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C2级单词表 - Astronomy

在这里,您将学习所有谈论天文学的基本词汇,这些词汇是专为 C2 级学习者收集的。

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
kuiper belt
[名词]

a region beyond Neptune in the solar system containing icy objects like dwarf planets, asteroids, and comets

柯伊伯带, 库伊珀带

柯伊伯带, 库伊珀带

Ex: Ongoing research aims to identify and characterize more objects within the Kuiper Belt to enhance our knowledge of the outer solar system.
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quasar
[名词]

a highly energetic celestial object emitting powerful radiation from the center of a galaxy, often associated with a supermassive black hole

类星体, 类星物

类星体, 类星物

Ex: Researchers study the variability quasar brightness to gain insights into their dynamics .
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oort cloud
[名词]

a distant, hypothetical region surrounding the solar system, thought to harbor icy bodies and comets

奥尔特云, 乌尔特云

奥尔特云, 乌尔特云

Ex: The Oort Cloud is a key component in models of solar system formation and dynamics, influencing the distribution of comets in our cosmic neighborhood.
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corona
[名词]

the outer layer of the Sun's atmosphere, observable as a plasma halo during a solar eclipse

日冕, 阳光冠

日冕, 阳光冠

Ex: corona's magnetic fields contribute to the formation of solar prominences and eruptions .
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ecliptic
[名词]

the apparent path that the Sun traces in the sky over the course of a year, which is also the plane of the Earth's orbit around the Sun

黄道, 日环

黄道, 日环

Ex: During a solar eclipse, the Moon crosses the ecliptic plane, aligning with the Sun and Earth.
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parallax
[名词]

the apparent displacement or difference in the apparent position of an object when viewed along two different lines of sight, often used in astronomy to measure the distance of nearby stars

视差,  parallaxe

视差, parallaxe

Ex: Astronomers use parallax method to estimate the distances to nearby galaxies , enhancing our understanding of the vastness of the universe .
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pulsar
[名词]

a highly magnetized, rotating neutron star that emits beams of electromagnetic radiation from its magnetic poles

脉冲星, 脉搏星

脉冲星, 脉搏星

Ex: Scientists pulsars as natural laboratories to study extreme physical conditions , such as strong magnetic fields and high rotation rates .
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a unit of measurement equal to the average distance between the Earth and the Sun, approximately 149.6 million kilometers

天文单位, 天文测量单位

天文单位, 天文测量单位

Ex: astronomical unit the average distance from Earth to the Sun .
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parsec
[名词]

a unit of astronomical distance equivalent to about 3.26 light-years

秒差距, 天文单位

秒差距, 天文单位

Ex: Parsec provides a convenient scale for discussing interstellar and intergalactic distances.
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cosmic ray
[名词]

a high-energy particle, mainly originating from outside the Solar System, that travels through space at nearly the speed of light

宇宙射线, 宇宙光线

宇宙射线, 宇宙光线

Ex: Astronomers cosmic rays to understand the processes in distant regions of the universe .
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(cosmology) the faint glow of radiation spreading through the universe, believed to be residual radiation from the Big Bang

宇宙微波背景辐射, 宇宙微波背景

宇宙微波背景辐射, 宇宙微波背景

Ex: Studying fluctuations in CMB reveals insights into cosmic structure formation.
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(cosmology) a theory proposing that the solar system formed from a rotating nebula of gas and dust about 4.6 billion years ago

星云假说, 星云理论

星云假说, 星云理论

Ex: nebular hypothesis is one of the leading theories of solar system formation .
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(cosmology) a measure of the rate at which the universe is expanding, determined from the observation of distant galaxies' recession velocities

哈勃常数, 哈勃宇宙常数

哈勃常数, 哈勃宇宙常数

Ex: Precise measurements of Hubble constant are crucial for cosmological models .
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the matter and radiation that exists in the space between stars within a galaxy

星际介质, 星际物质

星际介质, 星际物质

Ex: Astronomers study interstellar medium to understand cosmic evolution .
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heliosphere
[名词]

the space surrounding the Sun dominated by solar wind

日球层, 太阳圈

日球层, 太阳圈

Ex: The shape of the heliosphere resembles a teardrop.
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cosmic dust
[名词]

very small particles originally derived from stars, serving as raw material for forming planets, and existing between galaxies, stars, and other celestial bodies

宇宙尘埃, 星际尘埃

宇宙尘埃, 星际尘埃

Ex: Cosmic dust can be detected using various methods , including infrared and microwave observations , which reveal its presence and composition across different regions of the universe .
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meteoroid
[名词]

a small celestial body that becomes visible as a meteor upon entrance into the atmosphere of the earth

流星体, 小行星

流星体, 小行星

Ex: The study meteoroids provides valuable insights into the composition and dynamics of our solar system , as well as the potential hazards they pose to spacecraft and Earth .
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inflation
[名词]

(cosmology) the rapid expansion of the universe following the Big Bang

膨胀, 宇宙膨胀

膨胀, 宇宙膨胀

Ex: inflation is crucial for comprehending the universe 's evolution .
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a disruption in earth's magnetic field caused by solar activity, resulting in variations that can impact electronic systems and communications on earth

磁暴, 磁风暴

磁暴, 磁风暴

Ex: Scientists magnetic storms closely to better understand their effects on Earth 's technology and to develop strategies for mitigating potential disruptions .
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the colored lights, mainly green and red, in the sky seen primarily near the southern magnetic pole

南极光, 南极极光

南极光, 南极极光

Ex: The aurora australis is a stunning phenomenon that has inspired artists, scientists, and adventurers throughout history, offering a glimpse of the Earth's connection to the wider cosmos.
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the colored lights, mainly green and red, in the sky seen primarily near the northern magnetic pole

北极光, 极光

北极光, 极光

Ex: aurora borealis has captivated people for centuries and continues to be a source of wonder and inspiration for astronomers , photographers , and travelers alike .
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cosmogonic
[形容词]

associated with the phenomena, processes, or theories related to the origin and formation of the universe or celestial bodies

宇宙起源的, 宇宙形成的

宇宙起源的, 宇宙形成的

Ex: The Big Bang theory is a cosmogonic model for the universe 's creation .
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study of celestial objects outside the Milky Way galaxy

星系外天文学, 银河外天文学

星系外天文学, 银河外天文学

Ex: Extragalactic astronomy sheds light on cosmic evolution .
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nebular
[形容词]

relating to or resembling a nebula, which is a cloud of gas and dust in outer space

星云的, 云雾状的

星云的, 云雾状的

Ex: Nebular hypotheses propose various mechanisms for the formation of planetary systems.
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sidereal
[形容词]

relating to the stars or constellations, especially in terms of their positions relative to Earth

恒星的, 星体的

恒星的, 星体的

Ex: Sidereal charts plot the positions of celestial objects against the background of distant stars .
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