IELTS Học Thuật (Band 8 Trở Lên) - triết lý

a branch of philosophy that deals with abstract concepts such as existence or reality

hình nhi thượng học

the branch of philosophy in which knowledge is studied

nhận thức luận

a system of thought that considers life as meaningless and rejects religious beliefs, moral principles, legal rules, etc.

thuyết hư vô

the doctrine that the best measure or decision is the one that satisfies the majority of people

chủ nghĩa thực dụng

an ancient Greek philosophy that values virtue and encourages living in harmony with nature's divine Reason

chủ nghĩa khắc kỷ

a philosophical concept or belief system that asserts the self as the only reality and that only the individual's mind is sure to exist

niềm tin rằng chỉ có tâm trí của chính mình là chắc chắn tồn tại

the branch of philosophy that is concerned with concepts such as existence, being, and reality

bản thể học

a philosophical theory asserting that all of reality is fundamentally unified and derived from a single substance or principle

nhứt nguyên luận

a philosophy that emphasizes individual rights, reason, and laissez-faire capitalism

sự chống đối

a notion in philosophy according to which knowledge, moral values, and ethical obligations are subjective and there is no external or objective truth

chủ nghĩa chủ quan

the belief that life is inherently meaningless, yet individuals can create their own meaning

chủ nghĩa phi lý

the study of purpose, design, and final causes in the natural world, exploring the idea that things have inherent goals or intentions

mục đích luận

the philosophy illustrating the core acknowledgment of one's existence through the act of thinking

triết lý tồn tại

a fundamental, indivisible entity or substance, often associated with Leibnizian philosophy, possessing inherent characteristics and reflecting the entire universe from its unique perspective

đơn nguyên

a philosophical movement that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, emphasizing the practical consequences and real-world effectiveness of beliefs, theories, and actions

quan niệm thực hành

a philosophical term referring to the intrinsic nature of a thing, independent of human perception, in contrast to phenomena which are how things appear to human observers

bản thể (triết học)

the belief that events and outcomes are predetermined and inevitable, with little or no control by individuals

thuyết định mạng

a fundamental belief or principle that is central to a system of thought, philosophy, or religion

hệ tư tưởng cơ bản