Słownictwo do IELTS (Akademickie) - Economics

an arrangement according to which a bank keeps and protects someone's money that can be taken out or added to

konto, konto bankowe

a written statement that shows the assets and liabilities of a company at a specific point in time

bilans, sprawozdanie finansowe

a tax on the profit a corporation or an individual makes from selling shares or properties

podatek od zysków kapitałowych, podatek od dochodów kapitałowych

(economics) a decrease in the amount of money in an economy, resulting in falling or unchanged prices

deflacja

a period of 12 months based on which a company, government or individual does financial reporting or budgeting

rok finansowy, rok obrachunkowy

a fundamental principle that should be followed in order to achieve success

złota zasada, podstawowa zasada

a tax paid to the government each year by a business or an individual based on their income

podatek dochodowy, podatek od dochodów

any item of value that can be sold easily or the amount of cash available to a company

aktywa płynne, dostępne środki

(economics) the branch of economics that is concerned with the market behavior of companies and individuals in order to understand their decision-making processes

mikroekonomia

(economics) the branch of economics that studies an economy or market system at a general level and deals with the interrelation of different sectors

makroekonomia

(economics) a market structure in which only a few competitors are involved but none of them have the overall control

oligopol, struktura oligopolowa

(economics) an amount or share that each individual is entitled to receive

kwota, udział

a natural or legal person that owns at least one share in a company

akcjonariusz

a country with stable economy that offers foreigners zero or near zero tax rates

raj podatkowy, schronienie podatkowe

an investing company that facilitates investment in various businesses and provides profits paid directly to each unit owner

fundusz inwestycyjny, fundusz jednostkowy

a tax put on the value added to a product at each stage of the supply chain, affecting the final price which the consumer pays

podatek od towarów i usług, VAT

the total amount of something that is produced, as in agriculture or an industry

plon, wydajność

the money that is put into a business or financial activity to gain profit

inwestycja, lokata

the sum of money that is available to a person, an organization, etc. for a particular purpose and the plan according to which it will be spent

budżet, plan wydatków

the type or system of money that is used by a country

waluta, pieniądz

(economics) to lose value suddenly and significantly

załamać się, spadać

(economics) an amount of money that is put into a bank account

depozyt, wpłata

(usually plural) a property or an item of value that a company owns and can sell to pay its debts

aktywa, majątek

the act of managing large sums of money, especially by governments or corporations

finanse, zarządzanie finansami

money or property owned by a person or company that is used for investment or starting a business

kapitał, fundusz

the spending of public funds provided from borrowing rather than taxation, done by a government in order to stimulate the economy

wydatki deficytowe, wydatki z deficytem

a time of little economic activity and high unemployment, which lasts for a long time

depresja, kryzys ekonomiczny

the amount of money that one has kept for future use, especially in a bank

oszczędności, savings

the sum of money that is gained after all expenses and taxes are paid

zysk, profit

a financial measure that indicates a company's profit in relation to each outstanding share of common stock

zysk na akcję, EPS

a period of six months, especially used in financial contexts

półrocze, sześć miesięcy

a bank account that has two or more owners

konto joint, wspólny rachunek

the value of a company's assets minus its liabilities, divided by the number of outstanding shares

wartość netto aktywów, netto wartość aktywów

(economics) an interest rate that is adjusted in a way that removes the effects of inflation

realna stopa procentowa, stopa procentowa skorygowana o inflację

(economics) a company's inability to achieve maximum output from the input due to imperfect competition

x-efektywność, nieefektywność x

(economics) an unprocessed material that can be traded in different exchanges or marketplaces

towar, surowiec