Vocabolario Avanzato per il TOEFL - Il mondo dei computer

the non-physical space in which communication over computer networks takes place

cyberspazio

relating to or using signals in which information is represented through constant changing of physical quantities

analogico

based on or using a numerical system that operates only on 0 and 1

binario

(computing) to move important information or information that is not often needed to a different disk, tape, or another computer to store it, sometimes as a security measure

archiviare

(computing) a copy of computer data that can be used to restore lost or damaged data

backup

the symbol (\), used in some computer commands

barra inversa

(in a computer, phone, etc.) a key on the keyboard used to erase the last letter or go backward

backspace

each of the several keys at the top of a computer keyboard marked with (F) and a number that make the computer perform particular operations

tasto funzione

to start a computer, typically involves setting up hardware elements to prepare the computer for use

avviare

a computer program that automatically performs tasks over the internet

bot

(computing) a type of computer memory in which information that is often in use can be stored temporarily, a cache can be accessed quickly and is needed while a program is running

memoria cache

(computing) a temporary storage area for data that has been copied or cut

blocco per appunti

a unit for measuring the size of computer data that equals 8 bits

byte

(in electronic devices such as computers, etc.) the main printed circuit board that makes it possible for all the parts of a computer to communicate

Motherboard

belonging, relating to, or controlled by the main circuit board of a computer

a bordo

the smallest unit of an image on the screen that collectively can form a whole image

pixel

a device that allows the computer to read the data on a computer disk and transfer data to or from it

disco

a software that controls the interaction between a computer and another equipment, such as a printer or scanner

conducente

the speed at which a computer can process information, expressed in (MHz)

velocità di clock

(computing) a type of software stored in a way that it cannot be modified or erased

microprogramma

a software designed to disrupt or damage the computer without the user knowing

virus, malware

the ability of a computer, software, or equipment to work with another device or software

compatibilità

the set-up, hardware, and software of a computer that makes a complete system

configurazione

(computing) to detect and remove faults in a software

eseguire il debug

(computing) to prepare a storage device, such as a hard drive or USB, for use by deleting all the data on it and setting it up for a specific file system

formato

a part of a computer responsible for storing and controlling data where users cannot easily access

estremità posteriore

a part of a computer that is easily accessible and one uses constantly

estremità anteriore

(computing) the program through which a user can interact with a computer, especially its design and appearance

interfaccia

an adjustment of the codes of a computer program that solves a problem in a quick way

hack

to transform data into a coded form

codificare

to convert data or information into a coded form, mainly to prevent unauthorized access

crittografare

describing the constant passage of data between a computer or other device and a user

interattivo

(computing) to cancel an operation or to turn off the computer automatically because a predefined interval of time has passed without a certain event happening

disdire

(computing) describing a computer program whose source code is available to everyone

open-source

a network for communication between computers, usually within a building

LAN

an electronic device that uses telephone lines to send and receive data between two computers

modem

the visual interaction that users have with the computer through icons, menus, etc.

GUI

the part of a computer where operations are controlled and executed

unità centrale di elaborazione, processore centrale

an electronic device that connects computer networks and sends data between networks

router