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Základní Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Zemědělství a Rostliny

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova o zemědělství a rostlinách, jako je "výnos", "seno", "sklízet" atd., která jsou potřebná pro zkoušku TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
agricultural
agricultural
[Přídavné jméno]

related to the practice or science of farming

zemědělský, agrární

zemědělský, agrární

Ex: Agricultural practices involve the growing of crops and raising of livestock for food production. 
peasant
peasant
[Podstatné jméno]

a farmer who owns or rents a small piece of land, particularly in the past or in poorer countries

rolník, zemědělec

rolník, zemědělec

Ex: The peasant worked tirelessly in the fields, cultivating crops to feed his family and sell at the market. 
to cultivate
to cultivate
[sloveso]

to grow plants or crops, especially for farming or commercial purposes

pěstovat, obdělávat

pěstovat, obdělávat

Ex: The farm cultivates wheat to supply local bakeries. 
to yield
to yield
[sloveso]

(of a farm or an industry) to grow or produce a crop or product

produkovat, dávat

produkovat, dávat

Ex: The apple orchard typically yields a bountiful harvest each year. 
harvest
harvest
[Podstatné jméno]

the amount of produce gathered from crops during one growing season

sklizeň, úroda

sklizeň, úroda

Ex: The wheat harvest this year exceeded expectations. 
growing season
growing season
[Podstatné jméno]

a time of the year during which the plants have good condition to grow

vegetační období, období růstu

vegetační období, období růstu

plantation
plantation
[Podstatné jméno]

a large piece of land used for growing sugar cane, coffee, tea, etc., particularly in a hot country

plantáž, statek

plantáž, statek

Ex: The plantation produced large quantities of sugarcane for export. 
to raise
to raise
[sloveso]

to grow or reproduce animals or plants

chovat, pěstovat

chovat, pěstovat

Ex: Farmers cleared the land in order to raise cattle. 
to produce
to produce
[sloveso]

to raise or grow something naturally, in large numbers

produkovat, pěstovat

produkovat, pěstovat

Ex: All our meat is locally produced. 
to plow
to plow
[sloveso]

to use a large farming equipment to dig the ground and make it ready for farming

orat, obdělávat půdu

orat, obdělávat půdu

Ex: The farmer plows the field in the spring to prepare for planting crops. 
to reap
to reap
[sloveso]

to cut or gather a crop

sklízet, žnout

sklízet, žnout

Ex: The farmers reap wheat from the fields during the summer harvest. 
cereal
cereal
[Podstatné jméno]

any food product made from the starchy grains of cereal grasses

obilniny, obilné výrobky

obilniny, obilné výrobky

Ex: Flour, porridge, and cereal bars are all cereal products. 
crop
crop
[Podstatné jméno]

all the fruit, wheat, etc. harvested during a season

úroda, sklizeň

úroda, sklizeň

Ex: The farmer harvested a large crop of corn this year. 
wheat
wheat
[Podstatné jméno]

the common grain that is used in making flour, taken from a cereal grass which is green and tall

pšenice, pšeničné zrno

pšenice, pšeničné zrno

Ex: The recipe called for wheat to be ground into flour for making bread. 
soy
soy
[Podstatné jméno]

a leguminous plant rich in protein, used for food, fodder, and protein replacement

sója, sójové boby

sója, sójové boby

Ex: Soy is a major source of plant-based protein. 
sugar cane
sugar cane
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of tall tropical plant that sugar can be extracted from its stems

cukrová třtina, cukrová rostlina

cukrová třtina, cukrová rostlina

Ex: The farmers grow sugar cane in large fields to produce sugar. 
barley
barley
[Podstatné jméno]

a single seed or grain of the cereal plant barley

zrno ječmene, ječmen

zrno ječmene, ječmen

Ex: He picked a barley from the sack and examined it closely. 
hay
hay
[Podstatné jméno]

cut and dried grass, for animals to feed on

seno, sušená tráva

seno, sušená tráva

Ex: The farmer stacked bales of hay in the barn for the winter. 
vineyard
vineyard
[Podstatné jméno]

a piece of land on which grapes are grown to make wine

vinice

vinice

Ex: They visited a vineyard in France to learn about winemaking. 
mill
mill
[Podstatné jméno]

a building in which flour is made out of grain

mlýn, moučný mlýn

mlýn, moučný mlýn

ripe
ripe
[Přídavné jméno]

(of fruit or crop) fully developed and ready for consumption

zralý, připravený ke konzumaci

zralý, připravený ke konzumaci

Ex: You can enjoy the natural sweetness of a ripe peach by biting into it and letting the juice drip down your chin. 
pest
pest
[Podstatné jméno]

an insect or small animal that destroys or damages crops, food, etc.

