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托福必备词汇 - 农业与植物

在这里,你将学习一些关于农业和植物的英语单词,如“产量”、“干草”、“收割”等,这些是托福考试所需要的。

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
agricultural
agricultural
[形容词]

related to the practice or science of farming

农业的, 农学的

农业的, 农学的

Ex: Many rural communities rely heavily on agricultural activities for their livelihoods. 

许多农村社区严重依赖农业活动来维持生计。

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peasant
peasant
[名词]

a farmer who owns or rents a small piece of land, particularly in the past or in poorer countries

农民, 农夫

农民, 农夫

Ex: In many poorer countries, peasants continue to use traditional farming methods handed down from their ancestors. 
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to cultivate
to cultivate
[动词]

to grow plants or crops, especially for farming or commercial purposes

种植, 栽培

种植, 栽培

Ex: They cultivate strawberries in greenhouses to sell at the market. 

他们在温室里种植草莓以在市场上出售。

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to yield
to yield
[动词]

(of a farm or an industry) to grow or produce a crop or product

生产, 产出

生产, 产出

Ex: This vineyard yields high-quality grapes that are used to produce exceptional wines. 
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harvest
harvest
[名词]

the amount of crops or produce gathered during a particular season

收成,  收获

收成, 收获

Ex: Heavy rain damaged much of the grape harvest. 
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growing season

a time of the year during which the plants have good condition to grow

生长季节, 生长期

生长季节, 生长期

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plantation
plantation
[名词]

a large piece of land used for growing sugar cane, coffee, tea, etc., particularly in a hot country

种植园, 庄园

种植园, 庄园

Ex: The workers on the plantation often lived in simple housing near the fields. 

种植园的工人经常住在田地附近的简单住房里。

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to raise
to raise
[动词]

to grow or reproduce animals or plants

饲养, 种植

饲养, 种植

Ex: Jim retired to raise raspberries. 
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to produce
to produce
[动词]

to raise or grow something naturally, in large numbers

生产, 种植

生产, 种植

Ex: All our meat is locally produced. 
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to plow
to plow
[动词]

to use a large farming equipment to dig the ground and make it ready for farming

犁地, 耕地

犁地, 耕地

Ex: They plow the land with a tractor to break up the soil and remove weeds. 
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to reap
to reap
[动词]

to cut or gather a crop

收割, 收获

收割, 收获

Ex: They reap ripe apples from the orchard trees in autumn. 

秋天,他们从果园的树上收割成熟的苹果。

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cereal
cereal
[名词]

any food product made from the starchy grains of cereal grasses

谷物, 谷物产品

谷物, 谷物产品

Ex: Rice and corn are used to produce various cereals. 

大米和玉米被用来生产各种谷物。

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crop
crop
[名词]

all the fruit, wheat, etc. harvested during a season

收成, 庄稼

收成, 庄稼

Ex: The rice crop is usually ready for harvest in late autumn. 
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wheat
wheat
[名词]

the common grain that is used in making flour, taken from a cereal grass which is green and tall

小麦, 麦粒

小麦, 麦粒

Ex: The recipe called for wheat to be ground into flour for making bread. 

食谱要求将小麦磨成面粉来制作面包。

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soy
soy
[名词]

a leguminous plant rich in protein, used for food, fodder, and protein replacement

大豆, 黄豆

大豆, 黄豆

Ex: Tofu is made from soy. 

豆腐是由大豆制成的。

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sugar cane
sugar cane
[名词]

a type of tall tropical plant that sugar can be extracted from its stems

甘蔗, 糖蔗

甘蔗, 糖蔗

Ex: The sugar cane is harvested by cutting the tall stalks close to the ground. 

甘蔗是通过将高大的茎秆靠近地面切割来收获的。

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barley
barley
[名词]

a single seed or grain of the cereal plant barley

一粒大麦, 大麦

一粒大麦, 大麦

Ex: A single barley can be planted to grow a new stalk. 

一粒大麦可以种植以生长出新茎。

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hay
hay
[名词]

cut and dried grass, for animals to feed on

干草, 干燥的草

干草, 干燥的草

Ex: Horses enjoy eating fresh hay after a long day of work. 
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vineyard
vineyard
[名词]

a piece of land on which grapes are grown to make wine

葡萄园

葡萄园

Ex: The vineyard stretches across the hills, filled with rows of grapevines. 

