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Lista Słówek Poziomu C2 - Astronomy

Tutaj nauczysz się wszystkich najważniejszych słów potrzebnych do rozmowy o astronomii, zebranych specjalnie dla uczniów na poziomie C2.

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
kuiper belt
[Rzeczownik]

a region beyond Neptune in the solar system containing icy objects like dwarf planets, asteroids, and comets

pas Kuipera, pierścień Kuipera

pas Kuipera, pierścień Kuipera

Ex: Ongoing research aims to identify and characterize more objects within the Kuiper Belt to enhance our knowledge of the outer solar system.
quasar
[Rzeczownik]

a highly energetic celestial object emitting powerful radiation from the center of a galaxy, often associated with a supermassive black hole

kwazar, quasar

kwazar, quasar

Ex: Researchers study the variability quasar brightness to gain insights into their dynamics .
oort cloud
[Rzeczownik]

a distant, hypothetical region surrounding the solar system, thought to harbor icy bodies and comets

chmura Oorta, obłok Oorta

chmura Oorta, obłok Oorta

Ex: The Oort Cloud is a key component in models of solar system formation and dynamics, influencing the distribution of comets in our cosmic neighborhood.
corona
[Rzeczownik]

the outer layer of the Sun's atmosphere, observable as a plasma halo during a solar eclipse

korona, korona słoneczna

korona, korona słoneczna

Ex: corona's magnetic fields contribute to the formation of solar prominences and eruptions .
ecliptic
[Rzeczownik]

the apparent path that the Sun traces in the sky over the course of a year, which is also the plane of the Earth's orbit around the Sun

ekliptyka, tory słoneczne

ekliptyka, tory słoneczne

Ex: During a solar eclipse, the Moon crosses the ecliptic plane, aligning with the Sun and Earth.
parallax
[Rzeczownik]

the apparent displacement or difference in the apparent position of an object when viewed along two different lines of sight, often used in astronomy to measure the distance of nearby stars

paralaksa, przesunięcie pozorne

paralaksa, przesunięcie pozorne

Ex: Astronomers use parallax method to estimate the distances to nearby galaxies , enhancing our understanding of the vastness of the universe .
pulsar
[Rzeczownik]

a highly magnetized, rotating neutron star that emits beams of electromagnetic radiation from its magnetic poles

pulsar, pulsar neutronowy

pulsar, pulsar neutronowy

Ex: Scientists pulsars as natural laboratories to study extreme physical conditions , such as strong magnetic fields and high rotation rates .
astronomical unit
[Rzeczownik]

a unit of measurement equal to the average distance between the Earth and the Sun, approximately 149.6 million kilometers

jednostka astronomiczna, au (jednostka astronomiczna)

jednostka astronomiczna, au (jednostka astronomiczna)

Ex: astronomical unit the average distance from Earth to the Sun .
parsec
[Rzeczownik]

a unit of astronomical distance equivalent to about 3.26 light-years

parsek, jeden parsek

parsek, jeden parsek

Ex: Parsec provides a convenient scale for discussing interstellar and intergalactic distances.
cosmic ray
[Rzeczownik]

a high-energy particle, mainly originating from outside the Solar System, that travels through space at nearly the speed of light

promieniowanie kosmiczne, cząstka kosmiczna

promieniowanie kosmiczne, cząstka kosmiczna

Ex: Astronomers cosmic rays to understand the processes in distant regions of the universe .

(cosmology) the faint glow of radiation spreading through the universe, believed to be residual radiation from the Big Bang

kosmiczne tło mikrofalowe, mikrofale tła kosmicznego

kosmiczne tło mikrofalowe, mikrofale tła kosmicznego

Ex: Studying fluctuations in CMB reveals insights into cosmic structure formation.
nebular hypothesis
[Rzeczownik]

(cosmology) a theory proposing that the solar system formed from a rotating nebula of gas and dust about 4.6 billion years ago

hipoteza mgławicowa, teoria mgławicowa

hipoteza mgławicowa, teoria mgławicowa

Ex: nebular hypothesis is one of the leading theories of solar system formation .
Hubble constant
[Rzeczownik]

