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Vocabulario para IELTS (Académico) - Economía

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre economía, como "deflation", "oligopoly", "budget", etc. que son necesarias para el examen IELTS.

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Words for Academic IELTS
account
[Sustantivo]

an arrangement according to which a bank keeps and protects someone's money that can be taken out or added to

cuenta

cuenta

Ex: Tom received an email notification confirming that account had been credited with the refund amount .
balance sheet
[Sustantivo]

a written statement that shows the assets and liabilities of a company at a specific point in time

hoja de balance

hoja de balance

capital gains tax
[Sustantivo]

a tax on the profit a corporation or an individual makes from selling shares or properties

impuesto sobre ganancias de capital

impuesto sobre ganancias de capital

deflation
[Sustantivo]

(economics) a decrease in the amount of money in an economy, resulting in falling or unchanged prices

deflación

deflación

fiscal year
[Sustantivo]

a period of 12 months based on which a company, government or individual does financial reporting or budgeting

año fiscal

año fiscal

golden rule
[Sustantivo]

a fundamental principle that should be followed in order to achieve success

regla de oro

regla de oro

income tax
[Sustantivo]

a tax paid to the government each year by a business or an individual based on their income

impuesto sobre la renta

impuesto sobre la renta

liquid assets
[Sustantivo]

any item of value that can be sold easily or the amount of cash available to a company

activos líquidos

activos líquidos

microeconomics
[Sustantivo]

(economics) the branch of economics that is concerned with the market behavior of companies and individuals in order to understand their decision-making processes

microeconomía

microeconomía

macroeconomics
[Sustantivo]

(economics) the branch of economics that studies an economy or market system at a general level and deals with the interrelation of different sectors

macroeconomía

macroeconomía

oligopoly
[Sustantivo]

(economics) a market structure in which only a few competitors are involved but none of them have the overall control

oligopolio

oligopolio

quota
[Sustantivo]

(economics) an amount or share that each individual is entitled to receive

cuota

cuota

shareholder
[Sustantivo]

a natural or legal person that owns at least one share in a company

accionista

accionista

tax haven
[Sustantivo]

a country with stable economy that offers foreigners zero or near zero tax rates

paraíso fiscal

paraíso fiscal

unit trust
[Sustantivo]

an investing company that facilitates investment in various businesses and provides profits paid directly to each unit owner

fondo de inversion

fondo de inversion

value-added tax
[Sustantivo]

a tax put on the value added to a product at each stage of the supply chain, affecting the final price which the consumer pays

Impuesto al valor agregado

Impuesto al valor agregado

yield
[Sustantivo]

the total amount of something that is produced, as in agriculture or an industry

rendimiento

rendimiento

Ex: The study analyzed yield of various crops across different regions , providing valuable insights for agricultural planning .
investment
[Sustantivo]

the money that is put into a business or financial activity to gain profit

inversión

inversión

Ex: A investment portfolio can help mitigate risks and maximize returns .
budget
[Sustantivo]

the sum of money that is available to a person, an organization, etc. for a particular purpose and the plan according to which it will be spent

presupuesto

presupuesto

Ex: The project budget, leading to cuts in other areas .
currency
[Sustantivo]

the type or system of money that is used by a country

moneda

moneda

Ex: The value of currency dropped significantly after the announcement .
to crash
[Verbo]

(economics) to lose value suddenly and significantly

quebrar

quebrar

Ex: When the company ’s crashed, many investors faced significant losses .
deposit
[Sustantivo]

(economics) an amount of money that is put into a bank account

depósito

depósito

asset
[Sustantivo]

(usually plural) a property or an item of value that a company owns and can sell to pay its debts

bien

bien

finance
[Sustantivo]

the act of managing large sums of money, especially by governments or corporations

finanzas

finanzas

Ex: The government introduced reforms to improve finance.
capital
[Sustantivo]

money or property owned by a person or company that is used for investment or starting a business

capital

capital

Ex: He decided to invest capital in real estate , hoping for high returns .
deficit spending
[Sustantivo]

the spending of public funds provided from borrowing rather than taxation, done by a government in order to stimulate the economy

gasto deficitario

gasto deficitario

depression
[Sustantivo]

a time of little economic activity and high unemployment, which lasts for a long time

depresión

depresión

Ex: The global economy entered a depression following the financial crisis of 2008 .
savings
[Sustantivo]

the amount of money that one has kept for future use, especially in a bank

ahorros

ahorros

Ex: The government encourages citizens to save by offering tax incentives for contributions to retirement savings accounts.
profit
[Sustantivo]

the sum of money that is gained after all expenses and taxes are paid

beneficios

beneficios

Ex: Without careful budgeting , it ’s difficult to achieve profit.
EPS
[Sustantivo]

a financial measure that indicates a company's profit in relation to each outstanding share of common stock

BPA

BPA

half year
[Sustantivo]

a period of six months, especially used in financial contexts

medio año

medio año

joint account
[Sustantivo]

a bank account that has two or more owners

cuenta conjunta

cuenta conjunta

net asset value
[Sustantivo]

the value of a company's assets minus its liabilities, divided by the number of outstanding shares

valor del activo neto

valor del activo neto

Ex: The financial report included a detailed breakdown of the companynet asset value, highlighting the growth in its portfolio of investments .
real interest rate
[Sustantivo]

(economics) an interest rate that is adjusted in a way that removes the effects of inflation

tipo de interés real

tipo de interés real

x-efficiency
[Sustantivo]

(economics) a company's inability to achieve maximum output from the input due to imperfect competition

eficiencia-X

eficiencia-X

commodity
[Sustantivo]

(economics) an unprocessed material that can be traded in different exchanges or marketplaces

materia prima

materia prima

Ex: Investors often commodities in their portfolios as a hedge against inflation and market volatility .
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