Jíst, Pít a Podávat Jídlo - Lidská výživa

a substance, such as vitamin E, that helps clean the body of harmful substances

antioxidant, látka jako antioxidant

a natural chemical compound produced by plants, often possessing health-promoting properties

fytochemikálie, fytochemické sloučeniny

a substance that consists of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon that provide heat and energy for the body, found in foods such as bread, pasta, fruits, etc.

cílená, uhlík

any organic compound that creates the basic structure of proteins

aminokyselina

a substance found in food such as meat, eggs, seeds, etc. which is an essential part of the diet and keeps the body strong and healthy

bílkovina

a type of acid that is found in nuts, fish, some fruits, etc.

mastná kyselina, lipidová kyselina

any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids

lipid, látka lipidová

a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, responsible for carrying genetic information

nukleová kyselina, genetická kyselina

a substance taken from animals or plants and then processed so that it can be used in cooking

tuk, masný tuk

a type of carbohydrate that cannot be broken down by the body and instead helps regulate bowel movements and maintain a healthy digestive system

vlákno, vláknina

a solid and natural substance that is not produced in the body of living beings but its intake is necessary to remain healthy

minerál, minerální látka

the field of science that studies food and drink and their effects on the human body

výživa

very necessary for a particular purpose or situation

nezbytný, hlavní

natural substances that are found in food, which the body needs in small amounts to remain healthy, such as vitamin A, B, etc.

vitamin

a liquid with no smell, taste, or color, that falls from the sky as rain, and is used for washing, cooking, drinking, etc.

voda

a simple sugar molecule, the most basic form of carbohydrates that cannot be further hydrolyzed

monosacharid

a basic kind of sugar that is a component of carbohydrates and provides energy for many living organisms

glukóza

a natural sugar found in fruits and honey, often used to sweeten foods and drinks

fruktóza, cukr z ovoce

a sugar found in milk and some plants that helps make lactose

galaktóza

a complex carbohydrate composed of multiple sugar molecules linked together, commonly found in foods like starch and glycogen

polysacharid

a white carbohydrate food substance that exists in flour, potatoes, rice, etc.

škrob

a type of fat present in the blood and common in foods, consisting of three fatty acid molecules attached to a glycerol molecule

triglycerid

a simple alcohol compound that is a component of triglycerides, commonly found in fats and oils

glycerol

a type of sugar composed of two simple sugar molecules, commonly found in foods such as sucrose, lactose, and maltose

disacharid

a type of sugar, commonly known as table sugar, composed of glucose and fructose molecules linked together

sacharóza, cukr

a sugar found in milk, consisting of glucose and galactose molecules linked together

laktóza

a sugar formed by two glucose molecules linked together, commonly found in malted foods and used in brewing

maltóza

a complex carbohydrate that serves as a storage form of energy in the liver and muscles, made up of glucose molecules linked together

glykogen

a type of fat molecule that contains no double bonds between carbon atoms and is typically solid at room temperature

nasycená mastná kyselina, nasycené mastné kyseliny (druh tuku)

a type of fat that contains one or more double bonds in its chemical structure and is considered healthier for the body

nasycená mastná kyselina

a group of fatty acids found in fish or other seafood, which is considered very good for the body

omega-3

a good fat found in vegetable oils and seeds that our body needs for various functions

omega-6

a type of unsaturated fat that is created when oil becomes solid after being chemically processed, a process such as the making of margarine

transmastná kyselina, trans tuk

a good kind of fat in certain oils and foods, with more than one healthy link in its structure

polynenasycená mastná kyselina, polynenasycené mastné kyseliny

unable to be dissolved, especially in a liquid

nerozpustný, neodstranitelný

(of a substance) able to break up and disperse within a fluid

rozpustný, dissolvabilní

a substance found in the cell walls of plants, providing structure and making up dietary fiber

celulóza

a type of carbohydrate consisting of a small number of sugar molecules joined together

