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学术类雅思 (6-7分段) - 地质学

在这里,您将学习一些雅思学术考试所需的与地质学相关的英语单词。

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
crust

the outermost layer of the Earth, consisting of solid rock and divided into the continental crust and the oceanic crust

痂

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sediment

particles of solid material that settle at the bottom of a liquid

沉淀

沉淀

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erosion

the process by which soil and rock are gradually destroyed and removed by natural forces such as wind, water, and ice

侵蚀

侵蚀

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stratum

(geology) a distinct layer of rock or sediment

地层

地层

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mineralogy

the scientific study of minerals, their composition, properties, and classification, often involving the analysis of crystal structures and the identification of various mineral species

矿物学

矿物学

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petrology

the branch of geology that focuses on the study of rocks, their classification, composition, origin, and the processes involved in their formation

岩石学

岩石学

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geomorphology

the scientific study of landforms, their origin, development, and classification, often examining the processes that shape the Earth's surface, such as erosion, deposition, and tectonic activity

地貌学

地貌学

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stalactite

a tapering, icicle-like mineral formation hanging from the roof of a cave or underground structure, typically composed of calcium carbonate deposited by dripping water containing dissolved minerals

石钟乳

石钟乳

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stalagmite

a cone-shaped mineral formation rising from the floor of a cave or underground structure, formed by the deposition of minerals from dripping water containing dissolved substances

石笋

石笋

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eon

a vast and longest subdivision of geological time

宙

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pangea

a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras, comprising most of Earth's landmasses fused together before breaking apart into the continents we recognize today

盘古大陆

盘古大陆

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gondwanaland

an ancient supercontinent that included South America, Africa, Antarctica, Australia, the Indian subcontinent, and the Arabian Peninsula

冈瓦纳大陆

冈瓦纳大陆

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laurasia

a hypothetical ancient supercontinent that existed from the late Precambrian to the Jurassic period, comprising the landmasses of present-day North America, Europe, Asia, and parts of Antarctica, before it began to break apart

劳亚西亚

劳亚西亚

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hydrosphere

the total amount of water on Earth, including oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, groundwater, and atmospheric water vapor

水圈

水圈

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superposition

a principle in geology stating that in a sequence of undisturbed sedimentary rock layers, the youngest rocks are at the top, and the oldest rocks are at the bottom, helping determine the relative ages of geological formations

叠加

叠加

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outcrop

a visible exposure of rock or geological strata at the Earth's surface, often occurring on hillsides, cliffs, or other elevated areas, providing insight into the underlying geological structure

露出

露出

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bedrock

solid rock beneath surface materials, forming the Earth's crust foundation

基岩

基岩

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mantle

the region of the Earth's interior, lying beneath the crust and extending to the outer core, composed of solid rock that can deform and flow over geological time scales

斗篷

斗篷

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