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Słownictwo do IELTS (Akademickie) - Ekonomia

Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów dotyczących ekonomii, takich jak "deflacja", "oligopol", "budżet" itp., które są potrzebne do egzaminu IELTS.

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Words for Academic IELTS
account
account
[Rzeczownik]

an arrangement according to which a bank keeps and protects someone's money that can be taken out or added to

konto, konto bankowe

konto, konto bankowe

Ex: Tom received an email notification confirming that his account had been credited with the refund amount. 
balance sheet
balance sheet
[Rzeczownik]

a written statement that shows the assets and liabilities of a company at a specific point in time

bilans, sprawozdanie finansowe

bilans, sprawozdanie finansowe

capital gains tax
capital gains tax
[Rzeczownik]

a tax on the profit a corporation or an individual makes from selling shares or properties

podatek od zysków kapitałowych, podatek od dochodów kapitałowych

podatek od zysków kapitałowych, podatek od dochodów kapitałowych

deflation
deflation
[Rzeczownik]

a sustained decline in prices caused by reduced economic activity

deflacja

deflacja

Ex: The country experienced a decade of deflation after the financial crisis. 
fiscal year
fiscal year
[Rzeczownik]

a period of 12 months based on which a company, government or individual does financial reporting or budgeting

rok podatkowy, rok budżetowy

rok podatkowy, rok budżetowy

golden rule
golden rule
[Rzeczownik]

a fundamental principle that should be followed in order to achieve success

złota zasada, zasada podstawowa

złota zasada, zasada podstawowa

income tax
income tax
[Rzeczownik]

a tax levied by a government on the financial earnings of individuals and businesses

podatek dochodowy

podatek dochodowy

Ex: Income tax brackets are adjusted annually for inflation. 
liquid assets
liquid assets
[Rzeczownik]

any item of value that can be sold easily or the amount of cash available to a company

aktywa płynne, wartości możliwe do zrealizowania

aktywa płynne, wartości możliwe do zrealizowania

microeconomics
microeconomics
[Rzeczownik]

(economics) the branch of economics that is concerned with the market behavior of companies and individuals in order to understand their decision-making processes

mikroekonomia, mikro-ekonomia

mikroekonomia, mikro-ekonomia

macroeconomics
macroeconomics
[Rzeczownik]

(economics) the branch of economics that studies an economy or market system at a general level and deals with the interrelation of different sectors

makroekonomia, ekonomia ogólna

makroekonomia, ekonomia ogólna

oligopoly
oligopoly
[Rzeczownik]

(economics) a market structure in which only a few competitors are involved but none of them have the overall control

oligopol, struktura rynku z niewielką liczbą konkurentów

oligopol, struktura rynku z niewielką liczbą konkurentów

quota
quota
[Rzeczownik]

a share or amount allocated or due to a particular person or group

kontyngent,  przydział

kontyngent, przydział

Ex: Every member was assigned a quota of the available resources. 
shareholder
shareholder
[Rzeczownik]

an individual or entity that owns shares of stock in a corporation

akcjonariusz

akcjonariusz

Ex: The shareholder voted on the proposed merger at the annual meeting. 
tax haven
tax haven
[Rzeczownik]

a country with stable economy that offers foreigners zero or near zero tax rates

raj podatkowy, schronisko podatkowe

raj podatkowy, schronisko podatkowe

unit trust
unit trust
[Rzeczownik]

an investing company that facilitates investment in various businesses and provides profits paid directly to each unit owner

fundusz inwestycyjny, fundusz powierniczy

fundusz inwestycyjny, fundusz powierniczy

value-added tax
value-added tax
[Rzeczownik]

a consumption tax charged on the increase in value of goods or services at successive stages of production and distribution

podatek od wartości dodanej

podatek od wartości dodanej

Ex: The government increased the VAT rate on certain products. 
yield
yield
[Rzeczownik]

the total amount of something that is produced, as in agriculture or an industry

plon,  produkcja

plon, produkcja

Ex: The annual yield of the wheat fields surpassed expectations, resulting in a plentiful harvest. 
investment
investment
[Rzeczownik]

the money that is put into a business or financial activity to gain profit

inwestycja

inwestycja

Ex: She made an investment in stocks that paid off handsomely over the years. 
budget
budget
[Rzeczownik]

a specific amount of money set aside for a particular use

budżet, przeznaczenie budżetowe

budżet, przeznaczenie budżetowe

Ex: The team stayed within the budget despite delays. 
currency
currency
[Rzeczownik]

the type or system of money that is used by a country

waluta, dewizy

waluta, dewizy

Ex: The euro is the official currency of many countries in the European Union. 
to crash
to crash
[Czasownik]

