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Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL - Agrikultura at Halaman

Dito matututo ka ng ilang salitang Ingles tungkol sa agrikultura at mga halaman, tulad ng "ani", "dayami", "ani", atbp. na kailangan para sa pagsusulit na TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
agricultural
[pang-uri]

related to the practice or science of farming

pang-agrikultura, agrikultural

pang-agrikultura, agrikultural

Ex: Sustainable agricultural methods aim to minimize environmental impact while maximizing productivity .Ang mga napapanatiling pamamaraan **agrikultural** ay naglalayong i-minimize ang epekto sa kapaligiran habang pinapakinabangan ang produktibidad.
peasant
[Pangngalan]

a farmer who owns or rents a small piece of land, particularly in the past or in poorer countries

magsasaka, magbubukid

magsasaka, magbubukid

Ex: In many poorer countries , peasants continue to use traditional farming methods handed down from their ancestors .Sa maraming mas mahihirap na bansa, ang mga **magsasaka** ay patuloy na gumagamit ng mga tradisyonal na pamamaraan ng pagsasaka na minana mula sa kanilang mga ninuno.
to cultivate
[Pandiwa]

to grow plants or crops, especially for farming or commercial purposes

linangin, taniman

linangin, taniman

Ex: Farmers cultivate crops like corn and soybeans in the Midwest .**Nilinang** ng mga magsasaka ang mga pananim tulad ng mais at toyo sa Midwest.
to yield
[Pandiwa]

(of a farm or an industry) to grow or produce a crop or product

gumawa, magbigay

gumawa, magbigay

Ex: This vineyard yields high-quality grapes that are used to produce exceptional wines .Ang ubasan na ito ay **nagbibigay** ng mataas na kalidad na ubas na ginagamit upang makagawa ng pambihirang mga alak.
harvest
[Pangngalan]

agricultural products collected from one crop season

ani, produkto ng ani

ani, produkto ng ani

growing season
[Pangngalan]

a time of the year during which the plants have good condition to grow

panahon ng paglago, panahon ng pag-unlad

panahon ng paglago, panahon ng pag-unlad

plantation
[Pangngalan]

a large piece of land used for growing sugar cane, coffee, tea, etc., particularly in a hot country

plantasyon, lupang sakahan

plantasyon, lupang sakahan

Ex: A variety of crops can be cultivated on a single plantation.Ang iba't ibang uri ng pananim ay maaaring itanim sa isang **plantasyon**.
to raise
[Pandiwa]

to grow or reproduce animals or plants

mag-alaga, magtanim

mag-alaga, magtanim

Ex: They raised pigs and kept a pony .Sila ay **nag-alaga** ng mga baboy at may isang pony.
to produce
[Pandiwa]

to raise or grow something naturally, in large numbers

gumawa, linangin

gumawa, linangin

Ex: Under stress , the body produces adrenalin .Sa ilalim ng stress, ang katawan ay **gumagawa** ng adrenalin.
to plow
[Pandiwa]

to use a large farming equipment to dig the ground and make it ready for farming

mag-araro, bungkalin ang lupa

mag-araro, bungkalin ang lupa

Ex: The farmers plow the field in straight rows to optimize planting efficiency .Ang mga magsasaka ay **nag-aararo** ng bukid sa tuwid na hanay upang i-optimize ang kahusayan sa pagtatanim.
to reap
[Pandiwa]

to cut or gather a crop

ani, gapas

ani, gapas

Ex: He reaps hay from the meadow to feed the livestock during the winter .Siya ay **umaani** ng dayami mula sa parang upang pakainin ang mga hayop sa panahon ng taglamig.
cereal
[Pangngalan]

any plant that is produced for grains that can be eaten or used in making flour

butil

butil

Ex: They use cereal as a crunchy topping for their homemade ice cream sundaes .Gumagamit sila ng **cereal** bilang malutong na topping para sa kanilang homemade ice cream sundaes.
crop
[Pangngalan]

