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B2レベルの単語リスト - 戦争と平和

ここでは、B2レベルの学習者向けに準備された「武器」、「軍事」、「海軍」など、戦争と平和に関するいくつかの英語の単語を学びます。

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CEFR B2 Vocabulary
action
action
[名詞]

the act of fighting a war or battle

行動, 戦闘

行動, 戦闘

Ex: During the action, soldiers had to adapt quickly to changing conditions. 
advance
advance
[名詞]

a forward movement by soldiers

前進

前進

Ex: The troops made a swift advance toward the enemy lines. 
camp
camp
[名詞]

a military facility where troops are stationed for training or operational purposes

キャンプ, 駐屯地

キャンプ, 駐屯地

Ex: The soldiers returned to camp before sunset. 
military
military
[形容詞]

relating to soldiers or the armed forces

軍事的, 軍隊の

軍事的, 軍隊の

Ex: Military uniforms were stacked neatly in the supply room. 
air force
air force
[名詞]

the branch of the armed forces that operates in the air using fighter aircraft

空軍, 航空部隊

空軍, 航空部隊

Ex: The air force conducted a series of training exercises with their new fighter jets. 

空軍は新しい戦闘機で一連の訓練演習を行いました。

navy
navy
[名詞]

the branch of a country's armed forces that conducts military operations at sea

Ex: He joined the navy after finishing college. 
strategy
strategy
[名詞]

a field of military science that deals with the planning of an attack or defense

戦略, 計画

戦略, 計画

Ex: The general developed a comprehensive strategy to outmaneuver enemy forces during the conflict. 
arms
arms
[名詞]

weapons in general, especially those used by the military

武器, 軍備

武器, 軍備

Ex: The country invested heavily in modernizing its arms to enhance its military capabilities. 

その国は軍事能力を強化するために兵器の近代化に多額の投資を行った。

grenade
grenade
[名詞]

a small bomb that explodes in a few seconds, can be thrown by hand or fired from a gun

手榴弾, 爆発装置

手榴弾, 爆発装置

Ex: She watched as the grenade landed in the target area and exploded. 

彼女は手榴弾が目標地域に着弾し、爆発するのを見た。

handgun
handgun
[名詞]

a gun that can be used with one hand

ハンドガン, リボルバー

ハンドガン, リボルバー

Ex: The officer drew his handgun when he saw a potential threat. 

警官は潜在的な脅威を見たとき、彼の拳銃を引き抜いた。

mine
mine
[名詞]

a piece of military equipment that is put on or just under the ground or in the sea, which explodes when it is touched

地雷, 爆発装置

地雷, 爆発装置

Ex: They used metal detectors to locate any buried mines in the field. 
campaign
campaign
[名詞]

a series of operations carried out to achieve a certain military objective

作戦

作戦

Ex: The campaign's outcome significantly altered the balance of power in the area. 
to command
to command
[動詞]

to have authority over or be in charge of a unit in the army

指揮する, 統率する

指揮する, 統率する

Ex: In the heat of conflict, the captain commands attention, his decisive actions shaping the course of engagements with calculated precision. 
to desert
to desert
[動詞]

to leave the army, navy, etc. without permission or without fulfilling one's obligations

脱走する, 放棄する

脱走する, 放棄する

Ex: Many soldiers deserted their posts during the war, seeking safety elsewhere. 
to dominate
to dominate
[動詞]

to have the power to completely or partially control someone or something

支配する, 制圧する

支配する, 制圧する

Ex: The dictator sought to dominate the country through fear and oppression. 
to invade
to invade
[動詞]

to enter a territory using armed forces in order to occupy or take control of it

侵略する, 軍事占領する

侵略する, 軍事占領する

Ex: The army decided to invade the neighboring country to secure vital resources. 

軍隊は重要な資源を確保するために隣国を侵略することを決めた。

to recruit
to recruit
[動詞]

to persuade or enlist people to serve in the armed forces

徴兵する

徴兵する

Ex: The army launched a campaign to recruit more soldiers. 
to strike
to strike
[動詞]

to hit using hands or weapons

打つ, 叩く

打つ, 叩く

Ex: In a fit of rage, he struck the table with his fist, causing it to shake. 
gunfight
gunfight
[名詞]

a fight in which two or more individuals or groups use guns

銃撃戦,  銃撃

銃撃戦, 銃撃

Ex: The gunfight erupted suddenly in the streets, causing panic among bystanders. 

銃撃戦が突然路上で勃発し、傍観者にパニックを引き起こした。

armed
armed
[形容詞]

equipped with weapons or firearms

武装した, 武器を装備した

武装した, 武器を装備した

Ex: The armed soldiers stood guard at the entrance to the military base. 

武装した兵士たちが軍事基地の入り口で警護に立っていた。

civil
civil
[形容詞]

involving ordinary people who are not part of the armed forces

民間の, 市民の

民間の, 市民の

Ex: Efforts to rebuild civil infrastructure, such as schools and hospitals, are essential after the war ends. 

戦争終結後、学校や病院などの民間インフラを再建する努力が不可欠です。

occupied
occupied
[形容詞]

(of a city, country, etc.) captured and under the control, authority, or presence of foreign military forces or other entities

占領された, 占領下にある

占領された, 占領下にある

Ex: Citizens in the occupied territory protested against the presence of foreign troops. 

