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Vocabulário Essencial para o TOEFL - Agricultura e Plantas

Aqui você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês sobre agricultura e plantas, como "rendimento", "feno", "colher", etc., que são necessárias para o exame TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
agricultural
agricultural
[adjetivo]

related to the practice or science of farming

agrícola, agropecuário

agrícola, agropecuário

Ex: Sustainable agricultural methods aim to minimize environmental impact while maximizing productivity. 

Os métodos agrícolas sustentáveis visam minimizar o impacto ambiental enquanto maximizam a produtividade.

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peasant
peasant
[substantivo]

a farmer who owns or rents a small piece of land, particularly in the past or in poorer countries

camponês, agricultor

camponês, agricultor

Ex: The peasant's small plot of land was just enough to sustain his household through the seasons. 
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to cultivate

to grow plants or crops, especially for farming or commercial purposes

cultivar, plantar

cultivar, plantar

Ex: Farmers cultivate crops like corn and soybeans in the Midwest. 

Os agricultores cultivam culturas como milho e soja no Centro-Oeste.

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to yield
to yield
[verbo]

(of a farm or an industry) to grow or produce a crop or product

produzir, render

produzir, render

Ex: The fertile soil in this region yields abundant crops of wheat and corn. 
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harvest
harvest
[substantivo]

the amount of crops or produce gathered during a particular season

colheita,  safra

colheita, safra

Ex: This year's rice harvest should be enough to meet local demand. 
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growing season
growing season
[substantivo]

a time of the year during which the plants have good condition to grow

estação de crescimento, período de crescimento

estação de crescimento, período de crescimento

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plantation
plantation
[substantivo]

a large piece of land used for growing sugar cane, coffee, tea, etc., particularly in a hot country

plantação, fazenda

plantação, fazenda

Ex: A variety of crops can be cultivated on a single plantation. 

Uma variedade de culturas pode ser cultivada em uma única plantação.

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to raise
to raise
[verbo]

to grow or reproduce animals or plants

criar, cultivar

criar, cultivar

Ex: Farmers cleared the land in order to raise cattle. 
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to produce
to produce
[verbo]

to raise or grow something naturally, in large numbers

produzir, cultivar

produzir, cultivar

Ex: Under stress, the body produces adrenalin. 
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to plow
to plow
[verbo]

to use a large farming equipment to dig the ground and make it ready for farming

arar, lavrar a terra

arar, lavrar a terra

Ex: The farmers plow the field in straight rows to optimize planting efficiency. 
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to reap
to reap
[verbo]

to cut or gather a crop

colher, ceifar

colher, ceifar

Ex: He reaps hay from the meadow to feed the livestock during the winter. 

Ele ceifa feno do prado para alimentar o gado durante o inverno.

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cereal
cereal
[substantivo]

any food product made from the starchy grains of cereal grasses

cereal, cereais

cereal, cereais

Ex: Breakfast cereals are a convenient form of cereal. 

Os cereais matinais são uma forma conveniente de cereais.

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crop
crop
[substantivo]

all the fruit, wheat, etc. harvested during a season

colheita, safra

colheita, safra

Ex: Farmers rotate their crops to maintain soil health and fertility. 
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wheat
wheat
[substantivo]

the common grain that is used in making flour, taken from a cereal grass which is green and tall

trigo, grão de trigo

trigo, grão de trigo

Ex: The farmer harvested wheat from the fields to produce flour for local bakeries. 

O agricultor colheu trigo dos campos para produzir farinha para padarias locais.

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soy
soy
[substantivo]

a leguminous plant rich in protein, used for food, fodder, and protein replacement

soja, soya

soja, soya

Ex: Soy can replace animal protein in many recipes. 

A soja pode substituir a proteína animal em muitas receitas.

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sugar cane
sugar cane
[substantivo]

a type of tall tropical plant that sugar can be extracted from its stems

cana-de-açúcar, planta de açúcar

cana-de-açúcar, planta de açúcar

Ex: Many products, such as molasses and ethanol, can be made from sugar cane. 

Muitos produtos, como melaço e etanol, podem ser feitos a partir de cana-de-açúcar.

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barley
barley
[substantivo]

a single seed or grain of the cereal plant barley

um grão de cevada, uma cevada

um grão de cevada, uma cevada

Ex: Barley grains are often soaked before cooking. 

Os grãos de cevada são frequentemente embebidos antes de cozinhar.

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hay
hay
[substantivo]

cut and dried grass, for animals to feed on

feno, grama seca

feno, grama seca

Ex: The farmer sold bundles of hay at the local market to other livestock owners. 

O agricultor vendeu fardos de feno no mercado local para outros donos de gado.

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vineyard
vineyard
[substantivo]

a piece of land on which grapes are grown to make wine

vinha

vinha

Ex: They planted a small vineyard on their property as a hobby. 

