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Словарный Запас для IELTS (Академический) - Экономика

Здесь вы выучите некоторые английские слова по экономике, такие как "дефляция", "олигополия", "бюджет" и т.д., которые необходимы для экзамена IELTS.

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Words for Academic IELTS
account
account
[существительное]

an arrangement according to which a bank keeps and protects someone's money that can be taken out or added to

счет

счет

Ex: Sarah opened a savings account at the local bank to start saving for her future. 
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balance sheet
balance sheet
[существительное]

a written statement that shows the assets and liabilities of a company at a specific point in time

балансовый отчет

балансовый отчет

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capital gains tax
capital gains tax
[существительное]

a tax on the profit a corporation or an individual makes from selling shares or properties

налог на прирост капитала

налог на прирост капитала

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deflation
deflation
[существительное]

(economics) a decrease in the amount of money in an economy, resulting in falling or unchanged prices

дефляция

дефляция

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fiscal year
fiscal year
[существительное]

a period of 12 months based on which a company, government or individual does financial reporting or budgeting

финансовый год

финансовый год

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golden rule
golden rule
[существительное]

a fundamental principle that should be followed in order to achieve success

золотое правило

золотое правило

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income tax
income tax
[существительное]

a tax paid to the government each year by a business or an individual based on their income

подоходный налог

подоходный налог

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liquid assets
liquid assets
[существительное]

any item of value that can be sold easily or the amount of cash available to a company

ликвидные активы

ликвидные активы

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microeconomics
microeconomics
[существительное]

(economics) the branch of economics that is concerned with the market behavior of companies and individuals in order to understand their decision-making processes

микроэкономика

микроэкономика

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macroeconomics
macroeconomics
[существительное]

(economics) the branch of economics that studies an economy or market system at a general level and deals with the interrelation of different sectors

макроэкономика

макроэкономика

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oligopoly
oligopoly
[существительное]

(economics) a market structure in which only a few competitors are involved but none of them have the overall control

олигополия

олигополия

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quota
quota
[существительное]

(economics) an amount or share that each individual is entitled to receive

квота

квота

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shareholder
shareholder
[существительное]

a natural or legal person that owns at least one share in a company

акционер

акционер

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tax haven
tax haven
[существительное]

a country with stable economy that offers foreigners zero or near zero tax rates

налоговая гавань

налоговая гавань

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unit trust
unit trust
[существительное]

an investing company that facilitates investment in various businesses and provides profits paid directly to each unit owner

паевой фонд

паевой фонд

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value-added tax
value-added tax
[существительное]

a tax put on the value added to a product at each stage of the supply chain, affecting the final price which the consumer pays

налог на добавленную стоимость

налог на добавленную стоимость

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yield
yield
[существительное]

the total amount of something that is produced, as in agriculture or an industry

урожайность

урожайность

Ex: The annual yield of the wheat fields surpassed expectations, resulting in a plentiful harvest. 
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investment
investment
[существительное]

the money that is put into a business or financial activity to gain profit

инвестиции

инвестиции

Ex: She made an investment in stocks that paid off handsomely over the years. 
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budget
budget
[существительное]

a specific amount of money set aside for a particular use

бюджет

бюджет

Ex: The project has a strict budget for equipment. 
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currency
currency
[существительное]

the type or system of money that is used by a country

валюта

валюта

Ex: The euro is the official currency of many countries in the European Union. 
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to crash
to crash
[глагол]

(economics) to lose value suddenly and significantly

потерпеть крах

потерпеть крах

Ex: The stock market crashed, wiping out billions in a matter of hours. 
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deposit
deposit
[существительное]

money placed in a bank or financial institution

депозит

депозит

Ex: He made a deposit of $500 into his savings account. 
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asset
asset
[существительное]

a valuable resource or quality owned by an individual, organization, or entity, typically with economic value and the potential to provide future benefits

достоинство

достоинство

Ex: Real estate is considered a valuable asset due to its potential for long-term appreciation and rental income. 
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finance
finance
[существительное]

the act of managing large sums of money, especially by governments or corporations

финансы

финансы

Ex: Poor finance planning led to the company's bankruptcy. 
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capital
capital
[существительное]

assets used to generate more assets, especially in business or production

капитал

капитал

Ex: The company invested capital in new machinery. 
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deficit spending
deficit spending
[существительное]

the spending of public funds provided from borrowing rather than taxation, done by a government in order to stimulate the economy

дефицит расходов

дефицит расходов

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depression
depression
[существительное]

a time of little economic activity and high unemployment, which lasts for a long time

депрессия

депрессия

Ex: The Great Depression of the 1930s saw widespread unemployment and severe economic hardship. 
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savings
savings
[существительное]

the amount of money that one has kept for future use, especially in a bank

сбережения

сбережения

Ex: She diligently set aside a portion of her income each month to contribute to her savings account. 
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profit
profit
[существительное]

the sum of money that is gained after all expenses and taxes are paid

прибыль

прибыль

Ex: The company reported a significant profit for the fiscal year, reflecting efficient operations and strong sales. 
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EPS
EPS
[существительное]

a financial measure that indicates a company's profit in relation to each outstanding share of common stock

Прибыль на акцию 

Прибыль на акцию 

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half year
half year
[существительное]

a period of six months, especially used in financial contexts

полгода

полгода

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joint account
joint account
[существительное]

a bank account that has two or more owners

совместный счет

совместный счет

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net asset value
net asset value
[существительное]

the value of a company's assets minus its liabilities, divided by the number of outstanding shares

стоимость чистых активов

стоимость чистых активов

Ex: The mutual fund's net asset value (NAV) is calculated at the end of each trading day, reflecting the total value of its assets minus liabilities. 
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real interest rate
real interest rate
[существительное]

(economics) an interest rate that is adjusted in a way that removes the effects of inflation

реальная процентная ставка

реальная процентная ставка

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x-efficiency
x-efficiency
[существительное]

(economics) a company's inability to achieve maximum output from the input due to imperfect competition

x-эффективность

x-эффективность

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commodity
commodity
[существительное]

(economics) an unprocessed material that can be traded in different exchanges or marketplaces

товар

товар

Ex: Oil has long been a highly valued commodity on the global market, influencing economies and politics. 
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