占領された領土の市民は、外国軍の存在に抗議しました。

parade
parade
[名詞]

a formal military ceremony in which troops march or assemble for inspection or display

パレード

パレード

Ex: The president attended a military parade in the capital. 
prisoner of war

someone who is captured by the enemy during a war

Ex: Captured soldiers may face challenges reintegrating into society after being a prisoner of war. 
rank
rank
[名詞]

members of the armed forces involving those who have a lower position

階級, ランク

階級, ランク

Ex: Communication between ranks is vital for operational success in military missions. 
refugee
refugee
[名詞]

a person forced to leave their country or home to escape war, persecution, or serious danger

難民,  亡命者

難民, 亡命者

Ex: The family crossed the border as refugees after fighting reached their town. 
volunteer
volunteer
[名詞]

someone who enlists in the armed forces without being forced

ボランティア, 志願兵

ボランティア, 志願兵

Ex: The process of becoming a military volunteer typically involves an application and screening. 
service
service
[名詞]

a division of the armed forces such as the army, navy, air force, or marines, that performs specific duties and missions

サービス

サービス

Ex: They come from a service family with generations serving in the armed forces. 
tank
tank
[名詞]

a heavily armored military vehicle with tracks and a large gun, used in ground combat

戦車

戦車

Ex: Armored tanks are essential in modern warfare for their ability to withstand enemy fire. 
warship
warship
[名詞]

a ship that is made for war and has weapons

軍艦, 戦艦

軍艦, 戦艦

Ex: The navy deployed a new warship to strengthen its maritime security. 

海軍は海上安全保障を強化するために新しい軍艦を配備した。

war crime
war crime
[名詞]

an inhuman act that is done during a war, which is against the rules of war

戦争犯罪, 戦時中の非人道的行為

戦争犯罪, 戦時中の非人道的行為

Ex: Evidence was presented to support the charges of war crimes against the military leaders. 

軍の指導者に対する戦争犯罪の告発を裏付ける証拠が提出された。

nuclear submarine

a ship moving above and below the sea, which is powered by nuclear energy and is usually armed with weapons such as missile

原子力潜水艦, 核潜水艦

原子力潜水艦, 核潜水艦

Ex: Many countries maintain a fleet of nuclear submarines as part of their defense forces. 

多くの国が国防力の一部として原子力潜水艦の艦隊を維持している。

target
target
[名詞]

a person, building, or area marked to be attacked

標的, ターゲット

標的, ターゲット

Ex: She was shocked to learn that the building was a target of the attack. 
to wreck
to wreck
[動詞]

to damage or destroy something severely

破壊する, 台無しにする

破壊する, 台無しにする

Ex: The storm had the power to wreck houses along the coast. 

その嵐は海岸沿いの家を破壊する力を持っていた。

spoil
spoil
[名詞]

property or valuables taken by force, especially in war

戦利品,  略奪品

戦利品, 略奪品

Ex: The soldiers divided the spoils after capturing the city. 
to wound
to wound
[動詞]

to cause physical harm or injury to someone

傷つける, けがを負わせる

傷つける, けがを負わせる

Ex: The cat, feeling threatened, scratched and wounded the intruding dog. 
ground-to-air missile

a missile aimed at an aircraft from the ground or a ship

地対空ミサイル, 表面対空ミサイル

地対空ミサイル, 表面対空ミサイル

Ex: During the conflict, ground-to-air missiles were used to intercept hostile drones. 

紛争中、敵対するドローンを迎撃するために地対空ミサイルが使用されました。

air-to-ground missile

a missile that is aimed from an aircraft at a surface on the ground or sea

空対地ミサイル, 空対表面ミサイル

空対地ミサイル, 空対表面ミサイル

Ex: Pilots must undergo extensive training to effectively deploy air-to-ground missiles during missions. 

パイロットは任務中に空対地ミサイルを効果的に展開するために広範な訓練を受けなければなりません。

brass knuckles

a metal weapon that is consisted of a group of connected rings, which is worn on one's fingers in order to hit someone with

ナックルダスター, ブラスナックル

ナックルダスター, ブラスナックル

Ex: Using brass knuckles in a fight can lead to severe legal consequences. 

喧嘩でナックルダスターを使用すると、深刻な法的結果を招く可能性があります。

dogfight
dogfight
[名詞]

an aerial combat in which two or more fighter aircraft are engaged

空中戦, ドッグファイト

空中戦, ドッグファイト

Ex: Modern dogfights may involve advanced technology, but the fundamental tactics remain similar to those used in the past. 

現代の空中戦は高度な技術を伴うかもしれませんが、基本的な戦術は過去に使用されたものと似たままです。

marine
marine
[名詞]

a member of a military force specially trained to fight on land and at sea

海兵隊員,  マリーン

海兵隊員, マリーン

Ex: James served as a marine for eight years. 
to gun down
to gun down
[動詞]

to seriously injure or kill a person by shooting them, particularly someone who is defenseless

銃撃して人を重傷または死亡させる, 特に無防備な人を銃撃する

銃撃して人を重傷または死亡させる, 特に無防備な人を銃撃する

Ex: The assailant attempted to gun down his target in a crowded market. 

襲撃者は混雑した市場で標的を銃撃しようとした。

United States Marine Corps

an armed force of the United States trained for conducting specific military operations such as fighting from the sea

Ex: The Marine Corps has a unique culture and traditions that foster camaraderie among its members. 
sidearm
sidearm
[名詞]

a weapon, such as a gun or knife, that is carried on the side of the body

サイドアーム, 拳銃

サイドアーム, 拳銃

Ex: The detective always had his sidearm within reach while investigating potentially dangerous situations. 

探偵は潜在的に危険な状況を調査する際、常に携帯武器を手の届く範囲に置いていた。

bulletproof
bulletproof
[形容詞]

built in a way that does not let through any bullets or other projectiles

防弾, 防弾仕様の

防弾, 防弾仕様の

Ex: The bulletproof vest saved the officer's life during the shootout. 

防弾チョッキは銃撃戦の間、警官の命を救った。

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