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Vocabulario para IELTS Academic (Puntuación 6-7) - Law

Aquí, aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con la Ley que son necesarias para el examen académico IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
amendment
amendment
[Sustantivo]

a formal change, addition, or alteration made to a law, contract, constitution, or other legal document

enmienda, modificación

enmienda, modificación

Ex: The teacher made an amendment to the syllabus to include an extra assignment .

El profesor hizo una enmienda al plan de estudios para incluir una tarea adicional.

legislation
legislation
[Sustantivo]

a formal rule or collection of rules enacted by a governing authority

legislación

legislación

Ex: The legislation banning single-use plastics will take effect next year .

La legislación que prohíbe los plásticos de un solo uso entrará en vigor el próximo año.

decree
decree
[Sustantivo]

an official authoritative decision or judgment, especially one made by a government or the ruler of a country

sentencia

sentencia

Ex: The local mayor issued a decree to improve public safety measures .

El alcalde local emitió un decreto para mejorar las medidas de seguridad pública.

statute
statute
[Sustantivo]

an officially written and established law

ley, estatuto

ley, estatuto

Ex: Under the statute, the company must provide annual safety training for employees .

Según el estatuto, la empresa debe proporcionar capacitación anual en seguridad para los empleados.

litigation
litigation
[Sustantivo]

the formal procedure of resolving disputes through the court system

litigio

litigio

Ex: The threat of litigation forced the firm to reconsider its policy .

La amenaza de litigio obligó a la empresa a reconsiderar su política.

prosecutor
prosecutor
[Sustantivo]

a legal official who represents the state in criminal proceedings and brings charges against individuals or organizations suspected of breaking the law

fiscal, procurador

fiscal, procurador

Ex: As the prosecutor, she was responsible for presenting the state 's case in court .

Como fiscal, era responsable de presentar el caso del estado en el tribunal.

attorney
attorney
[Sustantivo]

a lawyer who represents someone in a court of law

representante legal, apoderado

representante legal, apoderado

Ex: The attorney advised her on the best course of action for the lawsuit .

El abogado le aconsejó sobre el mejor curso de acción para la demanda.

solicitor
solicitor
[Sustantivo]

(in the UK) a lawyer who is entitled to give legal advice, prepare legal documents for contracts and defend people in lower courts of law

abogado

abogado

Ex: The solicitor explained the terms of the contract clearly .

El solicitor explicó claramente los términos del contrato.

plaintiff
plaintiff
[Sustantivo]

a person who brings a lawsuit against someone else in a court

demandante

demandante

Ex: During the trial , the plaintiff testified about the impact of the defendant 's actions .

Durante el juicio, el demandante testificó sobre el impacto de las acciones del acusado.

defendant
defendant
[Sustantivo]

a person in a law court who is sued by someone else or is accused of committing a crime

acusado

acusado

Ex: The defendant remained composed throughout the trial , maintaining innocence despite the prosecution 's strong arguments .

El acusado permaneció sereno durante todo el juicio, manteniendo su inocencia a pesar de los fuertes argumentos de la fiscalía.

conviction
conviction
[Sustantivo]

a formal declaration by which someone is found guilty of a crime in a court of law

condena

condena

Ex: She was shocked by his conviction, as he had always maintained his innocence .

Ella quedó impactada por su condena, ya que siempre había mantenido su inocencia.

verdict
verdict
[Sustantivo]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

veredicto

veredicto

Ex: The media reported on the landmark verdict that set a new precedent in criminal law .

Los medios informaron sobre el veredicto histórico que sentó un nuevo precedente en el derecho penal.

bail
bail
[Sustantivo]

an amount of money that must be paid in order for someone who is accused of a crime to be released until their trial

fianza

fianza

Ex: The suspect's family rallied together to raise money for his bail bond.

La familia del sospechoso se unió para recaudar dinero para su fianza libertad bajo fianza.

jury duty
jury duty
[Sustantivo]

a civic obligation requiring individuals to serve as members of a jury in a court of law

deber de jurado, servicio de jurado

deber de jurado, servicio de jurado

Ex: Jury duty can be an inconvenience for some individuals , but it is an essential part of our justice system .

El servicio de jurado puede ser un inconveniente para algunas personas, pero es una parte esencial de nuestro sistema de justicia.

probation
probation
[Sustantivo]

a legal arrangement in which a convicted offender is released under specific conditions instead of serving time in prison

libertad condicional

libertad condicional

Ex: Probation officers monitor compliance with court orders.