oligosacharid

a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself

enzym, katalyzátor

a soft silver-white metal that is an important element in bones and teeth

vápník

a chemical element that is a bluish-white gas, used for disinfecting water, maintaining pool hygiene, and as an active sanitizing agent in household cleaners

chlor

a chemical element that is a shiny gray solid, crucial for muscle and nerve function, found in green leafy vegetables and nuts

hořčík

a chemical element that is a vital component of DNA and bone structure, found in dairy products, meat, and nuts, playing a key role in cellular energy transfer

fosfor

a chemical element that is crucial for fluid balance, nerve signals, and muscle contractions, commonly found in bananas, potatoes, and leafy greens

draslík, chemický prvek draslík

a chemical element, vital for fluid balance and nerve impulses, commonly found in table salt and processed foods

sodík

a metallic chemical element that has a red-brown color, primarily used as a conductor in wiring

měď

a purple-black chemical element essential for thyroid hormone synthesis, crucial for metabolism and overall growth that can be found in the seawater

jod

a metallic chemical element with a silvery-gray appearance, widely used for making tools, steel, buildings, and various industrial products

železo

a mineral essential for human nutrition, playing a role in enzyme activation and bone formation

mangan

a silvery-gray metal that helps human being with breaking down proteins, alcohol, drugs, and toxins, also used for enhancing the high-strength steels

molybden

chemical element that is used in photography, photovoltaic cells, etc., is also crucial for the body in certain amounts

selen

a bluish-white metal essential for immune function and wound healing, also widely used in covering steel and preventing it from rusting and corroding

zinek

a fat-soluble vitamin crucial for human nutrition, essential for calcium absorption, bone health, and immune system support

vitamin D

a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, known for its antioxidant properties, supporting immune function, and collagen production

vitamin C, kyselina askorbová

a fat-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for vision, immune function, and skin health

vitamin A

a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for energy metabolism and nerve function

vitamin B1, thiamin

a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for overall well-being and vitality

vitamin B2, riboflavin

a water-soluble vitamin crucial for human nutrition, essential for nerve function, DNA synthesis, and red blood cell formation

vitamin B12, vitamin B-12

a fat-soluble vitamin that helps protect human body cells from damage

vitamin E, tuk rozpustný vitamin E

a fat-soluble vitamin essential for blood clotting and bone metabolism

vitamin K

a protein in blood plasma that helps regulate fluid balance, maintain blood pressure, and transport various substances throughout the body

albumin

a vitamin that helps keep the body cells healthy and supports the immune system, commonly found in fruits like orange and vegetables like tomatoes

askorbová kyselina, vitamín C

a substance present in coffee or tea that makes one's brain more active

kofein, kofein

a substance that helps mix and stabilize immiscible liquids, such as oil and water, to create a uniform and stable emulsion

emulgátor, emulgační činidlo

a vitamin that helps our bodies make DNA and divide cells, often found in supplements and enriched foods

kyselina listová

a mixture of proteins found in wheat and other cereal grains, responsible for the elastic texture of dough

lepek

a flavor enhancer often used in foods to make them taste better, commonly found in savory snacks, soups, and restaurant dishes

mononátričný glutamát, MSG

a water-soluble vitamin essential for various bodily functions, including energy metabolism and maintaining skin, digestive, and nervous system health

niacin

a white soluble compound (NaHCO3) commonly known as baking soda, is used in cooking and serves as a remedy for stomach upset

hydrogenuhličitan sodný, soda bikarbona

a natural compound in plants, like grapes and tea, that gives astringency to foods and drinks

tanin

a water-soluble vitamin essential for energy metabolism and proper functioning of the nervous system

thiamin, vitamin B1

a nutrient that helps the brain, nerves, and immune system work properly

vitamin B6

a B-vitamin that helps the body convert food into energy and is important for healthy skin, hair, and nails

biotin

a B-vitamin that helps the body convert food into energy and is important for the synthesis of hormones and cholesterol

kyselina pantotenová