(economics) to lose value suddenly and significantly

załamać się, runąć

załamać się, runąć

Ex: The stock market crashed, wiping out billions in a matter of hours. 
deposit
deposit
[Rzeczownik]

money placed in a bank or financial institution

depozyt, wpłata

depozyt, wpłata

Ex: He made a deposit of $500 into his savings account. 
asset
asset
[Rzeczownik]

a valuable resource or quality owned by an individual, organization, or entity, typically with economic value and the potential to provide future benefits

aktyw, cenny zasób

aktyw, cenny zasób

Ex: Real estate is considered a valuable asset due to its potential for long-term appreciation and rental income. 
finance
finance
[Rzeczownik]

the act of managing large sums of money, especially by governments or corporations

finanse, zarządzanie finansami

finanse, zarządzanie finansami

Ex: Poor finance planning led to the company's bankruptcy. 
capital
capital
[Rzeczownik]

assets used to generate more assets, especially in business or production

kapitał, fundusz

kapitał, fundusz

Ex: The company invested capital in new machinery. 
deficit spending
deficit spending
[Rzeczownik]

the spending of public funds provided from borrowing rather than taxation, done by a government in order to stimulate the economy

wydatki deficytowe, finansowanie deficytowe

wydatki deficytowe, finansowanie deficytowe

depression
depression
[Rzeczownik]

a prolonged period of severe economic decline marked by low business activity and high unemployment

depresja,  kryzys gospodarczy

depresja, kryzys gospodarczy

Ex: The government introduced new policies to prevent another economic depression. 
savings
savings
[Rzeczownik]

the amount of money that one has kept for future use, especially in a bank

oszczędności, zapasy

oszczędności, zapasy

Ex: Saving for retirement early in your career can lead to significant long-term financial security. 

Oszczędzanie na emeryturę na początku kariery może prowadzić do znacznego długoterminowego bezpieczeństwa finansowego.

profit
profit
[Rzeczownik]

the sum of money that is gained after all expenses and taxes are paid

zysk,  profit

zysk, profit

Ex: The company reported a significant profit for the fiscal year, reflecting efficient operations and strong sales. 
EPS
EPS
[Rzeczownik]

a financial measure that indicates a company's profit in relation to each outstanding share of common stock

EPS (Zysk na akcję), Dochód na akcję

EPS (Zysk na akcję), Dochód na akcję

half year
half year
[Rzeczownik]

a period of six months, especially used in financial contexts

półrocze, pół roku

półrocze, pół roku

joint account
joint account
[Rzeczownik]

a bank account that has two or more owners

wspólne konto

wspólne konto

net asset value
net asset value
[Rzeczownik]

the value of a company's assets minus its liabilities, divided by the number of outstanding shares

wartość aktywów netto, wartość netto aktywów

wartość aktywów netto, wartość netto aktywów

Ex: When purchasing shares in an exchange-traded fund (ETF), it’s important to compare the market price to the net asset value to ensure you're getting a fair deal. 

Przy zakupie udziałów w funduszu notowanym na giełdzie (ETF) ważne jest porównanie ceny rynkowej z wartością aktywów netto, aby upewnić się, że otrzymujesz uczciwą ofertę.

real interest rate
real interest rate
[Rzeczownik]

(economics) an interest rate that is adjusted in a way that removes the effects of inflation

realna stopa procentowa, stopa procentowa skorygowana o inflację

realna stopa procentowa, stopa procentowa skorygowana o inflację

x-efficiency
x-efficiency
[Rzeczownik]

(economics) a company's inability to achieve maximum output from the input due to imperfect competition

x-efektywność, efektywność-x

x-efektywność, efektywność-x

commodity
commodity
[Rzeczownik]

a product or raw material that can be bought and sold, especially in large quantities on financial markets

towar

towar

Ex: Farmers suffered when the price of their main commodity fell. 
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