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Colors and Shapes - Three-Dimensional Shapes

Read this lesson to learn the names of some three-dimensional shapes in English, such as "cuboid", "sphere" and "cylinder".

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Words Related to Colors and Shapes
solid
solid
[noun]

(geometry) a shape that is not two-dimensional because it has height, width, and length

Ex: A cube is an example of a solid shape with six faces, all of which are squares. 
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cube
cube
[noun]

a three-dimensional figure made of six square or rectangular faces

Ex: The storage box was shaped like a cube. 
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cuboid
cuboid
[noun]

a three-dimensional geometric shape with six rectangular faces, resembling a box or a rectangular prism

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spheroid
spheroid
[noun]

(geometry) a round 3D shape like a ball that is slightly flattened at the top and bottom points

Ex: The Earth is not quite a sphere but is better described as an oblate spheroid flattened at the poles. 
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sphere
sphere
[noun]

(in geometry) a three-dimensional surface where all points are equidistant from a center

Ex: The planet was modeled as a sphere for calculations. 
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cone
cone
[noun]

(geometry) a three dimensional shape with a circular base that rises to a single point

Ex: The traffic cones were placed along the road to redirect vehicles during the construction work. 
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cylinder
cylinder
[noun]

(geometry) a solid or hollow shape with two circular bases at each end and straight parallel sides

Ex: The glass on the table was in the shape of a tall, slender cylinder. 
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ellipsoid
ellipsoid
[noun]

a three-dimensional shape similar to a stretched or compressed sphere

Ex: The Earth is often approximated as an oblate ellipsoid due to its slightly flattened shape at the poles. 
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hemisphere

either half of a sphere

Ex: The sports arena's roof was designed in the shape of a hemisphere. 
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polyhedron

a solid shape made of flat sides that fit together along their edges

Ex: The cube is a well-known example of a polyhedron, with six square faces. 
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trihedron
trihedron
[noun]

(geometry) a solid figure formed by three flat faces that intersect in a point

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tetrahedron

(geometry) a polyhedron with four flat sides, a triangular pyramid

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pentahedron

(geometry) a solid figure with five flat faces

Ex: The student constructed a pentahedron for her geometry project using cardboard and tape. 
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hexahedron

(geometry) a solid figure with six flat faces

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heptahedron

a polyhedron with seven faces or sides

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octahedron

a geometric figure with eight triangular faces, twelve edges, and six vertices

Ex: The faces of an octahedron are all equilateral triangles, and each vertex is the meeting point of four triangles. 
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nonahedron

a shape with nine flat sides that connect along their edges

Ex: The nonahedron has nine faces, eighteen edges, and twelve vertices. 
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decahedron

(geometry) a solid shape with ten flat faces

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dodecahedron

a three-dimensional figure with twelve regular pentagonal faces, thirty edges, and twenty vertices

Ex: The dodecahedron is a Platonic solid, meaning it has identical faces, edges, and angles. 
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icosahedron

a three-dimensional figure with twenty equilateral triangle faces, thirty edges, and twelve vertices

Ex: The icosahedron is a Platonic solid, exhibiting symmetry and regularity in its faces, edges, and angles. 
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toroidal polyhedron

a three-dimensional shape that wraps around a torus or doughnut-like surface

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prism
prism
[noun]

(geometry) a solid figure with flat sides and two parallel ends of the same size and shape

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oblique prism

a three-dimensional shape that has a pair of parallel bases connected by rectangular faces, with the bases not being perpendicular to the sides

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right prism

a three-dimensional shape that has a pair of parallel bases connected by rectangular faces, with the bases being perpendicular to the sides

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uniform prism

a three-dimensional shape that has two identical bases, and all sides are the same shape and size

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triangular prism

a three-dimensional shape with two triangular bases connected by three rectangular faces

Ex: The tent resembled a triangular prism with its sloping sides. 
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square prism

a type of uniform prism that has square bases and rectangular faces that connect the bases

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pentagonal prism

a type of uniform prism that has pentagonal bases and rectangular faces that connect the bases

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hexagonal prism

a type of uniform prism that has hexagonal bases and rectangular faces that connect the bases

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rhombohedron

a three-dimensional geometric figure with six identical rhombus-shaped faces

Ex: A diamond is a natural example of a rhombohedron. 
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parallelepiped

a three-dimensional figure with six parallelogram faces, where each face is parallel to the opposite face

Ex: Some bricks are shaped like parallelepipeds, facilitating sturdy construction. 
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hyperboloid

a three-dimensional shape often seen in cooling towers, sculptures, or lampshades, known for its curved design

Ex: Some fancy lamps have shades shaped like a hyperboloid. 
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platonic solid

a 3D shape with identical, regular polygon faces and the same number of faces meeting at each corner

Ex: The cube, a platonic solid, has six equal square faces, symbolizing stability. 
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star polyhedron

a three-dimensional geometric shape composed of multiple intersecting polygons that form a star-like structure

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Kepler-Poinsot polyhedron

a type of regular polyhedron in geometry, which is formed by extending the faces of a regular convex polyhedron to create new faces or facets

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Szilassi polyhedron

a non-convex polyhedron in geometry that has an unusual property of having no faces that are triangles, despite being composed of triangular faces

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Csaszar polyhedron

a three-dimensional shape made up of 14 faces, 21 vertices, and 36 edges, with a symmetrical arrangement of polygons

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uniform polyhedron

a convex polyhedron in geometry that has regular polygons as its faces and is vertex-transitive

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Archimedean solid

a semi-regular convex polyhedron in geometry that has a combination of regular polygons as its faces, with identical vertices and edges, and is vertex-transitive

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snub dodecahedron

a non-convex Archimedean solid with icosahedral symmetry, consisting of 80 equilateral triangles and 12 regular pentagons

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pyramid
pyramid
[noun]

a solid with a polygonal base and triangular faces that meet at a single point

Ex: Students modeled a pyramid using cardboard. 
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triangular-based pyramid

a three-dimensional geometric shape with a triangular base and triangular faces that meet at a common vertex or apex point

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square pyramid

a three-dimensional geometric shape with a square base and four triangular faces that meet at a common vertex or apex point

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pentagonal pyramid

a three-dimensional geometric shape with a pentagonal base and five triangular faces that meet at a common vertex or apex point

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stellated dodecahedron

a three-dimensional geometric shape formed by extending the faces of a regular dodecahedron to create additional triangular faces or spikes

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torus
torus
[noun]

a solid shape resembling a donut or ring, made by spinning a circle around a line that does not cut through the circle

Ex: The handle of a coffee mug is shaped like a torus, providing a comfortable grip. 
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hexagonal pyramid

a three-dimensional geometric shape with a hexagonal base and triangular faces that meet at a common vertex

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heptagonal pyramid

a three-dimensional geometric shape with a heptagonal base and triangular faces that meet at a common vertex

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octagonal pyramid

a geometric shape consisting of an octagonal base and triangular faces that converge to a single point or vertex at the top

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