treatment of men and women and believes women should have the same rights and opportunities

feminisme

each of the main groups into which humans can be divided based on their physical attributes such as the color of their skin

ras, etnis

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

etnisitas, afiliasi etnis

relating to or involving several different cultures

multikultural, beragam budaya

‌the whole world considered as a small place because of being closely connected by modern communication systems

desa global, kampung global

a situation where there is a lack of fairness or equal treatment between individuals or groups

ketidakadilan

the differences between men and women's rights, opportunities, and treatment in society

kesenjangan gender, perbedaan gender

to unfairly treat a person or group of people based on their sex, race, etc.

mendiskriminasi, melakukan diskriminasi

the practice of involving many people from different cultures, social backgrounds, sexual orientations, etc.

keberagaman, keragaman

higher in status or rank in comparison with someone or something else

lebih tinggi, superior

lower in rank or status in comparison with someone or something else

rendah, kurang

the policy of separating a group of people from the rest based on racial, sexual, or religious grounds and discriminating against them

segregasi, pemisahan

the fact or condition of not having a home

kekurangan rumah, tanpa tempat tinggal

an unfair treatment based on the belief that one gender, particularly female, is weaker, less intelligent, or less important than the other

seksisme, diskriminasi gender

harmful or unfair actions, words, or thoughts directed at people of different races, often based on the idea that one’s own race is more intelligent, moral, or worthy

rasisme

a medical condition caused by drinking an excessive amounts of alcohol on a regular basis

alkoholisme

the inability to stop using or doing something, particularly something harmful or unhealthy

kecanduan, ketergantungan

a display of support for or protest against something or someone by a march or public meeting

demonstrasi, unjuk rasa

a small group of people who differ in race, religion, etc. and are often mistreated by the society

minoritas, kelompok kecil

an unreasonable opinion or judgment based on dislike felt for a person, group, etc., particularly because of their race, sex, etc.

prasangka, stigma

a situation where a person or animal dies or greatly suffers from having no food for a long time

kelaparan, kekurangan gizi

(often plural) a very poor and overpopulated area of a city or town in which the houses are not in good condition

perumahan kumuh, pemukiman liar

a place in which very poor people are provided with food and housing

penampungan, shelter

a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.

pengungsi, perempuan pengungsi

unpaid work done either as a form of punishment by a criminal or as a voluntary service by a citizen

layanan masyarakat, kerja sosial

someone who is employed to give advice to or provide help for those with family or financial problems

pekerja sosial, pembantu sosial