Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 6-7) - Law

Here, you will learn some English words related to Law that are necessary for the Academic IELTS exam.

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amendment

[noun]

a formal change, addition, or alteration made to a law, contract, constitution, or other legal document

Ex: The teacher made an amendment to the syllabus to include an extra assignment .

legislation

[noun]

a law or a set of laws passed by a legislative body, such as a parliament

decree

[noun]

an official authoritative decision or judgment, especially one made by a government or the ruler of a country

Ex: The local mayor issued a decree to improve public safety measures .

statute

[noun]

an officially written and established law

Ex: Under the statute, the company must provide annual safety training for employees .

litigation

[noun]

the process of bringing a lawsuit to a court in order to obtain a judgment

prosecutor

[noun]

a legal official who represents the state in criminal proceedings and brings charges against individuals or organizations suspected of breaking the law

Ex: As the prosecutor, she was responsible for presenting the state 's case in court .

attorney

[noun]

a lawyer who represents someone in a court of law

Ex: The attorney advised her on the best course of action for the lawsuit .

solicitor

[noun]

(in the UK) a lawyer who is entitled to give legal advice, prepare legal documents for contracts and defend people in lower courts of law

Ex: The solicitor explained the terms of the contract clearly .

plaintiff

[noun]

a person who brings a lawsuit against someone else in a court

Ex: During the trial , the plaintiff testified about the impact of the defendant 's actions .

defendant

[noun]

a person in a law court who is sued by someone else or is accused of committing a crime

Ex: The defendant remained composed throughout the trial , maintaining innocence despite the prosecution 's strong arguments .

conviction

[noun]

a formal declaration by which someone is found guilty of a crime in a court of law

Ex: She was shocked by his conviction, as he had always maintained his innocence .

verdict

[noun]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

Ex: The media reported on the landmark verdict that set a new precedent in criminal law .

bail

[noun]

an amount of money that must be paid in order for someone who is accused of a crime to be released until their trial

Ex: The suspect's family rallied together to raise money for his bail bond.

jury duty

[noun]

a civic obligation requiring individuals to serve as members of a jury in a court of law

Ex: Jury duty can be an inconvenience for some individuals , but it is an essential part of our justice system .

probation

[noun]

(law) a specific supervised period of time outside prison granted to a criminal, given they do not break a law during this period

Ex: The court ordered community service as part of the probation requirements for the juvenile offender .

custody

[noun]

the legal right to keep a thing or to take care of a person

clemency

[noun]

compassion shown by a person in authority, especially by reducing a punishment

Ex: Clemency can be a powerful tool for justice when used wisely .

to vindicate

[Verb]

to clear someone from blame or suspicion and prove their innocence

Ex: The judge 's ruling vindicated him , confirming his innocence beyond a doubt .

to overrule

[Verb]

to use one's official or political authority to change or reject a previously made decision

Ex: In constitutional law , a higher court can overrule legislation if it is deemed unconstitutional .

to pass

[Verb]

to make or accept a law by voting or by decree

Ex: The United Nations Security Council has passed a resolution asking the two countries to resume peace negotiations .

to intervene

[Verb]

to become a party in a lawsuit because of a vested interest in the outcome

Ex: The insurance company sought permission to intervene, claiming a substantial interest in the resolution of the legal dispute .

to amend

[Verb]

to make changes or additions to a document, law, contract, or similar text in order to correct or update it

Ex: The team worked collaboratively to amend the contract and include additional terms .

to prosecute

[Verb]

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

Ex: He hired an expert to help prosecute the case , ensuring every legal angle was covered .

to acquit

[Verb]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

Ex: The exoneration process ultimately led to the court 's decision to acquit the defendant of all charges .

to outlaw

[Verb]

to officially state that something is illegal

Ex: To address concerns about privacy , the government moved to outlaw certain intrusive surveillance practices .

to validate

[Verb]

to confirm or verify the legality or legitimacy of something, typically a document, contract, or action

Ex: The prosecutor sought to validate the search warrant used to obtain evidence in the criminal case .

arbitration

[noun]

a process where parties resolve disputes through a neutral third party

Ex: The consumer opted for arbitration instead of pursuing a lawsuit against the product manufacturer for damages .

citation

[noun]

a reference to a specific legal source, like a law or court case, used to support arguments or statements in legal documents and writings

Ex: The legal brief submitted to the Supreme Court included citations to international treaties relevant to the case 's subject matter .

to waive

[Verb]

to voluntarily relinquish or give up a right, claim, or privilege

Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 6-7)

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 6-7) - Law