all the fruit, wheat, etc. harvested during a season

ani, tanim

ani, tanim

Ex: The rice crop is usually ready for harvest in late autumn .Ang **ani** ng palay ay karaniwang handa na para sa pag-aani sa huling bahagi ng taglagas.
wheat
[Pangngalan]

the common grain that is used in making flour, taken from a cereal grass which is green and tall

trigo, butil ng trigo

trigo, butil ng trigo

Ex: He avoided products containing wheat due to his gluten sensitivity .Iniiwasan niya ang mga produktong naglalaman ng **trigo** dahil sa kanyang sensitivity sa gluten.
soy
[Pangngalan]

a legume native to East Asia, commonly used in various food products and for its oil

toyo, butil ng toyo

toyo, butil ng toyo

Ex: Fermented soy products like miso and tempeh are popular in Asian cuisines for their rich flavor .Ang mga fermented na produkto ng **toyo** tulad ng miso at tempeh ay popular sa mga lutuing Asyano dahil sa kanilang masarap na lasa.
sugar cane
[Pangngalan]

a type of tall tropical plant that sugar can be extracted from its stems

tubo ng asukal, halaman ng asukal

tubo ng asukal, halaman ng asukal

Ex: Many products , such as molasses and ethanol , can be made from sugar cane.Maraming produkto, tulad ng molasses at ethanol, ang maaaring gawin mula sa **tubo**.
barley
[Pangngalan]

a cereal grain used as food for humans and animals and for making alcoholic beverages

sebada, butil ng sebada

sebada, butil ng sebada

Ex: The brewery sourced its barley from local farms to ensure freshness .Ang brewery ay kumuha ng **sebada** mula sa mga lokal na bukid upang matiyak ang kasariwaan.
hay
[Pangngalan]

cut and dried grass, for animals to feed on

dayami, tuyong damo

dayami, tuyong damo

Ex: The farmer sold bundles of hay at the local market to other livestock owners .Ipinagbili ng magsasaka ang mga balot ng **dayami** sa lokal na pamilihan sa ibang may-ari ng hayop.
vineyard
[Pangngalan]

a piece of land on which grapes are grown to make wine

ubasan

ubasan

Ex: They planted a small vineyard on their property as a hobby .Nagtanim sila ng isang maliit na **ubasan** sa kanilang ari-arian bilang isang libangan.
mill
[Pangngalan]

a building in which flour is made out of grain

gilingan, pabrika ng harina

gilingan, pabrika ng harina

ripe
[pang-uri]

(of fruit or crop) fully developed and ready for consumption

hinog, handa nang kainin

hinog, handa nang kainin

Ex: The tomatoes were perfectly ripe, with a vibrant red color and firm texture .Ang mga kamatis ay perpektong **hinog**, may makulay na pulang kulay at matatag na tekstura.
pest
[Pangngalan]

an insect or small animal that destroys or damages crops, food, etc.

peste, mapanirang insekto

peste, mapanirang insekto

pesticide
[Pangngalan]

a type of chemical substance that is used for killing insects or small animals that damage food or crops

pestisidyo, kemikal na pampatay ng peste

pestisidyo, kemikal na pampatay ng peste

Ex: Excessive use of pesticides can harm beneficial insects and the environment .Ang labis na paggamit ng **pestisidyo** ay maaaring makasama sa mga kapaki-pakinabang na insekto at sa kapaligiran.
livestock
[Pangngalan]

animals that are kept on a farm, such as cows, pigs, or sheep

hayop na alaga, hayop sa bukid

hayop na alaga, hayop sa bukid

Ex: The livestock provided the family with food and income for many years .Ang **hayop** ay nagbigay sa pamilya ng pagkain at kita sa loob ng maraming taon.
dairy
[Pangngalan]

milk and milk products that are produced by mammals such as cows, goats, and sheep collectively

mga produkto ng gatas, gatas at mga produktong gawa dito

mga produkto ng gatas, gatas at mga produktong gawa dito

to fertilize
[Pandiwa]

