IELTS学术词汇 (分数6-7) - Law

在这里，你将学习一些与法律相关的英语单词，这些单词是学术雅思考试所必需的。

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拼写

测验

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amendment

[名词]

a formal change, addition, or alteration made to a law, contract, constitution, or other legal document

修正案, 修改

Ex: The teacher made an amendment to the syllabus to include an extra assignment .老师对教学大纲进行了**修订**，以包括一项额外作业。

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legislation

[名词]

a law or a set of laws passed by a legislative body, such as a parliament

立法

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decree

[名词]

an official authoritative decision or judgment, especially one made by a government or the ruler of a country

法令, 政令

Ex: The local mayor issued a decree to improve public safety measures .当地市长发布了一项**法令**以改善公共安全措施。

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statute

[名词]

an officially written and established law

法令, 章程

Ex: Under the statute, the company must provide annual safety training for employees .根据**法规**，公司必须为员工提供年度安全培训。

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litigation

[名词]

the process of bringing a lawsuit to a court in order to obtain a judgment

诉讼, 诉讼过程

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prosecutor

[名词]

a legal official who represents the state in criminal proceedings and brings charges against individuals or organizations suspected of breaking the law

检察官, 公诉人

Ex: As the prosecutor, she was responsible for presenting the state 's case in court .作为**检察官**，她负责在法庭上陈述州政府的案件。

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attorney

[名词]

a lawyer who represents someone in a court of law

律师, 法律代表

Ex: The attorney advised her on the best course of action for the lawsuit .**律师**就诉讼的最佳行动方案向她提供了建议。

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solicitor

[名词]

(in the UK) a lawyer who is entitled to give legal advice, prepare legal documents for contracts and defend people in lower courts of law

事务律师, 法律顾问

Ex: The solicitor explained the terms of the contract clearly .**律师**清楚地解释了合同的条款。

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plaintiff

[名词]

a person who brings a lawsuit against someone else in a court

原告, 起诉人

Ex: During the trial , the plaintiff testified about the impact of the defendant 's actions .在审判期间，**原告**就被告行为的影响作证。

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defendant

[名词]

a person in a law court who is sued by someone else or is accused of committing a crime

被告, 被告人

Ex: The defendant remained composed throughout the trial , maintaining innocence despite the prosecution 's strong arguments .**被告**在整个审判过程中保持冷静，尽管检方提出了强有力的论点，但仍坚持自己的清白。

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conviction

[名词]

a formal declaration by which someone is found guilty of a crime in a court of law

定罪, 有罪宣告

Ex: She was shocked by his conviction, as he had always maintained his innocence .她对他的**定罪**感到震惊，因为他一直坚称自己是无辜的。

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verdict

[名词]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

裁决, 判决

Ex: The media reported on the landmark verdict that set a new precedent in criminal law .媒体报道了这一具有里程碑意义的**判决**，为刑法设立了新的先例。

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bail

[名词]

an amount of money that must be paid in order for someone who is accused of a crime to be released until their trial

保释金, 保释

Ex: The suspect's family rallied together to raise money for his bail bond.嫌疑人的家人团结起来为他筹集**保释金**。

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jury duty

[名词]

a civic obligation requiring individuals to serve as members of a jury in a court of law

陪审义务, 陪审服务

Ex: Jury duty can be an inconvenience for some individuals , but it is an essential part of our justice system .**陪审团义务**对某些人来说可能是一种不便，但它是我们司法系统的重要组成部分。

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probation

[名词]

(law) a specific supervised period of time outside prison granted to a criminal, given they do not break a law during this period

缓刑, 试用期

Ex: The court ordered community service as part of the probation requirements for the juvenile offender .法院下令社区服务作为少年犯**缓刑**要求的一部分。

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custody

[名词]

the legal right to keep a thing or to take care of a person

监护, 保管

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clemency

[名词]

compassion shown by a person in authority, especially by reducing a punishment

Ex: Clemency can be a powerful tool for justice when used wisely .

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to vindicate

[动词]

to clear someone from blame or suspicion and prove their innocence

证明清白, 洗脱罪名

Ex: The judge 's ruling vindicated him , confirming his innocence beyond a doubt .法官的裁决**洗清**了他的罪名，毫无疑问地证实了他的清白。

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to overrule

[动词]

to use one's official or political authority to change or reject a previously made decision

推翻, 否决

Ex: In constitutional law , a higher court can overrule legislation if it is deemed unconstitutional .在宪法法律中，如果认为立法违宪，高等法院可以**推翻**立法。

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to pass

[动词]

to make or accept a law by voting or by decree

通过, 批准

Ex: The United Nations Security Council has passed a resolution asking the two countries to resume peace negotiations .联合国安理会**通过**了一项决议，要求两国恢复和平谈判。

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to intervene

[动词]

to become a party in a lawsuit because of a vested interest in the outcome

干预, 介入

Ex: The insurance company sought permission to intervene, claiming a substantial interest in the resolution of the legal dispute .保险公司寻求允许**介入**，声称对法律纠纷的解决有重大利益。

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to amend

[动词]

to make changes or additions to a document, law, contract, or similar text in order to correct or update it

修改, 修正

Ex: The team worked collaboratively to amend the contract and include additional terms .团队协作**修改**了合同并包含了附加条款。

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to prosecute

[动词]

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

起诉, 控告

Ex: He hired an expert to help prosecute the case , ensuring every legal angle was covered .他聘请了一位专家来帮助**起诉**此案，确保涵盖了所有法律角度。

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to acquit

[动词]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

宣判无罪, 宣告无罪

Ex: The exoneration process ultimately led to the court 's decision to acquit the defendant of all charges .免责程序最终导致法院决定**无罪释放**被告的所有指控。

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to outlaw

[动词]

to officially state that something is illegal

禁止, 宣布为非法

Ex: To address concerns about privacy , the government moved to outlaw certain intrusive surveillance practices .为了解决对隐私的担忧，政府决定**禁止**某些侵入性监控行为。

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to validate

[动词]

to confirm or verify the legality or legitimacy of something, typically a document, contract, or action

验证, 确认

Ex: The prosecutor sought to validate the search warrant used to obtain evidence in the criminal case .检察官试图**确认**用于在刑事案件中获取证据的搜查令。

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arbitration

[名词]

a process where parties resolve disputes through a neutral third party

仲裁

Ex: The consumer opted for arbitration instead of pursuing a lawsuit against the product manufacturer for damages .消费者选择了**仲裁**，而不是对产品制造商提起诉讼要求赔偿。

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citation

[名词]

a reference to a specific legal source, like a law or court case, used to support arguments or statements in legal documents and writings

引用

Ex: The legal brief submitted to the Supreme Court included citations to international treaties relevant to the case 's subject matter .提交给最高法院的法律简报包括对案件主题相关的国际条约的**引用**。

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to waive

[动词]

to voluntarily relinquish or give up a right, claim, or privilege

放弃, 让与

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IELTS学术词汇 (分数6-7)

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IELTS学术词汇 (分数6-7) - Law