葡萄园遍布山丘,到处都是成排的葡萄藤。

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mill
mill
[名词]

a building in which flour is made out of grain

磨坊, 面粉厂

磨坊, 面粉厂

Ex: Grain was delivered to the mill by truck. 
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ripe
ripe
[形容词]

(of fruit or crop) fully developed and ready for consumption

成熟的, 可以食用的

成熟的, 可以食用的

Ex: She picked a ripe avocado that yielded slightly to gentle pressure. 

她选了一个成熟的鳄梨,轻轻一压就有点软。

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pest
pest
[名词]

an insect or small animal that destroys or damages crops, food, etc.

害虫, 有害动物

害虫, 有害动物

Ex: Aphids are a common pest in vegetable gardens. 

蚜虫是菜园里常见的害虫。

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pesticide
pesticide
[名词]

a type of chemical substance that is used for killing insects or small animals that damage food or crops

农药, 杀虫剂

农药, 杀虫剂

Ex: Some people prefer organic farming methods that avoid using synthetic pesticides. 

有些人更喜欢避免使用合成农药的有机耕作方法。

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livestock
livestock
[名词]

animals that are kept on a farm, such as cows, pigs, or sheep

牲畜, 家畜

牲畜, 家畜

Ex: Farmers often sell their livestock at the market for profit. 

农民经常在市场上出售他们的牲畜以获利。

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dairy
dairy
[名词]

milk and milk products that are produced by mammals such as cows, goats, and sheep collectively

乳制品, 奶制品

乳制品, 奶制品

Ex: The farm sells fresh dairy products, including organic yogurt and cream. 

农场销售新鲜的乳制品,包括有机酸奶和奶油。

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to fertilize
to fertilize
[动词]

to increase productivity of the soil by spreading suitable substances on it

施肥, 使肥沃

施肥, 使肥沃

Ex: They fertilize their lawns with a balanced fertilizer to promote healthy grass growth. 

他们用平衡的肥料施肥草坪,以促进草的健康生长。

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fertilizer
fertilizer
[名词]

a chemical or natural material that is added to the soil to improve its productivity and help plants grow

肥料, 化肥

肥料, 化肥

Ex: I use organic fertilizer on my vegetable garden to avoid chemicals. 

我在我的菜园里使用有机肥料以避免化学品。

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barn
barn
[名词]

a large farm building used for storing crops, animal feed, equipment, or housing livestock

谷仓,  牲口棚

谷仓, 牲口棚

Ex: Emma went to the barn to feed the horses. 
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stable
stable
[名词]

a building, typically found on a farm, designed to house horses

马厩, 马棚

马厩, 马棚

Ex: Each horse in the stable had its own stall with fresh bedding and access to food and water. 
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greenhouse
greenhouse
[名词]

a glass structure used for growing plants in and protecting them from cold weather

温室, 暖房

温室, 暖房

Ex: The greenhouse was filled with tropical plants and flowers. 

温室里种满了热带植物和花卉。

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to bloom
to bloom
[动词]

(of a plant) to produce flowers and display them in full color

开花, 盛开

开花, 盛开

Ex: Each spring, the cherry trees bloom with clusters of pink and white flowers. 

每年春天,樱桃树都会开花,开出一簇簇粉红色和白色的花朵。

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bud
bud
[名词]

a part of a plant from which new flowers, leaves, or stems develop

芽, 花蕾

芽, 花蕾

Ex: The tree branches were covered in tiny buds, promising new leaves and flowers in the coming spring. 

树枝上布满了小小的芽,预示着来年春天新叶和花朵的到来。

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bush
bush
[名词]

a type of plant small in size with several stems in the ground

灌木, 灌木丛

灌木, 灌木丛

Ex: They trimmed the overgrown bush to shape it into a neat, decorative hedge along the walkway. 
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weed
weed
[名词]

any wild and unwanted plant that may harm the process of growth in a farm or garden

杂草, 野草

杂草, 野草

Ex: To keep the lawn looking neat, he regularly mowed and removed any weeds that sprouted. 
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root
root
[名词]

the underground part of a plant that absorbs water and minerals, sending it to other parts

根, 根须

根, 根须

Ex: The gardener dug up the old tree to remove its large, tangled roots that had spread throughout the garden. 
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palm
palm
[名词]

a tropical or subtropical tree with a usually unbranched trunk and large feather-shaped or fan-shaped leaves

棕榈,  棕榈树

棕榈, 棕榈树

Ex: A coconut palm grew beside the house. 
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oak
oak
[名词]

a large tree that produces acorns and is valued for its hard, strong wood

Ex: The children collected acorns beneath the oak. 
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