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托福必备词汇 - 社会与社会问题

在这里你将学习托福考试所需的一些有关社会和社会问题的英语单词,例如“贵族”、“宽容”、“女权主义”等。

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
class

a group of people having the same economic or social status in a particular society

阶级

阶级

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aristocracy

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

贵族

贵族

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noble

belonging to the highest social or political class

高贵的

高贵的

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civil

related to the citizens of a country

公民的

公民的

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citizen

someone whose right of belonging to a particular state is legally recognized either because they are born there or are naturalized

公民

公民

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status

someone or something's professional or social position relative to that of others

状态

状态

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welfare

a financial aid provided by the government for people who are sick, unemployed, etc.

福利

福利

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tolerance

willingness to accept behavior or opinions that are against one's own

宽容

宽容

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philanthropy

the activity of helping people, particularly financially

慈善事业

慈善事业

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sexuality

the qualities and activities that are related to sex

性取向

性取向

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gender

the fact or condition of being male, female or non-binary that people identify themselves with based on social and cultural roles

性别

性别

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feminine

related to qualities, characteristics, or behaviors typically associated with women

女性的

女性的

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masculine

related to qualities, characteristics, or behaviors typically associated with men

男性的

男性的

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feminism

the movement that supports equal treatment of men and women and believes women should have the same rights and opportunities

女性主义

女性主义

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race

each of the main groups into which humans can be divided based on their physical attributes such as the color of their skin

种族

种族

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ethnicity

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

民族性

民族性

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multicultural

relating to or involving several different cultures

多元文化的

多元文化的

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global village

‌the whole world considered as a small place because of being closely connected by modern communication systems

全球村

全球村

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inequality

a situation where there is a lack of fairness or equal treatment between individuals or groups

不平等

不平等

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gender gap

the differences between men and women's rights, opportunities, and treatment in society

性别差距

性别差距

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to discriminate

to unfairly treat a person or group of people based on their sex, race, etc.

歧视

歧视

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diversity

the practice of involving many people from different cultures, social backgrounds, sexual orientations, etc.

多样性

多样性

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superior

higher in status or rank in comparison with someone or something else

优越的

优越的

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inferior

lower in rank or status in comparison with someone or something else

低级的

低级的

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segregation

the policy of separating a group of people from the rest based on racial, sexual, or religious grounds and discriminating against them

隔离

隔离

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homelessness

the fact or condition of not having a home

无家可归

无家可归

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sexism

an unfair treatment based on the belief that one gender, particularly female, is weaker, less intelligent, or less important than the other

性别歧视

性别歧视

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racism

the unjust or violent behavior toward people because their race is different form one's own

种族主义

种族主义

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alcoholism

a medical condition caused by drinking an excessive amounts of alcohol on a regular basis

酗酒

酗酒

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addiction

the inability to stop using or doing something, particularly something harmful or unhealthy

上瘾

上瘾

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demonstration

a display of support for or protest against something or someone by a march or public meeting

示威

示威

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minority

a small group of people who differ in race, religion, etc. and are often mistreated by the society

少数派

少数派

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prejudice

an unreasonable opinion or judgment based on dislike felt for a person, group, etc., particularly because of their race, sex, etc.

偏见

偏见

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starvation

a situation where a person or animal dies or greatly suffers from having no food for a long time

饥饿

饥饿

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slum

(often plural) a very poor and overpopulated area of a city or town in which the houses are not in good condition

贫民窟

贫民窟

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shelter

a place in which very poor people are provided with food and housing

庇护所

庇护所

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refugee

a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.

难民

难民

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community service

unpaid work done either as a form of punishment by a criminal or as a voluntary service by a citizen

社区服务

社区服务

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social worker

someone who is employed to give advice to or provide help for those with family or financial problems

社会工作者

社会工作者

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