Eles plantaram um pequeno vinhedo em sua propriedade como hobby.

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mill
mill
[substantivo]

a building in which flour is made out of grain

moinho, fábrica de farinha

moinho, fábrica de farinha

Ex: The river once powered several mills in the region. 
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ripe
ripe
[adjetivo]

(of fruit or crop) fully developed and ready for consumption

maduro, pronto para consumo

maduro, pronto para consumo

Ex: The tomatoes were perfectly ripe, with a vibrant red color and firm texture. 

Os tomates estavam perfeitamente maduros, com uma cor vermelha vibrante e textura firme.

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pest
pest
[substantivo]

an insect or small animal that destroys or damages crops, food, etc.

praga, inseto nocivo

praga, inseto nocivo

Ex: Farmers use natural predators to reduce the number of pests. 

Os agricultores usam predadores naturais para reduzir o número de pragas.

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pesticide
pesticide
[substantivo]

a type of chemical substance that is used for killing insects or small animals that damage food or crops

pesticida, agrotóxico

pesticida, agrotóxico

Ex: Excessive use of pesticides can harm beneficial insects and the environment. 

O uso excessivo de pesticidas pode prejudicar insetos benéficos e o meio ambiente.

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livestock
livestock
[substantivo]

animals that are kept on a farm, such as cows, pigs, or sheep

gado, animais de fazenda

gado, animais de fazenda

Ex: The livestock provided the family with food and income for many years. 

O gado forneceu à família alimento e renda por muitos anos.

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dairy
dairy
[substantivo]

milk and milk products that are produced by mammals such as cows, goats, and sheep collectively

produtos lácteos, laticínios

produtos lácteos, laticínios

Ex: Calcium from dairy helps keep bones strong. 

O cálcio dos produtos lácteos ajuda a manter os ossos fortes.

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to fertilize

to increase productivity of the soil by spreading suitable substances on it

fertilizar, adubar

fertilizar, adubar

Ex: Don't forget to fertilize potted plants regularly to support their growth and vitality. 

Não se esqueça de fertilizar as plantas em vasos regularmente para apoiar seu crescimento e vitalidade.

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fertilizer
fertilizer
[substantivo]

a chemical or natural material that is added to the soil to improve its productivity and help plants grow

fertilizante, adubo

fertilizante, adubo

Ex: Too much fertilizer can harm plants, so it is important to follow the instructions. 

Muito fertilizante pode prejudicar as plantas, por isso é importante seguir as instruções.

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barn
barn
[substantivo]

a large farm building used for storing crops, animal feed, equipment, or housing livestock

celeiro,  estábulo

celeiro, estábulo

Ex: The cows stayed in the barn during the storm. 
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stable
stable
[substantivo]

a building, typically found on a farm, designed to house horses

estábulo, cavalariça

estábulo, cavalariça

Ex: The horses were led back to the stable before dark. 
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greenhouse
greenhouse
[substantivo]

a glass structure used for growing plants in and protecting them from cold weather

estufa, casa de vegetação

estufa, casa de vegetação

Ex: The school’s greenhouse is used to teach students about botany. 

A estufa da escola é usada para ensinar botânica aos alunos.

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to bloom
to bloom
[verbo]

(of a plant) to produce flowers and display them in full color

florescer, desabrochar

florescer, desabrochar

Ex: With the right conditions, the hibiscus plant will bloom year-round. 

Com as condições certas, a planta de hibisco florescerá durante todo o ano.

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bud
bud
[substantivo]

a part of a plant from which new flowers, leaves, or stems develop

broto, botão

broto, botão

Ex: As winter ended, the buds on the cherry tree began to swell, signaling the start of a new growing season. 

Quando o inverno terminou, os botões da cerejeira começaram a inchar, sinalizando o início de uma nova estação de crescimento.

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bush
bush
[substantivo]

a type of plant small in size with several stems in the ground

arbusto, moita

arbusto, moita

Ex: A flowering bush grew beside the front door. 
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weed
weed
[substantivo]

any wild and unwanted plant that may harm the process of growth in a farm or garden

erva daninha, mato

erva daninha, mato

Ex: Weeds were growing between the vegetables. 
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root
root
[substantivo]

the underground part of a plant that absorbs water and minerals, sending it to other parts

raiz, radícula

raiz, radícula

Ex: She spread the tree's roots carefully in the hole. 
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palm
palm
[substantivo]

a tropical or subtropical tree with a usually unbranched trunk and large feather-shaped or fan-shaped leaves

palmeira,  palma

palmeira, palma

Ex: Rows of palms surrounded the hotel. 
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oak
oak
[substantivo]

a large tree that produces acorns and is valued for its hard, strong wood

carvalho,  carvalheiro

carvalho, carvalheiro

Ex: We rested in the shade of a large oak. 
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