الرأي والحجة - صنع حجة

(of an argument) directed against a person and not their point of view

إعلان إنساني

a part of a larger system or process, with its specific qualities determined by the preceding adjectives

رابط في السلسلة

a set of facts or information that can be used to win an argument against someone or to criticize them

ذخيرة

used to introduce a statement that confirms or supports a previous point

على أي حال

a formal written defense used to justify one's beliefs or opinions

دفاع

a situation in which a theory or argument cannot be true because two or more parts of it are contradictory

aporia

(of an ideology or opinion) not certain and could be backed up by facts and reasons

قابل للنقاش

used to convey that a statement can be supported with reasons or evidence

من المحتمل

to provide reasons when saying something is the case, particularly to persuade others that one is right

a reason or sets of reasons presented to show the correctness or falsehood of an action or idea

the process or action of logical reasoning for persuading others

مناقشة

(of a person) ready to argue and often arguing

جدلية

something that can be used as a basis for criticism or punishment of someone

عصا لضرب شخص ما أو شيء ما

used to introduce a second fact that must be taken into account

في أثناء

to keep repeating or stressing an idea, argument, etc., especially when it is unnecessary

تفصيل هذه النقطة

to be in a strong position in an argument due to having all the facts

يكون على أرض ثابتة

used for taking the situation or same line of argument one step further

بصورة موسعة

to persuade a group of people to accept one's arguments by winning their support or sympathy

حمل

a series of facts supporting a theory or an argument

منطق

the practice of unsound reasoning and falsely arguing questions in a clever way

الإفتاء في قضايا الضمير

(of an argument or a theory) involving an idea or statement to prove something that is then used to prove the statement itself

دائري

the fact of a theory or an argument continuously returning to the starting point, due to having a conclusion that has been assumed as a premise

دائرية

to say that something is the case without providing proof for it

الاعتقاد بأن شيئا ما صحيح

‌a weakness in someone's character or argument that can be used against them

ضعف

a statement about the truth of something without offering any verification or proof

مطالبة

to move to a different opinion or to admit to one's mistakes

a fact, remark, or action that settles a dispute decisively

الفاصلة

to reluctantly admit that something is true after denying it first

اعترف

to prove something or someone wrong or false through evidence or argumentation

دحض

in a way that is always the same

باستمرار

to argue the truth of something

تنافس

a thing that is the direct or natural result of another

اللازمة

a point argued or discussed

عد

an opposing argument or viewpoint that challenges an idea or theory

حجة مضادة

an example or a fact that refutes or contradicts a theory, hypothesis, or a proposition

مكافحة المثال

able to be believed or relied on

معقول

the case that is a combination of collected facts and adopted methods presented by or on the behalf of the accused party so that they would be granted a judgment of acquittal

دفاع

to support someone or try to justify an action, plan, etc.

دعم شخص ما

capable of being easily supported by arguments or adequately justified by reasoning

يمكن الدفاع عنه

a method of uncovering the truth about something by comparing contradicting ideas and considering different theories

جدلية

referring to the method of argumentation or discourse that involves the exchange of opposing ideas or viewpoints in order to reach a deeper understanding or resolution

جدلي

to make something clear by emphasizing, or providing examples, proof, etc.

قيادة شيء إلى المنزل

anything that proves the truth or possibility of something, such as facts, objects, or signs

دليل

to thoroughly defeat someone in an argument, a contest, etc.

تسطح

to make something more clear by providing more details and information

تجسيد

used to introduce the first point in the series, especially in arguments or when stating one's opinions, reasons, etc.

لبداية

used to state the first and foremost of a series of facts, opinions, questions etc., especially in an argument

للمبتدئين

used to convey that what one is saying about something is also true for another related thing

على نفس المنوال

used to introduce additional information

بالإضافة إلى