Los oficiales de libertad condicional supervisan el cumplimiento de las órdenes judiciales.

custody
custody
[Sustantivo]

the legal right or responsibility to care for and make decisions regarding a child, especially after a divorce or separation

custodia, tenencia

custodia, tenencia

Ex: She filed for custody to protect her child 's welfare .

Ella solicitó la custodia para proteger el bienestar de su hijo.

clemency
clemency
[Sustantivo]

compassion shown by a person in authority, especially by reducing a punishment

clemencia

clemencia

Ex: Clemency can be a powerful tool for justice when used wisely .

La clemencia puede ser una herramienta poderosa para la justicia cuando se usa sabiamente.

to vindicate

to clear someone from blame or suspicion and prove their innocence

vindicar

vindicar

Ex: The judge 's ruling vindicated him , confirming his innocence beyond a doubt .

El fallo del juez lo vindicó, confirmando su inocencia más allá de toda duda.

to overrule

to use one's official or political authority to change or reject a previously made decision

anular, invalidar

anular, invalidar

Ex: In constitutional law , a higher court can overrule legislation if it is deemed unconstitutional .

En el derecho constitucional, un tribunal superior puede anular una legislación si se considera inconstitucional.

to pass
to pass
[Verbo]

to make or accept a law by voting or by decree

aprobar, decretar

aprobar, decretar

Ex: The United Nations Security Council has passed a resolution asking the two countries to resume peace negotiations .

El Consejo de Seguridad de las Naciones Unidas ha aprobado una resolución pidiendo a los dos países que reanuden las negociaciones de paz.

to intervene

to become a party in a lawsuit because of a vested interest in the outcome

intervenir, interponerse

intervenir, interponerse

Ex: The insurance company sought permission to intervene, claiming a substantial interest in the resolution of the legal dispute .

La compañía de seguros solicitó permiso para intervenir, alegando un interés sustancial en la resolución de la disputa legal.

to amend
to amend
[Verbo]

to make changes or additions to a document, law, contract, or similar text in order to correct or update it

modificar, enmendar

modificar, enmendar

Ex: The team worked collaboratively to amend the contract and include additional terms .

El equipo trabajó en colaboración para modificar el contrato e incluir términos adicionales.

to prosecute

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

procesar

procesar

Ex: He hired an expert to help prosecute the case , ensuring every legal angle was covered .

Contrató a un experto para ayudar a procesar el caso, asegurándose de que todos los ángulos legales estuvieran cubiertos.

to acquit
to acquit
[Verbo]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

absolver

absolver

Ex: The exoneration process ultimately led to the court 's decision to acquit the defendant of all charges .

El proceso de exoneración finalmente llevó a la decisión del tribunal de absolver al acusado de todos los cargos.

to outlaw
to outlaw
[Verbo]

to officially state that something is illegal

prohibir

prohibir

Ex: To address concerns about privacy , the government moved to outlaw certain intrusive surveillance practices .

Para abordar las preocupaciones sobre la privacidad, el gobierno procedió a prohibir ciertas prácticas de vigilancia intrusivas.

to validate

to confirm or verify the legality or legitimacy of something, typically a document, contract, or action

validar, confirmar

validar, confirmar

Ex: The prosecutor sought to validate the search warrant used to obtain evidence in the criminal case .

El fiscal buscó validar la orden de registro utilizada para obtener pruebas en el caso penal.

arbitration
arbitration
[Sustantivo]

a process where parties resolve disputes through a neutral third party

arbitraje

arbitraje

Ex: The consumer opted for arbitration instead of pursuing a lawsuit against the product manufacturer for damages .

El consumidor optó por el arbitraje en lugar de presentar una demanda contra el fabricante del producto por daños.

citation
citation
[Sustantivo]

a reference to a specific legal source, like a law or court case, used to support arguments or statements in legal documents and writings

cita

cita

Ex: The legal brief submitted to the Supreme Court included citations to international treaties relevant to the case 's subject matter .

El escrito legal presentado ante la Corte Suprema incluía citas de tratados internacionales relevantes para el tema del caso.

to waive
to waive
[Verbo]

to voluntarily relinquish or give up a right, claim, or privilege

renunciar a

renunciar a

Ex: They waived the rules for this special case .

Renunciaron a las reglas para este caso especial.

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