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Vocabulario Esencial para el TOEFL - Agricultura y Plantas

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre agricultura y plantas, como "yield", "hay", "reap", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
agricultural
[Adjetivo]

related to the practice or science of farming

agrícola, agrónomo

agrícola, agrónomo

Ex: Sustainable agricultural methods aim to minimize environmental impact while maximizing productivity .Los métodos **agrícolas** sostenibles tienen como objetivo minimizar el impacto ambiental mientras maximizan la productividad.
peasant
[Sustantivo]

a farmer who owns or rents a small piece of land, particularly in the past or in poorer countries

campesino

campesino

Ex: In many poorer countries , peasants continue to use traditional farming methods handed down from their ancestors .En muchos países más pobres, los **campesinos** siguen utilizando métodos agrícolas tradicionales transmitidos por sus antepasados.

to grow plants or crops, especially for farming or commercial purposes

cultivar

cultivar

Ex: Farmers cultivate crops like corn and soybeans in the Midwest .Los agricultores **cultivan** cultivos como el maíz y la soja en el Medio Oeste.
to yield
[Verbo]

(of a farm or an industry) to grow or produce a crop or product

producir

producir

Ex: This vineyard yields high-quality grapes that are used to produce exceptional wines .Este viñedo **produce** uvas de alta calidad que se utilizan para elaborar vinos excepcionales.
harvest
[Sustantivo]

agricultural products collected from one crop season

cosechar

cosechar

growing season
[Sustantivo]

a time of the year during which the plants have good condition to grow

temporada de cultivo

temporada de cultivo

plantation
[Sustantivo]

a large piece of land used for growing sugar cane, coffee, tea, etc., particularly in a hot country

plantación

plantación

Ex: A variety of crops can be cultivated on a single plantation.Se pueden cultivar una variedad de cultivos en una sola **plantación**.
to raise
[Verbo]

to grow or reproduce animals or plants

criar, cultivar

criar, cultivar

Ex: They raised pigs and kept a pony .Ellos **criaban** cerdos y tenían un pony.
to produce
[Verbo]

to raise or grow something naturally, in large numbers

producir

producir

Ex: Under stress , the body produces adrenalin .Bajo estrés, el cuerpo **produce** adrenalina.
to plow
[Verbo]

to use a large farming equipment to dig the ground and make it ready for farming

arar

arar

Ex: The farmers plow the field in straight rows to optimize planting efficiency .Los agricultores **arran** el campo en hileras rectas para optimizar la eficiencia de la siembra.
to reap
[Verbo]

to cut or gather a crop

cosechar

cosechar

Ex: He reaps hay from the meadow to feed the livestock during the winter .Él **cosecha** heno del prado para alimentar al ganado durante el invierno.
cereal
[Sustantivo]

any plant that is produced for grains that can be eaten or used in making flour

cereal

cereal

Ex: They use cereal as a crunchy topping for their homemade ice cream sundaes .Usan **cereales** como un topping crujiente para sus helados sundae caseros.
crop
[Sustantivo]

all the fruit, wheat, etc. harvested during a season

cultivo, cosecha

cultivo, cosecha

Ex: The rice crop is usually ready for harvest in late autumn .El **cultivo** de arroz suele estar listo para la cosecha a finales del otoño.
wheat
[Sustantivo]

the common grain that is used in making flour, taken from a cereal grass which is green and tall

trigo

trigo

Ex: He avoided products containing wheat due to his gluten sensitivity .Evitaba los productos que contenían **trigo** debido a su sensibilidad al gluten.
soy
[Sustantivo]

a legume native to East Asia, commonly used in various food products and for its oil

soya, soja

soya, soja

Ex: Fermented soy products like miso and tempeh are popular in Asian cuisines for their rich flavor .Los productos fermentados de **soja** como el miso y el tempeh son populares en las cocinas asiáticas por su rico sabor.
sugar cane
[Sustantivo]

a type of tall tropical plant that sugar can be extracted from its stems

caña de azúcar

caña de azúcar

Ex: Many products , such as molasses and ethanol , can be made from sugar cane.Muchos productos, como la melaza y el etanol, se pueden hacer a partir de **caña de azúcar**.
barley
[Sustantivo]

a cereal grain used as food for humans and animals and for making alcoholic beverages

cebada

cebada

Ex: The brewery sourced its barley from local farms to ensure freshness .La cervecería obtenía su **cebada** de granjas locales para garantizar su frescura.
hay
[Sustantivo]

cut and dried grass, for animals to feed on

heno

heno

Ex: The farmer sold bundles of hay at the local market to other livestock owners .El agricultor vendió fardos de **heno** en el mercado local a otros dueños de ganado.
vineyard
[Sustantivo]

a piece of land on which grapes are grown to make wine

viña, viñedo

viña, viñedo

Ex: They planted a small vineyard on their property as a hobby .Plantaron un pequeño **viñedo** en su propiedad como pasatiempo.
mill
[Sustantivo]

a building in which flour is made out of grain

molino

molino

ripe
[Adjetivo]

