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Ordförråd för IELTS (Akademisk) - Economics

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord om ekonomi, såsom "deflation", "oligopol", "budget" etc. som behövs för IELTS-provet.

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Words for Academic IELTS
account
[Substantiv]

an arrangement according to which a bank keeps and protects someone's money that can be taken out or added to

konto, bankkonto

konto, bankkonto

Ex: Tom received an email notification confirming that his account had been credited with the refund amount .
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balance sheet
[Substantiv]

a written statement that shows the assets and liabilities of a company at a specific point in time

balansräkning, finansiell rapport

balansräkning, finansiell rapport

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capital gains tax
[Substantiv]

a tax on the profit a corporation or an individual makes from selling shares or properties

skatt på kapitalvinster, kapitalvinstskatt

skatt på kapitalvinster, kapitalvinstskatt

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deflation
[Substantiv]

(economics) a decrease in the amount of money in an economy, resulting in falling or unchanged prices

deflation

deflation

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fiscal year
[Substantiv]

a period of 12 months based on which a company, government or individual does financial reporting or budgeting

räkenskapsår, budgetår

räkenskapsår, budgetår

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golden rule
[Substantiv]

a fundamental principle that should be followed in order to achieve success

gyllene regel, grundläggande princip

gyllene regel, grundläggande princip

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income tax
[Substantiv]

a tax paid to the government each year by a business or an individual based on their income

inkomstskatt, inkomstbeskattning

inkomstskatt, inkomstbeskattning

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liquid assets
[Substantiv]

any item of value that can be sold easily or the amount of cash available to a company

likvida tillgångar, realiserbara värden

likvida tillgångar, realiserbara värden

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microeconomics
[Substantiv]

(economics) the branch of economics that is concerned with the market behavior of companies and individuals in order to understand their decision-making processes

mikroekonomi, mikro-ekonomi

mikroekonomi, mikro-ekonomi

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macroeconomics
[Substantiv]

(economics) the branch of economics that studies an economy or market system at a general level and deals with the interrelation of different sectors

makroekonomi, allmän ekonomi

makroekonomi, allmän ekonomi

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oligopoly
[Substantiv]

(economics) a market structure in which only a few competitors are involved but none of them have the overall control

oligopol, marknadsstruktur med få konkurrenter

oligopol, marknadsstruktur med få konkurrenter

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quota
[Substantiv]

(economics) an amount or share that each individual is entitled to receive

kvot, andel

kvot, andel

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shareholder
[Substantiv]

a natural or legal person that owns at least one share in a company

aktieägare, andelägare

aktieägare, andelägare

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tax haven
[Substantiv]

a country with stable economy that offers foreigners zero or near zero tax rates

skatteparadis, skattefristad

skatteparadis, skattefristad

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unit trust
[Substantiv]

an investing company that facilitates investment in various businesses and provides profits paid directly to each unit owner

investeringsfond, unit trust

investeringsfond, unit trust

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value-added tax
[Substantiv]

a tax put on the value added to a product at each stage of the supply chain, affecting the final price which the consumer pays

mervärdesskatt

mervärdesskatt

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yield
[Substantiv]

the total amount of something that is produced, as in agriculture or an industry

avkastning,  produktion

avkastning, produktion

Ex: The study analyzed the yield of various crops across different regions , providing valuable insights for agricultural planning .Studien analyserade **avkastningen** av olika grödor i olika regioner och gav värdefulla insikter för jordbruksplanering.
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investment
[Substantiv]

the money that is put into a business or financial activity to gain profit

investering

investering

Ex: A diversified investment portfolio can help mitigate risks and maximize returns .En diversifierad **investerings**portfölj kan hjälpa till att minska risker och maximera avkastningen.
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budget
[Substantiv]

the sum of money that is available to a person, an organization, etc. for a particular purpose and the plan according to which it will be spent

budget, ekonomisk plan

budget, ekonomisk plan

Ex: The project ran over budget, leading to cuts in other areas .Projektet överskred **budgeten**, vilket ledde till nedskärningar i andra områden.
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currency
[Substantiv]

the type or system of money that is used by a country

valuta, utländsk valuta

valuta, utländsk valuta

Ex: The value of the currency dropped significantly after the announcement .Värdet på **valutan** sjönk avsevärt efter tillkännagivandet.
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to crash
[Verb]

