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Opinião e Argumento - Fazendo um Argumento

Aqui você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês relacionadas a fazer um argumento como "afirmação", "discutivelmente", e "defensável".

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Words Related to Opinion and Argument
ad hominem
ad hominem
[adjetivo]

(of an argument) directed against a person and not their point of view

ad hominem (de um argumento) dirigido contra uma pessoa e não contra o seu ponto de vista

ad hominem (de um argumento) dirigido contra uma pessoa e não contra o seu ponto de vista

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a link in the chain

a part of a larger system or process, with its specific qualities determined by the preceding adjectives

Ex: The experienced and dedicated team leader serves as the strongest link in the chain for project management, ensuring tasks are completed efficiently. 
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ammunition
ammunition
[substantivo]

a set of facts or information that can be used to win an argument against someone or to criticize them

munição, argumentos

munição, argumentos

Ex: The professor's lecture provided students with ammunition for their upcoming debate. 

A palestra do professor forneceu aos alunos munição para o próximo debate.

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anyway
anyway
[advérbio]

used to introduce a statement that confirms or supports a previous point

de qualquer forma,  de qualquer maneira

de qualquer forma, de qualquer maneira

Ex: The repair would cost too much, and the car is very old anyway. 
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apologia
apologia
[substantivo]

a formal written defense used to justify one's beliefs or opinions

apologia, defesa escrita

apologia, defesa escrita

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aporia
aporia
[substantivo]

a situation in which a theory or argument cannot be true because two or more parts of it are contradictory

aporía, beco sem saída teórico

aporía, beco sem saída teórico

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arguable
arguable
[adjetivo]

(of an ideology or opinion) not certain and could be backed up by facts and reasons

discutível, questionável

discutível, questionável

Ex: The team's chances of winning the tournament are arguable, depending on their upcoming matches. 

As chances da equipe de vencer o torneio são discutíveis, dependendo de seus próximos jogos.

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arguably
arguably
[advérbio]

used to convey that a statement can be supported with reasons or evidence

indiscutivelmente,  possivelmente

indiscutivelmente, possivelmente

Ex: Arguably, the recent changes to the city's infrastructure have contributed to a better quality of life for residents. 

Indiscutivelmente, as recentes mudanças na infraestrutura da cidade contribuíram para uma melhor qualidade de vida dos residentes.

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to argue
to argue
[verbo]

to provide reasons when saying something is the case, particularly to persuade others that one is right

argumentar, discutir

argumentar, discutir

Ex: The environmentalist argued for the preservation of the rainforest to protect biodiversity. 
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argument
argument
[substantivo]

a reason or sets of reasons presented to show the correctness or falsehood of an action or idea

argumento,  raciocínio

argumento, raciocínio

Ex: He failed to provide a clear argument for his decision. 
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argumentation
argumentation
[substantivo]

the process or action of logical reasoning for persuading others

argumentação

argumentação

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argumentative
argumentative
[adjetivo]

(of a person) ready to argue and often arguing

argumentativo,  discutidor

argumentativo, discutidor

Ex: Despite his argumentative tendencies, he was respected for his critical thinking skills. 

Apesar de suas tendências argumentativas, ele era respeitado por suas habilidades de pensamento crítico.

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a stick to beat {sb/sth} with

something that can be used as a basis for criticism or punishment of someone

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at the same time

used to introduce a second fact that must be taken into account

Ex: The novel was praised for its prose.  At the same time, its pacing drew criticism. 
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to belabor the point

to keep repeating or stressing an idea, argument, etc., especially when it is unnecessary

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to [be] on (firm|solid) ground

to be in a strong position in an argument due to having all the facts

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by extension

used for taking the situation or same line of argument one step further

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to carry
to carry
[verbo]

to persuade a group of people to accept one's arguments by winning their support or sympathy

convencer, ganhar o apoio

convencer, ganhar o apoio

Ex: The community leader's passionate speech was able to carry the residents. 
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case
case
[substantivo]

a series of facts supporting a theory or an argument

caso, argumento

caso, argumento

Ex: She made a convincing case for changing the policy. 
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casuistry
casuistry
[substantivo]

the practice of unsound reasoning and falsely arguing questions in a clever way

casuística, sofisma

casuística, sofisma

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circular
circular
[adjetivo]

using a conclusion as part of the reasoning intended to prove that same conclusion

circular, vicioso

circular, vicioso

Ex: The article was criticized for using circular logic to support its main claim. 
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circularity
circularity
[substantivo]

the fact of a theory or an argument continuously returning to the starting point, due to having a conclusion that has been assumed as a premise

circularidade, raciocínio circular

circularidade, raciocínio circular

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to claim
to claim
[verbo]

to say that something is the case without providing proof for it

afirmar, alegar

afirmar, alegar

Ex: Yesterday, the politician confidently claimed that the opposition's policies were harmful. 
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chink in {one's} armor

‌a weakness in someone's character or argument that can be used against them

ponto fraco, brecha

ponto fraco, brecha

Ex: Every strong plan has at least one chink in its armor. 

Todo plano forte tem pelo menos um ponto fraco.

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claim
claim
[substantivo]

a statement about the truth of something without offering any verification or proof

afirmação, alegação

afirmação, alegação

Ex: She made a claim that the painting was an original Van Gogh, but she couldn't prove it. 
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to climb down

to move to a different opinion or to admit to one's mistakes

descer, admitir o erro

descer, admitir o erro

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clincher
clincher
[substantivo]

a fact, remark, or action that settles a dispute decisively

argumento decisivo, prova conclusiva

argumento decisivo, prova conclusiva

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to concede
to concede
[verbo]

to admit, often reluctantly, that something is true or correct

Ex: "Perhaps I was too harsh," Emma conceded. 
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to confute
to confute
[verbo]

to prove something or someone wrong or false through evidence or argumentation

refutar, desmentir

refutar, desmentir

Ex: I will confute any doubts about my research findings. 