to increase productivity of the soil by spreading suitable substances on it

patabaan, payabungin

patabaan, payabungin

Ex: Do n't forget to fertilize potted plants regularly to support their growth and vitality .Huwag kalimutang **patabaan** ang mga halaman sa paso nang regular upang suportahan ang kanilang paglago at sigla.
fertilizer
[Pangngalan]

a chemical or natural material that is added to the soil to improve its productivity and help plants grow

pataba, abono

pataba, abono

Ex: Too much fertilizer can harm plants , so it is important to follow the instructions .Masyadong maraming **pataba** ay maaaring makasama sa mga halaman, kaya mahalagang sundin ang mga tagubilin.
barn
[Pangngalan]

a building on a farm in which people keep their animals, straw, hay, or grains

kamalig, kubol ng hayop

kamalig, kubol ng hayop

stable
[Pangngalan]

a building, typically found on a farm, designed to house horses

kabalyerya, kural ng kabayo

kabalyerya, kural ng kabayo

Ex: During the storm, the horses sought refuge in the stable, finding comfort and safety in their familiar surroundings.Sa panahon ng bagyo, ang mga kabayo ay naghanap ng kanlungan sa **kabalyerya**, at nakakita ng ginhawa at kaligtasan sa kanilang pamilyar na kapaligiran.
greenhouse
[Pangngalan]

a glass structure used for growing plants in and protecting them from cold weather

greenhouse, bahay-punlaan

greenhouse, bahay-punlaan

Ex: The school ’s greenhouse is used to teach students about botany .Ang **greenhouse** ng paaralan ay ginagamit upang turuan ang mga mag-aaral tungkol sa botany.
to bloom
[Pandiwa]

(of a plant) to produce flowers and display them in full color

mamulaklak, bumuka

mamulaklak, bumuka

Ex: With the right conditions , the hibiscus plant will bloom year-round .Sa tamang mga kondisyon, ang halaman ng hibiscus ay **mamumulaklak** sa buong taon.
bud
[Pangngalan]

a part of a plant from which new flowers, leaves, or stems develop

usbong, bukol

usbong, bukol

Ex: The plant ’s new buds emerged quickly after being transplanted into a larger pot with fresh soil .Ang mga bagong **usbong** ng halaman ay mabilis na sumibol pagkatapos itanim sa mas malaking paso na may sariwang lupa.
bush
[Pangngalan]

a type of plant small in size with several stems in the ground

palumpong, maliit na halaman

palumpong, maliit na halaman

Ex: The children hid behind the bush during their game of hide and seek , enjoying the game ’s excitement .Ang mga bata ay nagtago sa likod ng **palumpong** habang naglalaro sila ng taguan, at nasisiyahan sa kaguluhan ng laro.
weed
[Pangngalan]

any wild and unwanted plant that may harm the process of growth in a farm or garden

damo, halamang ligaw

damo, halamang ligaw

Ex: Weeds had started to grow in the cracks of the driveway, giving the area an unkempt appearance.Ang mga **damo** ay nagsimulang tumubo sa mga bitak ng driveway, na nagbibigay sa lugar ng hitsura ng kawalang-ingat.
root
[Pangngalan]

the underground part of a plant that absorbs water and minerals, sending it to other parts

ugat, muni-muni

ugat, muni-muni

Ex: The herbalist used the root of the herb in the remedy , valuing its medicinal properties .Ginamit ng herbalist ang **ugat** ng halaman sa remedyo, na pinahahalagahan ang mga katangian nitong pangmedisina.
palm
[Pangngalan]

a tropical tree with a big trunk and feather-like or fan-shaped leaves

palmera, punong palma

palmera, punong palma

Ex: The resort was dotted with towering palms, creating a serene and picturesque environment .Ang resort ay puno ng matangkad na **puno ng palma**, na lumilikha ng isang payapa at magandang kapaligiran.
oak
[Pangngalan]

a large tree, known for its strong wood and popular fruit

encina, roble

encina, roble

Ex: The oak tree provided shade and shelter for the animals in the woodland ecosystem.Ang puno ng oak (**oak**) ay nagbigay ng lilim at kanlungan sa mga hayop sa ecosystem ng kagubatan.
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