(of fruit or crop) fully developed and ready for consumption

maduro

maduro

Ex: The tomatoes were perfectly ripe, with a vibrant red color and firm texture .Los tomates estaban perfectamente **maduros**, con un color rojo vibrante y una textura firme.
pest
[Sustantivo]

an insect or small animal that destroys or damages crops, food, etc.

peste, plaga

peste, plaga

pesticide
[Sustantivo]

a type of chemical substance that is used for killing insects or small animals that damage food or crops

pesticida

pesticida

Ex: Excessive use of pesticides can harm beneficial insects and the environment .El uso excesivo de **pesticidas** puede dañar a los insectos beneficiosos y al medio ambiente.
livestock
[Sustantivo]

animals that are kept on a farm, such as cows, pigs, or sheep

ganado

ganado

Ex: The livestock provided the family with food and income for many years .El **ganado** proporcionó a la familia alimento e ingresos durante muchos años.
dairy
[Sustantivo]

milk and milk products that are produced by mammals such as cows, goats, and sheep collectively

lácteos

lácteos

to increase productivity of the soil by spreading suitable substances on it

fertilizar

fertilizar

Ex: Do n't forget to fertilize potted plants regularly to support their growth and vitality .No olvides **fertilizar** las plantas en maceta regularmente para apoyar su crecimiento y vitalidad.
fertilizer
[Sustantivo]

a chemical or natural material that is added to the soil to improve its productivity and help plants grow

fertilizante

fertilizante

Ex: Too much fertilizer can harm plants , so it is important to follow the instructions .Demasiado **fertilizante** puede dañar las plantas, por lo que es importante seguir las instrucciones.
barn
[Sustantivo]

a building on a farm in which people keep their animals, straw, hay, or grains

establo

establo

stable
[Sustantivo]

a building, typically found on a farm, designed to house horses

cuadra, caballeriza

cuadra, caballeriza

Ex: During the storm, the horses sought refuge in the stable, finding comfort and safety in their familiar surroundings.Durante la tormenta, los caballos buscaron refugio en **el establo**, encontrando consuelo y seguridad en su entorno familiar.
greenhouse
[Sustantivo]

a glass structure used for growing plants in and protecting them from cold weather

invernadero

invernadero

Ex: The school ’s greenhouse is used to teach students about botany .El **invernadero** de la escuela se utiliza para enseñar botánica a los estudiantes.
to bloom
[Verbo]

(of a plant) to produce flowers and display them in full color

florecer

florecer

Ex: With the right conditions , the hibiscus plant will bloom year-round .Con las condiciones adecuadas, la planta de hibisco **florecerá** durante todo el año.
bud
[Sustantivo]

a part of a plant from which new flowers, leaves, or stems develop

capullo, brote, yema

capullo, brote, yema

Ex: The plant ’s new buds emerged quickly after being transplanted into a larger pot with fresh soil .Los nuevos **brotes** de la planta emergieron rápidamente después de ser trasplantados a una maceta más grande con tierra fresca.
bush
[Sustantivo]

a type of plant small in size with several stems in the ground

arbusto

arbusto

Ex: The children hid behind the bush during their game of hide and seek , enjoying the game ’s excitement .Los niños se escondieron detrás del **arbusto** durante su juego de escondite, disfrutando de la emoción del juego.
weed
[Sustantivo]

any wild and unwanted plant that may harm the process of growth in a farm or garden

mala hierba, maleza

mala hierba, maleza

Ex: Weeds had started to grow in the cracks of the driveway, giving the area an unkempt appearance.Las **malas hierbas** habían empezado a crecer en las grietas del camino, dando al área un aspecto descuidado.
root
[Sustantivo]

the underground part of a plant that absorbs water and minerals, sending it to other parts

raíz

raíz

Ex: The herbalist used the root of the herb in the remedy , valuing its medicinal properties .El herbolario usó la **raíz** de la hierba en el remedio, valorando sus propiedades medicinales.
palm
[Sustantivo]

a tropical tree with a big trunk and feather-like or fan-shaped leaves

palma

palma

Ex: The resort was dotted with towering palms, creating a serene and picturesque environment .El complejo estaba salpicado de altos **palmeras**, creando un ambiente sereno y pintoresco.
oak
[Sustantivo]

a large tree, known for its strong wood and popular fruit

roble

roble

Ex: The oak tree provided shade and shelter for the animals in the woodland ecosystem.El roble (**oak**) proporcionaba sombra y refugio a los animales en el ecosistema del bosque.
Vocabulario Esencial para el TOEFL
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