(cosmology) a measure of the rate at which the universe is expanding, determined from the observation of distant galaxies' recession velocities

stała Hubble'a, stała Hubble'a dotycząca ekspansji wszechświata

stała Hubble'a, stała Hubble'a dotycząca ekspansji wszechświata

Ex: Precise measurements of Hubble constant are crucial for cosmological models .

the matter and radiation that exists in the space between stars within a galaxy

medium międzygwiezdne, materia międzygwiezdna

medium międzygwiezdne, materia międzygwiezdna

Ex: Astronomers study interstellar medium to understand cosmic evolution .
heliosphere
[Rzeczownik]

the space surrounding the Sun dominated by solar wind

heliosfera, strefa heliosfery

heliosfera, strefa heliosfery

Ex: The shape of the heliosphere resembles a teardrop.
cosmic dust
[Rzeczownik]

very small particles originally derived from stars, serving as raw material for forming planets, and existing between galaxies, stars, and other celestial bodies

pył kosmiczny, kosmiczny pył

pył kosmiczny, kosmiczny pył

Ex: Cosmic dust can be detected using various methods , including infrared and microwave observations , which reveal its presence and composition across different regions of the universe .
meteoroid
[Rzeczownik]

a small celestial body that becomes visible as a meteor upon entrance into the atmosphere of the earth

meteoroid, meteoryt (w kontekście przejścia przez atmosferę)

meteoroid, meteoryt (w kontekście przejścia przez atmosferę)

Ex: The study meteoroids provides valuable insights into the composition and dynamics of our solar system , as well as the potential hazards they pose to spacecraft and Earth .
inflation
[Rzeczownik]

(cosmology) the rapid expansion of the universe following the Big Bang

inflacja, rozwój inflacyjny

inflacja, rozwój inflacyjny

Ex: inflation is crucial for comprehending the universe 's evolution .
magnetic storm
[Rzeczownik]

a disruption in earth's magnetic field caused by solar activity, resulting in variations that can impact electronic systems and communications on earth

burza magnetyczna, szkwał geomagnetyczny

burza magnetyczna, szkwał geomagnetyczny

Ex: Scientists magnetic storms closely to better understand their effects on Earth 's technology and to develop strategies for mitigating potential disruptions .
aurora australis
[Rzeczownik]

the colored lights, mainly green and red, in the sky seen primarily near the southern magnetic pole

aurora australis, południowe światła

aurora australis, południowe światła

Ex: The aurora australis is a stunning phenomenon that has inspired artists, scientists, and adventurers throughout history, offering a glimpse of the Earth's connection to the wider cosmos.
aurora borealis
[Rzeczownik]

the colored lights, mainly green and red, in the sky seen primarily near the northern magnetic pole

aurora borealis, zorza polarna

aurora borealis, zorza polarna

Ex: aurora borealis has captivated people for centuries and continues to be a source of wonder and inspiration for astronomers , photographers , and travelers alike .
cosmogonic
[przymiotnik]

associated with the phenomena, processes, or theories related to the origin and formation of the universe or celestial bodies

kosmogoniczny, kosmogeniczny

kosmogoniczny, kosmogeniczny

Ex: The Big Bang theory is a cosmogonic model for the universe 's creation .

study of celestial objects outside the Milky Way galaxy

astronomia pozagalaktyczna, astronomia ekstragalaktyczna

astronomia pozagalaktyczna, astronomia ekstragalaktyczna

Ex: Extragalactic astronomy sheds light on cosmic evolution .
nebular
[przymiotnik]

relating to or resembling a nebula, which is a cloud of gas and dust in outer space

nebuliczny, nebularny

nebuliczny, nebularny

Ex: Nebular hypotheses propose various mechanisms for the formation of planetary systems.
sidereal
[przymiotnik]

relating to the stars or constellations, especially in terms of their positions relative to Earth

gwiezdny, sidelarny

gwiezdny, sidelarny

Ex: Sidereal charts plot the positions of celestial objects against the background of distant stars .
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