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واژگان ضروری برای TOEFL - جامعه و مسائل اجتماعی

در اینجا با چند لغت انگلیسی در مورد جامعه و مسائل اجتماعی مانند «اشرافیت»، «تحمل»، «فمینیسم» و ... که برای آزمون تافل مورد نیاز است آشنا می شوید.

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آزمون

شروع یادگیری
Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
class

a group of people having the same economic or social status in a particular society

طبقه اجتماعی

طبقه اجتماعی

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "class"
aristocracy

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

آریستوکراسی, طبقه اشراف

آریستوکراسی, طبقه اشراف

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "aristocracy"
noble

belonging to the highest social or political class

نجیب‌زاده

نجیب‌زاده

[صفت]
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تعریف و معنای "noble"
civil

related to the citizens of a country

شهری, مدنی

شهری, مدنی

[صفت]
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تعریف و معنای "civil"
citizen

someone whose right of belonging to a particular state is legally recognized either because they are born there or are naturalized

شهروند, تبعه

شهروند, تبعه

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "citizen"
status

someone or something's professional or social position relative to that of others

موقعیت اجتماعی

موقعیت اجتماعی

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "status"
welfare

a financial aid provided by the government for people who are sick, unemployed, etc.

کمک رفاهی, کمک هزینه

کمک رفاهی, کمک هزینه

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "welfare"
tolerance

willingness to accept behavior or opinions that are against one's own

بردباری, تحمل، طاقت

بردباری, تحمل، طاقت

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "tolerance"
philanthropy

the activity of helping people, particularly financially

انسان‌دوستی, نوع‌دوستی، نیکوکاری

انسان‌دوستی, نوع‌دوستی، نیکوکاری

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تعریف و معنای "philanthropy"
sexuality

the qualities and activities that are related to sex

جنسیت, میل جنسی

جنسیت, میل جنسی

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "sexuality"
gender

the fact or condition of being male, female or non-binary that people identify themselves with based on social and cultural roles

جنسیت

جنسیت

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "gender"
feminine

related to qualities, characteristics, or behaviors typically associated with women

زنانه

زنانه

[صفت]
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تعریف و معنای "feminine"
masculine

related to qualities, characteristics, or behaviors typically associated with men

مردانه

مردانه

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تعریف و معنای "masculine"
feminism

the movement that supports equal treatment of men and women and believes women should have the same rights and opportunities

فمینیسم, جنبش طرفداری از حقوق زنان

فمینیسم, جنبش طرفداری از حقوق زنان

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "feminism"
race

each of the main groups into which humans can be divided based on their physical attributes such as the color of their skin

نژاد

نژاد

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "race"
ethnicity

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

قومیت, نژاد

قومیت, نژاد

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "ethnicity"
multicultural

relating to or involving several different cultures

چندفرهنگی

چندفرهنگی

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تعریف و معنای "multicultural"
global village

‌the whole world considered as a small place because of being closely connected by modern communication systems

دهکده جهانی

دهکده جهانی

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "global village"
inequality

a situation where there is a lack of fairness or equal treatment between individuals or groups

نابرابری

نابرابری

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تعریف و معنای "inequality"
gender gap

the differences between men and women's rights, opportunities, and treatment in society

اختلاف جنسیتی

اختلاف جنسیتی

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "gender gap"
to discriminate

to unfairly treat a person or group of people based on their sex, race, etc.

تبعیض قائل شدن

تبعیض قائل شدن

[فعل]
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تعریف و معنای "to discriminate"
diversity

the practice of involving many people from different cultures, social backgrounds, sexual orientations, etc.

گوناگونی, تنوع

گوناگونی, تنوع

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "diversity"
superior

higher in status or rank in comparison with someone or something else

مقام ارشد, مافوق

مقام ارشد, مافوق

[صفت]
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تعریف و معنای "superior"
inferior

lower in rank or status in comparison with someone or something else

پست تر

پست تر

[صفت]
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تعریف و معنای "inferior"
segregation

the policy of separating a group of people from the rest based on racial, sexual, or religious grounds and discriminating against them

تبعیض (نژادی، جنسی و غیره)

تبعیض (نژادی، جنسی و غیره)

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تعریف و معنای "segregation"
homelessness

the fact or condition of not having a home

بی‌خانمانی, آوارگی

بی‌خانمانی, آوارگی

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "homelessness"
sexism

an unfair treatment based on the belief that one gender, particularly female, is weaker, less intelligent, or less important than the other

تبعیض جنسیتی, جنسیت‌زدگی

تبعیض جنسیتی, جنسیت‌زدگی

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "sexism"
racism

the unjust or violent behavior toward people because their race is different form one's own

نژادپرستی

نژادپرستی

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "racism"
alcoholism

a medical condition caused by drinking an excessive amounts of alcohol on a regular basis

الکلیسم, می‌بارگی

الکلیسم, می‌بارگی

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "alcoholism"
addiction

the inability to stop using or doing something, particularly something harmful or unhealthy

اعتیاد

اعتیاد

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تعریف و معنای "addiction"
demonstration

a display of support for or protest against something or someone by a march or public meeting

تظاهرات

تظاهرات

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "demonstration"
minority

a small group of people who differ in race, religion, etc. and are often mistreated by the society

اقلیت

اقلیت

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "minority"
prejudice

an unreasonable opinion or judgment based on dislike felt for a person, group, etc., particularly because of their race, sex, etc.

تبعیض, پیش‌داوری

تبعیض, پیش‌داوری

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "prejudice"
starvation

a situation where a person or animal dies or greatly suffers from having no food for a long time

گرسنگی, قحطی

گرسنگی, قحطی

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "starvation"
slum

(often plural) a very poor and overpopulated area of a city or town in which the houses are not in good condition

محله فقیرنشین

محله فقیرنشین

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تعریف و معنای "slum"
shelter

a place in which very poor people are provided with food and housing

گرمخانه

گرمخانه

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "shelter"
refugee

a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.

پناهنده, آواره

پناهنده, آواره

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "refugee"
community service

unpaid work done either as a form of punishment by a criminal or as a voluntary service by a citizen

خدمات اجتماعی, خدمات عمومی

خدمات اجتماعی, خدمات عمومی

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "community service"
social worker

someone who is employed to give advice to or provide help for those with family or financial problems

مددکار اجتماعی

مددکار اجتماعی

[اسم]
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تعریف و معنای "social worker"
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