الرأي والحجة - صنع حجة

(of an argument) directed against a person and not their point of view

أد هومينيم

a part of a larger system or process, with its specific qualities determined by the preceding adjectives

a set of facts or information that can be used to win an argument against someone or to criticize them

ذخيرة

used to introduce a statement that confirms or supports a previous point

على أي حال

a formal written defense used to justify one's beliefs or opinions

اعتذار

a situation in which a theory or argument cannot be true because two or more parts of it are contradictory

الأبوريا

(of an ideology or opinion) not certain and could be backed up by facts and reasons

قابل للنقاش

used to convey that a statement can be supported with reasons or evidence

من المحتمل

to provide reasons when saying something is the case, particularly to persuade others that one is right

يجادل

a reason or sets of reasons presented to show the correctness or falsehood of an action or idea

حجة

the process or action of logical reasoning for persuading others

حجة

(of a person) ready to argue and often arguing

جدلي

something that can be used as a basis for criticism or punishment of someone

used to introduce a second fact that must be taken into account

to keep repeating or stressing an idea, argument, etc., especially when it is unnecessary

to be in a strong position in an argument due to having all the facts

used for taking the situation or same line of argument one step further

to persuade a group of people to accept one's arguments by winning their support or sympathy

نقل

a series of facts supporting a theory or an argument

قضية

the practice of unsound reasoning and falsely arguing questions in a clever way

الفكر الاستثنائي

(of an argument or a theory) involving an idea or statement to prove something that is then used to prove the statement itself

دائري

the fact of a theory or an argument continuously returning to the starting point, due to having a conclusion that has been assumed as a premise

دائرية

to say that something is the case without providing proof for it

يدعي

‌a weakness in someone's character or argument that can be used against them

a statement about the truth of something without offering any verification or proof

ادعاء

to move to a different opinion or to admit to one's mistakes

الرجوع عن رأي

a fact, remark, or action that settles a dispute decisively

عامل حاسم

to reluctantly admit that something is true after denying it first

يقبل

to prove something or someone wrong or false through evidence or argumentation

دحض

in a way that is always the same

بشكل ثابت

to argue the truth of something

يجادل

a thing that is the direct or natural result of another

نتيجة

a point argued or discussed

نقطة نقاش

an opposing argument or viewpoint that challenges an idea or theory

الحجة المضادة

an example or a fact that refutes or contradicts a theory, hypothesis, or a proposition

مثال مضاد

able to be believed or relied on

موثوق

the case that is a combination of collected facts and adopted methods presented by or on the behalf of the accused party so that they would be granted a judgment of acquittal

الدفاع

to support someone or try to justify an action, plan, etc.

يدافع

capable of being easily supported by arguments or adequately justified by reasoning

قابل للدفاع

a method of uncovering the truth about something by comparing contradicting ideas and considering different theories

جدلية

referring to the method of argumentation or discourse that involves the exchange of opposing ideas or viewpoints in order to reach a deeper understanding or resolution

جدلي

to make something clear by emphasizing, or providing examples, proof, etc.

anything that proves the truth or possibility of something, such as facts, objects, or signs

دليل

to thoroughly defeat someone in an argument, a contest, etc.

سحق

to make something more clear by providing more details and information

تطوير

used to introduce the first point in the series, especially in arguments or when stating one's opinions, reasons, etc.

used to state the first and foremost of a series of facts, opinions, questions etc., especially in an argument

used to convey that what one is saying about something is also true for another related thing

بهذا المعنى

used to introduce additional information

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