škůdce, škodlivý hmyz

škůdce, škodlivý hmyz

Ex: The farmer sprayed the field to control the pest. 
pesticide
pesticide
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of chemical substance that is used for killing insects or small animals that damage food or crops

pesticid, insekticid

pesticid, insekticid

Ex: The farmer applied pesticide to protect his crops from harmful insects. 
livestock
livestock
[Podstatné jméno]

animals that are kept on a farm, such as cows, pigs, or sheep

dobytek, hospodářská zvířata

dobytek, hospodářská zvířata

Ex: The farm had a variety of livestock, including cows, pigs, and sheep. 
dairy
dairy
[Podstatné jméno]

milk and milk products that are produced by mammals such as cows, goats, and sheep collectively

mléčné výrobky, mlékařské výrobky

mléčné výrobky, mlékařské výrobky

Ex: She avoids dairy because she's lactose intolerant. 
to fertilize
to fertilize
[sloveso]

to increase productivity of the soil by spreading suitable substances on it

hnojit, obohacovat

hnojit, obohacovat

Ex: Gardeners fertilize their vegetable patches with compost to enrich the soil with nutrients. 
fertilizer
fertilizer
[Podstatné jméno]

a chemical or natural material that is added to the soil to improve its productivity and help plants grow

hnojivo, přípravek na zlepšení půdy

hnojivo, přípravek na zlepšení půdy

Ex: The gardener added fertilizer to the soil to help the plants grow strong and healthy. 
barn
barn
[Podstatné jméno]

a large farm building used to keep animals and store crops or feed

stodola, chlév

stodola, chlév

Ex: The cows are inside the barn. 
stable
stable
[Podstatné jméno]

a building, typically found on a farm, designed to house horses

stáj, konírna

stáj, konírna

Ex: The rancher built a new stable to accommodate the growing number of horses on the farm. 
greenhouse
greenhouse
[Podstatné jméno]

a glass structure used for growing plants in and protecting them from cold weather

skleník, fóliovník

skleník, fóliovník

Ex: They built a greenhouse to grow vegetables year-round. 
to bloom
to bloom
[sloveso]

(of a plant) to produce flowers and display them in full color

kvést, vykvést

kvést, vykvést

Ex: The rose bushes bloomed beautifully in the garden this summer. 
bud
bud
[Podstatné jméno]

a part of a plant from which new flowers, leaves, or stems develop

pupen, výhonek

pupen, výhonek

Ex: The tree branches were covered in tiny buds, promising new leaves and flowers in the coming spring. 
bush
bush
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of plant small in size with several stems in the ground

keř, křoví

keř, křoví

Ex: The garden was neatly arranged with colorful bushes, adding structure and vibrancy to the outdoor space. 
weed
weed
[Podstatné jméno]

any wild and unwanted plant that may harm the process of growth in a farm or garden

plevel, škodlivá rostlina

plevel, škodlivá rostlina

Ex: After a few weeks of neglect, the garden was overrun with weeds, so she spent the afternoon pulling them out. 
root
root
[Podstatné jméno]

the underground part of a plant that absorbs water and minerals, sending it to other parts

kořen, kořínek

kořen, kořínek

Ex: She carefully planted the new tree, ensuring that its roots were well spread out in the hole to encourage healthy growth. 
palm
palm
[Podstatné jméno]

a tropical tree with a big trunk and feather-like or fan-shaped leaves

palma, palmový strom

palma, palmový strom

Ex: The palm trees swayed gently in the ocean breeze along the tropical coastline. 
oak
oak
[Podstatné jméno]

a large tree, known for its strong wood and popular fruit

dub, dub letní

dub, dub letní

Ex: The ancient oak tree stood majestically in the middle of the forest. 
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