Opinia i Argument - Tworzenie argumentu
Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów związanych z tworzeniem argumentu, takich jak "twierdzenie", "spornie" i "obronny".
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Fiszki
Pisownia
Test
(of an argument) directed against a person and not their point of view

ad hominem (argumentu) skierowanego przeciwko osobie, a nie jej punktowi widzenia
a part of a larger system or process, with its specific qualities determined by the preceding adjectives
a set of facts or information that can be used to win an argument against someone or to criticize them

amunicja, argumenty
used to introduce a statement that confirms or supports a previous point

w każdym razie, tak czy inaczej
a formal written defense used to justify one's beliefs or opinions

apologia, pisemna obrona
a situation in which a theory or argument cannot be true because two or more parts of it are contradictory

aporia, teoretyczny impas
(of an ideology or opinion) not certain and could be backed up by facts and reasons

dyskusyjny, wątpliwy
used to convey that a statement can be supported with reasons or evidence

niewątpliwie, prawdopodobnie
to provide reasons when saying something is the case, particularly to persuade others that one is right

argumentować, dyskutować
a reason or sets of reasons presented to show the correctness or falsehood of an action or idea

argument, rozumowanie
the process or action of logical reasoning for persuading others

argumentacja
(of a person) ready to argue and often arguing

kłótliwy, argumentacyjny
something that can be used as a basis for criticism or punishment of someone
used to introduce a second fact that must be taken into account
to keep repeating or stressing an idea, argument, etc., especially when it is unnecessary
to persuade a group of people to accept one's arguments by winning their support or sympathy

przekonywać, zyskiwać poparcie
a series of facts supporting a theory or an argument

przypadek, argument
the practice of unsound reasoning and falsely arguing questions in a clever way

kazuistyka, sofistyka
(of an argument or a theory) involving an idea or statement to prove something that is then used to prove the statement itself

kolisty
the fact of a theory or an argument continuously returning to the starting point, due to having a conclusion that has been assumed as a premise

cyrkularność, rozumowanie cyrkularne
to say that something is the case without providing proof for it

twierdzić, utrzymywać
a weakness in someone's character or argument that can be used against them
a statement about the truth of something without offering any verification or proof

twierdzenie, oświadczenie
to move to a different opinion or to admit to one's mistakes

schodzić, przyznać się do błędu
a fact, remark, or action that settles a dispute decisively

rozstrzygający argument, rozstrzygający dowód
to reluctantly admit that something is true after denying it first

przyznać, niechętnie przyznać
to prove something or someone wrong or false through evidence or argumentation

obalać, zaprzeczać
in a way that is always the same

konsekwentnie, systematycznie
to argue the truth of something

utrzymywać, bronić
a thing that is the direct or natural result of another

konsekwencja, wniosek
an opposing argument or viewpoint that challenges an idea or theory

kontrargument, przeciwny pogląd
an example or a fact that refutes or contradicts a theory, hypothesis, or a proposition

kontrprzykład, przykład przeciwny
able to be believed or relied on

wiarygodny, godny zaufania
the case that is a combination of collected facts and adopted methods presented by or on the behalf of the accused party so that they would be granted a judgment of acquittal

obrona, mowa obrończa
to support someone or try to justify an action, plan, etc.

bronić, wspierać
having a justifiable basis that can be supported or explained

obronny, uzasadniony
a method of uncovering the truth about something by comparing contradicting ideas and considering different theories

dialektyka, metoda dialektyczna
referring to the method of argumentation or discourse that involves the exchange of opposing ideas or viewpoints in order to reach a deeper understanding or resolution

dialektyczny, odnoszący się do dialektyki
to make something clear by emphasizing, or providing examples, proof, etc.
anything that proves the truth or possibility of something, such as facts, objects, or signs

dowód, świadectwo
to thoroughly defeat someone in an argument, a contest, etc.

zmiażdżyć, zniszczyć
to explain or describe something in detail, often in a formal or structured manner

rozwijać, szczegółowo opisywać
used to introduce the first point in the series, especially in arguments or when stating one's opinions, reasons, etc.
used to state the first and foremost of a series of facts, opinions, questions etc., especially in an argument
used to convey that what one is saying about something is also true for another related thing

nawiasem mówiąc, zresztą
used to introduce additional information

ponadto, co więcej
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