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TOEFL のための基本語彙 - 社会と社会問題
ここでは、TOEFL試験に必要な「貴族」、「寛容」、「フェミニズム」など、社会や社会問題に関するいくつかの英語の単語を学びます。
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クイズ
a group of people having the same economic or social status in a particular society
階級, 社会階層
people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles
貴族階級, 貴族
belonging to the highest social or political class
高貴な, 貴族の
related to the citizens of a country
市民の, 民事の
someone whose right of belonging to a particular state is legally recognized either because they are born there or are naturalized
市民, 国民
someone or something's professional or social position relative to that of others
地位, 立場
a financial aid provided by the government for people who are sick, unemployed, etc.
福祉, 生活保護
willingness to accept behavior or opinions that are against one's own
寛容
the activity of helping people, particularly financially
慈善活動
the qualities and activities that are related to sex
性, 性生活
the fact or condition of being male, female or non-binary that people identify themselves with based on social and cultural roles
ジェンダー
related to qualities, characteristics, or behaviors typically associated with women
女性的な, 女らしい
related to qualities, characteristics, or behaviors typically associated with men
男性的, 男らしい
the movement that supports equal treatment of men and women and believes women should have the same rights and opportunities
フェミニズム
each of the main groups into which humans can be divided based on their physical attributes such as the color of their skin
人種, 民族グループ
the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group
民族性
relating to or involving several different cultures
多文化の
the whole world considered as a small place because of being closely connected by modern communication systems
グローバルビレッジ, 地球村
a situation where there is a lack of fairness or equal treatment between individuals or groups
不平等
the differences between men and women's rights, opportunities, and treatment in society
ジェンダーギャップ, 性別格差
to unfairly treat a person or group of people based on their sex, race, etc.
差別する
the practice of involving many people from different cultures, social backgrounds, sexual orientations, etc.
多様性
higher in status or rank in comparison with someone or something else
優れた, 上位の
lower in rank or status in comparison with someone or something else
劣っている, 下位の
the policy of separating a group of people from the rest based on racial, sexual, or religious grounds and discriminating against them
隔離
the fact or condition of not having a home
ホームレス状態, 住居喪失
an unfair treatment based on the belief that one gender, particularly female, is weaker, less intelligent, or less important than the other
性差別, ジェンダーディスクリミネーション
harmful or unfair actions, words, or thoughts directed at people of different races, often based on the idea that one’s own race is more intelligent, moral, or worthy
人種差別, 人種的差別
a medical condition caused by drinking an excessive amounts of alcohol on a regular basis
アルコール依存症, アルコール中毒
the inability to stop using or doing something, particularly something harmful or unhealthy
中毒, 依存症
a display of support for or protest against something or someone by a march or public meeting
デモンストレーション
a small group of people who differ in race, religion, etc. and are often mistreated by the society
少数派
an unreasonable opinion or judgment based on dislike felt for a person, group, etc., particularly because of their race, sex, etc.
偏見, 先入観
a situation where a person or animal dies or greatly suffers from having no food for a long time
飢餓, 餓死
(often plural) a very poor and overpopulated area of a city or town in which the houses are not in good condition
スラム, 貧民街
a place in which very poor people are provided with food and housing
避難所, シェルター
a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.
難民, 避難民
unpaid work done either as a form of punishment by a criminal or as a voluntary service by a citizen
社会奉仕, コミュニティサービス
someone who is employed to give advice to or provide help for those with family or financial problems
ソーシャルワーカー, 社会福祉士
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