Vou refutar quaisquer dúvidas sobre os resultados da minha pesquisa.

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consistently
consistently
[advérbio]

in a way that is always the same

consistentemente,  sistematicamente

consistentemente, sistematicamente

Ex: The weather in this region is consistently sunny during the summer. 

O clima nesta região é constantemente ensolarado durante o verão.

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to contend
to contend
[verbo]

to argue the truth of something

sustentar, afirmar

sustentar, afirmar

Ex: The politician contended that economic reforms would lead to greater prosperity for all citizens. 

O político argumentou que as reformas econômicas levariam a uma maior prosperidade para todos os cidadãos.

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corollary
corollary
[substantivo]

a thing that is the direct or natural result of another

corolário, consequência

corolário, consequência

Ex: The high demand for the product had a corollary of rising prices. 

A alta demanda pelo produto teve um corolário de aumento de preços.

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count
count
[substantivo]

an individual argument, allegation, or item under discussion in reasoning or debate

acusação, denúncia

acusação, denúncia

Ex: Each count in the contract was carefully reviewed. 
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counterargument
counterargument
[substantivo]

an opposing argument or viewpoint that challenges an idea or theory

contra-argumento, argumento oposto

contra-argumento, argumento oposto

Ex: The professor encouraged students to consider counterarguments to develop a more comprehensive understanding of the topic. 

O professor incentivou os alunos a considerarem contra-argumentos para desenvolver uma compreensão mais abrangente do tópico.

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counterexample
counterexample
[substantivo]

an example or a fact that refutes or contradicts a theory, hypothesis, or a proposition

contraexemplo, exemplo contrário

contraexemplo, exemplo contrário

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credible
credible
[adjetivo]

able to be believed or relied on

crível, confiável

crível, confiável

Ex: The expert's testimony was considered credible due to his extensive experience and qualifications in the field. 

O testemunho do especialista foi considerado credível devido à sua extensa experiência e qualificações no campo.

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defense
defense
[substantivo]

a legal case or argument presented by the accused to deny guilt and seek acquittal

defesa, alegação

defesa, alegação

Ex: Witnesses were called to support the defense. 
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to defend
to defend
[verbo]

to support someone or try to justify an action, plan, etc.

defender, apoiar

defender, apoiar

Ex: He had to defend his business decisions during the board meeting. 
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defensible
defensible
[adjetivo]

having a justifiable basis that can be supported or explained

defensável, justificável

defensável, justificável

Ex: His actions were defensible in light of the evidence presented. 

Suas ações eram defensáveis à luz das evidências apresentadas.

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dialectic
dialectic
[substantivo]

a structured method of reasoning in which truth is reached through the systematic exchange of logical arguments

dialética, método dialético

dialética, método dialético

Ex: Debates in the seminar followed a strict dialectic format. 

Os debates no seminário seguiram um formato dialético rigoroso.

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dialectical
dialectical
[adjetivo]

referring to the method of argumentation or discourse that involves the exchange of opposing ideas or viewpoints in order to reach a deeper understanding or resolution

dialético, relativo à dialética

dialético, relativo à dialética

Ex: Dialectical thinking encourages individuals to consider multiple perspectives and challenge their own assumptions. 

O pensamento dialético incentiva os indivíduos a considerar múltiplas perspectivas e desafiar suas próprias suposições.

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to [drive] {sth} home

to make a point unmistakably clear by stressing it, providing proof, or using examples

Ex: She drove home the significance of saving energy with charts and graphs. 
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evidence
evidence
[substantivo]

anything that proves the truth or possibility of something, such as facts, objects, or signs

prova, evidência

prova, evidência

Ex: Before drawing conclusions, it's important to carefully evaluate all available evidence and consider alternative explanations. 
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to flatten
to flatten
[verbo]

to thoroughly defeat someone in an argument, a contest, etc.

esmagar, destruir

esmagar, destruir

Ex: In the sales pitch, he flattened the competition with his compelling presentation and persuasive sales tactics. 

No discurso de vendas, ele arrasou a concorrência com sua apresentação convincente e táticas de vendas persuasivas.

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to flesh out

to explain or describe something in detail, often in a formal or structured manner

desenvolver, elaborar

desenvolver, elaborar

Ex: The researcher exposit the methodology used in the study to ensure clarity. 

O pesquisador detalha a metodologia utilizada no estudo para garantir clareza.

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for a start

used to introduce the first point in the series, especially in arguments or when stating one's opinions, reasons, etc.

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for starters

used to state the first and foremost of a series of facts, opinions, questions etc., especially in an argument

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for that matter
for that matter
[advérbio]

used to convey that what one is saying about something is also true for another related thing

aliás, por sinal

aliás, por sinal

Ex: They didn't follow celebrity news or political updates, or any kind of current events, for that matter. 

Eles não acompanhavam notícias de celebridades ou atualizações políticas, ou qualquer tipo de evento atual, aliás.

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furthermore
furthermore
[advérbio]

used to introduce additional information

além disso, ademais

além disso, ademais

Ex: Jack's leadership inspires success and adaptability; furthermore, his vision drives the project forward. 

A liderança de Jack inspira sucesso e adaptabilidade; além disso, sua visão impulsiona o projeto.

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