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Απαραίτητο Λεξιλόγιο για το TOEFL - Κοινωνία και Κοινωνικά Θέματα

Εδώ θα μάθετε μερικές αγγλικές λέξεις για την κοινωνία και τα κοινωνικά θέματα, όπως «αριστοκρατία», «ανεκτικότητα», «φεμινισμός» κ.λπ. που χρειάζονται για τις εξετάσεις TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
class

a group of people having the same economic or social status in a particular society

Κοινωνική τάξη

Κοινωνική τάξη

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[ουσιαστικό]
aristocracy

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

αριστοκρατία

αριστοκρατία

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[ουσιαστικό]
noble

belonging to the highest social or political class

ευγενής

ευγενής

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[επίθετο]
civil

related to the citizens of a country

αστικός

αστικός

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[επίθετο]
citizen

someone whose right of belonging to a particular state is legally recognized either because they are born there or are naturalized

πολίτης

πολίτης

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[ουσιαστικό]
status

someone or something's professional or social position relative to that of others

κατάσταση

κατάσταση

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[ουσιαστικό]
welfare

a financial aid provided by the government for people who are sick, unemployed, etc.

κρατική οικονομική βοήθεια

κρατική οικονομική βοήθεια

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[ουσιαστικό]
tolerance

willingness to accept behavior or opinions that are against one's own

ανοχή

ανοχή

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[ουσιαστικό]
philanthropy

the activity of helping people, particularly financially

φιλανθρωπία

φιλανθρωπία

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[ουσιαστικό]
sexuality

the qualities and activities that are related to sex

σεξουαλική ταυτότητα

σεξουαλική ταυτότητα

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[ουσιαστικό]
gender

the fact or condition of being male, female or non-binary that people identify themselves with based on social and cultural roles

γένος

γένος

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[ουσιαστικό]
feminine

related to qualities, characteristics, or behaviors typically associated with women

θηλυκός

θηλυκός

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[επίθετο]
masculine

related to qualities, characteristics, or behaviors typically associated with men

αρσενικό (λέξεις)

αρσενικό (λέξεις)

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[επίθετο]
feminism

the movement that supports equal treatment of men and women and believes women should have the same rights and opportunities

φεμινισμός

φεμινισμός

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[ουσιαστικό]
race

each of the main groups into which humans can be divided based on their physical attributes such as the color of their skin

φυλή εθνότητας

φυλή εθνότητας

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[ουσιαστικό]
ethnicity

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

εθνότητα

εθνότητα

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[ουσιαστικό]
multicultural

relating to or involving several different cultures

πολυπολιτισμικό

πολυπολιτισμικό

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[επίθετο]
global village

‌the whole world considered as a small place because of being closely connected by modern communication systems

παγκόσμιο χωριό

παγκόσμιο χωριό

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[ουσιαστικό]
inequality

a situation where there is a lack of fairness or equal treatment between individuals or groups

ανισότητα

ανισότητα

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[ουσιαστικό]
gender gap

the differences between men and women's rights, opportunities, and treatment in society

ανισότητα μεταξύ των φύλων

ανισότητα μεταξύ των φύλων

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[ουσιαστικό]
to discriminate

to unfairly treat a person or group of people based on their sex, race, etc.

ξεχωρίζω

ξεχωρίζω

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[ρήμα]
diversity

the practice of involving many people from different cultures, social backgrounds, sexual orientations, etc.

ποικιλία

ποικιλία

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[ουσιαστικό]
superior

higher in status or rank in comparison with someone or something else

ανώτερος υπάλληλος

ανώτερος υπάλληλος

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[επίθετο]
inferior

lower in rank or status in comparison with someone or something else

κατώτερος

κατώτερος

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[επίθετο]
segregation

the policy of separating a group of people from the rest based on racial, sexual, or religious grounds and discriminating against them

διακρίσεις (φυλετικές, σεξουαλικές κ.λπ.)

διακρίσεις (φυλετικές, σεξουαλικές κ.λπ.)

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[ουσιαστικό]
homelessness

the fact or condition of not having a home

άστεγοι

άστεγοι

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[ουσιαστικό]
sexism

an unfair treatment based on the belief that one gender, particularly female, is weaker, less intelligent, or less important than the other

ο σεξισμός

ο σεξισμός

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[ουσιαστικό]
racism

the unjust or violent behavior toward people because their race is different form one's own

ρατσισμός

ρατσισμός

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[ουσιαστικό]
alcoholism

a medical condition caused by drinking an excessive amounts of alcohol on a regular basis

αλκοολισμός

αλκοολισμός

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[ουσιαστικό]
addiction

the inability to stop using or doing something, particularly something harmful or unhealthy

εθισμός

εθισμός

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[ουσιαστικό]
demonstration

a display of support for or protest against something or someone by a march or public meeting

διαμαρτυρία

διαμαρτυρία

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[ουσιαστικό]
minority

a small group of people who differ in race, religion, etc. and are often mistreated by the society

μειονότητα

μειονότητα

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[ουσιαστικό]
prejudice

an unreasonable opinion or judgment based on dislike felt for a person, group, etc., particularly because of their race, sex, etc.

προκατάληψη

προκατάληψη

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[ουσιαστικό]
starvation

a situation where a person or animal dies or greatly suffers from having no food for a long time

πείνα

πείνα

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[ουσιαστικό]
slum

(often plural) a very poor and overpopulated area of a city or town in which the houses are not in good condition

συνοικία παραγκούπολης

συνοικία παραγκούπολης

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[ουσιαστικό]
shelter

a place in which very poor people are provided with food and housing

καταφύγιο

καταφύγιο

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[ουσιαστικό]
refugee

a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.

πρόσφυγας

πρόσφυγας

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[ουσιαστικό]
community service

unpaid work done either as a form of punishment by a criminal or as a voluntary service by a citizen

Κοινωνική εργασία

Κοινωνική εργασία

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[ουσιαστικό]
social worker

someone who is employed to give advice to or provide help for those with family or financial problems

κοινωνικός λειτουργός

κοινωνικός λειτουργός

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[ουσιαστικό]
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