Продвинутый Словарный Запас для TOEFL - Компьютерный мир

the non-physical space in which communication over computer networks takes place

киберпространство

relating to or using signals in which information is represented through constant changing of physical quantities

аналоговый

based on or using a numerical system that operates only on 0 and 1

двоичный

(computing) to move important information or information that is not often needed to a different disk, tape, or another computer to store it, sometimes as a security measure

архивировать

(computing) a copy of computer data that can be used to restore lost or damaged data

резервная копия

the symbol (\), used in some computer commands

обратная косая черта

(in a computer, phone, etc.) a key on the keyboard used to erase the last letter or go backward

клавиша

each of the several keys at the top of a computer keyboard marked with (F) and a number that make the computer perform particular operations

функциональная клавиша

to start a computer, typically involves setting up hardware elements to prepare the computer for use

загружаться

a computer program that automatically performs tasks over the internet

бот

(computing) a type of computer memory in which information that is often in use can be stored temporarily, a cache can be accessed quickly and is needed while a program is running

кэш, кэш-память

(computing) a temporary storage area for data that has been copied or cut

буфер обмена

a unit for measuring the size of computer data that equals 8 bits

байт

(in electronic devices such as computers, etc.) the main printed circuit board that makes it possible for all the parts of a computer to communicate

материнская плата

belonging, relating to, or controlled by the main circuit board of a computer

бортовой

the smallest unit of an image on the screen that collectively can form a whole image

пиксель

a device that allows the computer to read the data on a computer disk and transfer data to or from it

дисковод

a software that controls the interaction between a computer and another equipment, such as a printer or scanner

драйвер

the speed at which a computer can process information, expressed in (MHz)

тактовая частота

(computing) a type of software stored in a way that it cannot be modified or erased

микропрограммное обеспечение

a software designed to disrupt or damage the computer without the user knowing

вредоносная программа

the ability of a computer, software, or equipment to work with another device or software

совместимость

the set-up, hardware, and software of a computer that makes a complete system

конфигурация

(computing) to detect and remove faults in a software

отлаживать

(computing) to prepare a storage device, such as a hard drive or USB, for use by deleting all the data on it and setting it up for a specific file system

форматировать

a part of a computer responsible for storing and controlling data where users cannot easily access

серверная часть

a part of a computer that is easily accessible and one uses constantly

внешний интерфейс

(computing) the program through which a user can interact with a computer, especially its design and appearance

интерфейс

an adjustment of the codes of a computer program that solves a problem in a quick way

взлом

to transform data into a coded form

зашифровать

to convert data or information into a coded form, mainly to prevent unauthorized access

зашифровать

describing the constant passage of data between a computer or other device and a user

интерактивный

(computing) to cancel an operation or to turn off the computer automatically because a predefined interval of time has passed without a certain event happening

тайм-аут

(computing) describing a computer program whose source code is available to everyone

открытый исходный код

a network for communication between computers, usually within a building

локальная сеть

an electronic device that uses telephone lines to send and receive data between two computers

модем

the visual interaction that users have with the computer through icons, menus, etc.

ГИП

the part of a computer where operations are controlled and executed

центральный процессор, ЦП (центральный процессор)

an electronic device that connects computer networks and sends data between networks

маршрутизатор