(economics) to lose value suddenly and significantly

krascha, rasa

krascha, rasa

Ex: When the company ’s stock crashed, many investors faced significant losses .När företagets aktie **kraschade** stod många investerare inför betydande förluster.
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deposit
[Substantiv]

(economics) an amount of money that is put into a bank account

insättning

insättning

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asset
[Substantiv]

a valuable resource or quality owned by an individual, organization, or entity, typically with economic value and the potential to provide future benefits

tillgång, värdefull resurs

tillgång, värdefull resurs

Ex: Goodwill , reflecting a company 's reputation and customer loyalty , is considered an asset on its balance sheet .
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finance
[Substantiv]

the act of managing large sums of money, especially by governments or corporations

finans, finansiell förvaltning

finans, finansiell förvaltning

Ex: The government introduced reforms to improve national finance.Regeringen införde reformer för att förbättra den nationella **ekonomin**.
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capital
[Substantiv]

money or property owned by a person or company that is used for investment or starting a business

kapital, medel

kapital, medel

Ex: He decided to invest his capital in real estate , hoping for high returns .Han beslutade att investera sitt **kapital** i fastigheter i hopp om höga avkastningar.
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deficit spending
[Substantiv]

the spending of public funds provided from borrowing rather than taxation, done by a government in order to stimulate the economy

underskottutgifter, finansiering genom underskott

underskottutgifter, finansiering genom underskott

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depression
[Substantiv]

a time of little economic activity and high unemployment, which lasts for a long time

depression, ekonomisk kris

depression, ekonomisk kris

Ex: The global economy entered a deep depression following the financial crisis of 2008 .Den globala ekonomin gick in i en djup **depression** efter finanskrisen 2008.
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savings
[Substantiv]

the amount of money that one has kept for future use, especially in a bank

besparingar, sparande

besparingar, sparande

Ex: The government encourages citizens to save by offering tax incentives for contributions to retirement savings accounts.Regeringen uppmuntrar medborgarna att spara genom att erbjuda skatteincitament för bidrag till pensions**spar**konton.
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profit
[Substantiv]

the sum of money that is gained after all expenses and taxes are paid

vinst,  profit

vinst, profit

Ex: Without careful budgeting , it ’s difficult to achieve consistent profit.Utan noggrann budgetering är det svårt att uppnå konsekvent **vinst**.
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EPS
[Substantiv]

a financial measure that indicates a company's profit in relation to each outstanding share of common stock

EPS (Vinst per aktie), Resultat per aktie

EPS (Vinst per aktie), Resultat per aktie

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half year
[Substantiv]

a period of six months, especially used in financial contexts

halvår, halvt år

halvår, halvt år

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joint account
[Substantiv]

a bank account that has two or more owners

gemensamt konto

gemensamt konto

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net asset value
[Substantiv]

the value of a company's assets minus its liabilities, divided by the number of outstanding shares

netto tillgångsvärde, nettotillgångsvärde

netto tillgångsvärde, nettotillgångsvärde

Ex: The financial report included a detailed breakdown of the company 's net asset value, highlighting the growth in its portfolio of investments .Den finansiella rapporten inkluderade en detaljerad uppdelning av företagets **nettotillgångsvärde**, med tonvikt på tillväxten i dess investeringsportfölj.
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real interest rate
[Substantiv]

(economics) an interest rate that is adjusted in a way that removes the effects of inflation

real ränta, inflationsjusterad ränta

real ränta, inflationsjusterad ränta

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x-efficiency
[Substantiv]

(economics) a company's inability to achieve maximum output from the input due to imperfect competition

x-effektivitet, effektivitet-x

x-effektivitet, effektivitet-x

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commodity
[Substantiv]

(economics) an unprocessed material that can be traded in different exchanges or marketplaces

vara, råvara

vara, råvara

Ex: Investors often include commodities in their portfolios as a hedge against inflation and market volatility .Investerare inkluderar ofta **råvaror** i sina portföljer som en säkring mot inflation och marknadsvolatilitet.
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