Từ Vựng Nâng Cao cho TOEFL - Thế giới máy tính

the non-physical space in which communication over computer networks takes place

không gian mạng, không gian ảo

relating to or using signals in which information is represented through constant changing of physical quantities

analog, analog (liên quan đến tín hiệu)

based on or using a numerical system that operates only on 0 and 1

nhị phân, hệ nhị phân

(computing) to move important information or information that is not often needed to a different disk, tape, or another computer to store it, sometimes as a security measure

lưu trữ, bảo quản

(computing) a copy of computer data that can be used to restore lost or damaged data

sao lưu

the symbol (\), used in some computer commands

dấu gạch chéo ngược, backslash

(in a computer, phone, etc.) a key on the keyboard used to erase the last letter or go backward

phím backspace, phím xóa

each of the several keys at the top of a computer keyboard marked with (F) and a number that make the computer perform particular operations

phím chức năng, nút chức năng

to start a computer, typically involves setting up hardware elements to prepare the computer for use

khởi động, boot

a computer program that automatically performs tasks over the internet

bot, robot

(computing) a type of computer memory in which information that is often in use can be stored temporarily, a cache can be accessed quickly and is needed while a program is running

bộ đệm, cache

(computing) a temporary storage area for data that has been copied or cut

khay nhớ tạm, clipboard

a unit for measuring the size of computer data that equals 8 bits

byte

(in electronic devices such as computers, etc.) the main printed circuit board that makes it possible for all the parts of a computer to communicate

bo mạch chính, bảng mạch chính

belonging, relating to, or controlled by the main circuit board of a computer

trên bo mạch, tích hợp

the smallest unit of an image on the screen that collectively can form a whole image

pixel

a device that allows the computer to read the data on a computer disk and transfer data to or from it

ổ đĩa, đĩa cứng

a software that controls the interaction between a computer and another equipment, such as a printer or scanner

driver, phần mềm điều khiển

the speed at which a computer can process information, expressed in (MHz)

tốc độ đồng hồ, tần số đồng hồ

(computing) a type of software stored in a way that it cannot be modified or erased

firmware, phần mềm nhúng

a software designed to disrupt or damage the computer without the user knowing

malware, phần mềm độc hại

the ability of a computer, software, or equipment to work with another device or software

tính tương thích, sự phù hợp

the set-up, hardware, and software of a computer that makes a complete system

cấu hình, thiết lập

(computing) to detect and remove faults in a software

gỡ lỗi, sửa lỗi

(computing) to prepare a storage device, such as a hard drive or USB, for use by deleting all the data on it and setting it up for a specific file system

định dạng, chuẩn bị

a part of a computer responsible for storing and controlling data where users cannot easily access

back end, phần sau

a part of a computer that is easily accessible and one uses constantly

giao diện người dùng, phần trước

(computing) the program through which a user can interact with a computer, especially its design and appearance

giao diện

an adjustment of the codes of a computer program that solves a problem in a quick way

hack, điều chỉnh

to transform data into a coded form

mã hóa, mã hóa bảo mật

to convert data or information into a coded form, mainly to prevent unauthorized access

mã hóa, mã hóa dữ liệu

describing the constant passage of data between a computer or other device and a user

tương tác, tương tác

(computing) to cancel an operation or to turn off the computer automatically because a predefined interval of time has passed without a certain event happening

hết thời gian, hủy bỏ

(computing) describing a computer program whose source code is available to everyone

mã nguồn mở, open source

a network for communication between computers, usually within a building

an electronic device that uses telephone lines to send and receive data between two computers

modem

the visual interaction that users have with the computer through icons, menus, etc.

giao diện người dùng đồ họa, giao diện đồ họa người dùng

the part of a computer where operations are controlled and executed

đơn vị xử lý trung tâm, bộ xử lý trung tâm

an electronic device that connects computer networks and sends data between networks

bộ định tuyến