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Jídlo, pití a podávání jídla - Lidská výživa

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s lidskou výživou jako „protein“, „antioxidant“ a „glykogen“.

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Words Related to Eating, Drinking, and Serving
antioxidant

a substance, such as vitamin E, that helps clean the body of harmful substances

antioxidant

antioxidant

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[Podstatné jméno]
phytochemical

a natural chemical compound produced by plants, often possessing health-promoting properties

fytochemikálie

fytochemikálie

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carbohydrate

a substance that consists of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon that provide heat and energy for the body, found in foods such as bread, pasta, fruits, etc.

cílená

cílená

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amino acid

any organic compound that creates the basic structure of proteins

aminokyselina

aminokyselina

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protein

a substance found in food such as meat, eggs, seeds, etc. which is an essential part of the diet and keeps the body strong and healthy

bílkovina

bílkovina

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fatty acid

a type of acid that is found in nuts, fish, some fruits, etc.

mastná kyselina

mastná kyselina

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lipid

any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids

lipid

lipid

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nucleic acid

a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, responsible for carrying genetic information

nukleová kyselina

nukleová kyselina

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fat

a substance taken from animals or plants and then processed so that it can be used in cooking

tuk

tuk

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fiber

a type of carbohydrate that cannot be broken down by the body and instead helps regulate bowel movements and maintain a healthy digestive system

vlákno

vlákno

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mineral

a solid and natural substance that is not produced in the body of living beings but its intake is necessary to remain healthy

minerál

minerál

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nutrition

the field of science that studies food and drink and their effects on the human body

výživa

výživa

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essential

very necessary for a particular purpose or situation

nezbytný

nezbytný

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vitamin

natural substances that are found in food, which the body needs in small amounts to remain healthy, such as vitamin A, B, etc.

vitamin

vitamin

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water

a liquid with no smell, taste, or color, that falls from the sky as rain, and is used for washing, cooking, drinking, etc.

voda

voda

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monosaccharide

a simple sugar molecule, the most basic form of carbohydrates that cannot be further hydrolyzed

monosacharid

monosacharid

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glucose

a basic kind of sugar that is a component of carbohydrates and provides energy for many living organisms

glukóza

glukóza

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fructose

a natural sugar found in fruits and honey, often used to sweeten foods and drinks

fruktóza

fruktóza

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galactose

a sugar found in milk and some plants that helps make lactose

galaktóza

galaktóza

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polysaccharide

a complex carbohydrate composed of multiple sugar molecules linked together, commonly found in foods like starch and glycogen

polysacharid

polysacharid

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starch

a white carbohydrate food substance that exists in flour, potatoes, rice, etc.

škrob

škrob

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triglyceride

a type of fat present in the blood and common in foods, consisting of three fatty acid molecules attached to a glycerol molecule

triglycerid

triglycerid

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glycerol

a simple alcohol compound that is a component of triglycerides, commonly found in fats and oils

glycerol

glycerol

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disaccharide

a type of sugar composed of two simple sugar molecules, commonly found in foods such as sucrose, lactose, and maltose

disacharid

disacharid

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sucrose

a type of sugar, commonly known as table sugar, composed of glucose and fructose molecules linked together

sacharóza

sacharóza

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lactose

a sugar found in milk, consisting of glucose and galactose molecules linked together

laktóza

laktóza

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maltose

a sugar formed by two glucose molecules linked together, commonly found in malted foods and used in brewing

maltóza

maltóza

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glycogen

a complex carbohydrate that serves as a storage form of energy in the liver and muscles, made up of glucose molecules linked together

glykogen

glykogen

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saturated fatty acid

a type of fat molecule that contains no double bonds between carbon atoms and is typically solid at room temperature

nasycená mastná kyselina

nasycená mastná kyselina

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unsaturated fatty acid

a type of fat that contains one or more double bonds in its chemical structure and is considered healthier for the body

nasycená mastná kyselina

nasycená mastná kyselina

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omega-3

a group of fatty acids found in fish or other seafood, which is considered very good for the body

omega-3

omega-3

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omega-6

a good fat found in vegetable oils and seeds that our body needs for various functions

omega-6

omega-6

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trans fatty acid

a type of unsaturated fat that is created when oil becomes solid after being chemically processed, a process such as the making of margarine

transmastná kyselina

transmastná kyselina

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polyunsaturated fatty acid

a good kind of fat in certain oils and foods, with more than one healthy link in its structure

polynenasycená mastná kyselina

polynenasycená mastná kyselina

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insoluble

unable to be dissolved, especially in a liquid

nerozpustný

nerozpustný

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soluble

(of a substance) able to break up and disperse within a fluid

rozpustný

rozpustný

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cellulose

a substance found in the cell walls of plants, providing structure and making up dietary fiber

celulóza

celulóza

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oligosaccharide

a type of carbohydrate consisting of a small number of sugar molecules joined together

oligosacharid

oligosacharid

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enzyme

a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself

enzym

enzym

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calcium

a soft silver-white metal that is an important element in bones and teeth

vápník

vápník

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chlorine

a chemical element that is a bluish-white gas, used for disinfecting water, maintaining pool hygiene, and as an active sanitizing agent in household cleaners

chlor

chlor

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magnesium

a chemical element that is a shiny gray solid, crucial for muscle and nerve function, found in green leafy vegetables and nuts

hořčík

hořčík

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phosphorus

a chemical element that is a vital component of DNA and bone structure, found in dairy products, meat, and nuts, playing a key role in cellular energy transfer

fosfor

fosfor

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potassium

a chemical element that is crucial for fluid balance, nerve signals, and muscle contractions, commonly found in bananas, potatoes, and leafy greens

draslík

draslík

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sodium

a chemical element, vital for fluid balance and nerve impulses, commonly found in table salt and processed foods

sodík

sodík

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copper

a metallic chemical element that has a red-brown color, primarily used as a conductor in wiring

měď

měď

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iodine

a purple-black chemical element essential for thyroid hormone synthesis, crucial for metabolism and overall growth that can be found in the seawater

jod

jod

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iron

a metallic chemical element with a silvery-gray appearance, widely used for making tools, steel, buildings, and various industrial products

železo

železo

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manganese

a mineral essential for human nutrition, playing a role in enzyme activation and bone formation

mangan

mangan

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molybdenum

a silvery-gray metal that helps human being with breaking down proteins, alcohol, drugs, and toxins, also used for enhancing the high-strength steels

molybden

molybden

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selenium

chemical element that is used in photography, photovoltaic cells, etc., is also crucial for the body in certain amounts

selen

selen

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zinc

a bluish-white metal essential for immune function and wound healing, also widely used in covering steel and preventing it from rusting and corroding

zinek

zinek

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vitamin D

a fat-soluble vitamin crucial for human nutrition, essential for calcium absorption, bone health, and immune system support

vitamin D

vitamin D

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vitamin C

a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, known for its antioxidant properties, supporting immune function, and collagen production

vitamin C

vitamin C

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vitamin A

a fat-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for vision, immune function, and skin health

vitamin A

vitamin A

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vitamin B1

a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for energy metabolism and nerve function

vitamin B1

vitamin B1

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vitamin B2

a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for overall well-being and vitality

vitamin B2

vitamin B2

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vitamin B12

a water-soluble vitamin crucial for human nutrition, essential for nerve function, DNA synthesis, and red blood cell formation

vitamin B12

vitamin B12

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vitamin E

a fat-soluble vitamin that helps protect human body cells from damage

vitamin E

vitamin E

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vitamin K

a fat-soluble vitamin essential for blood clotting and bone metabolism

vitamin K

vitamin K

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albumin

a protein in blood plasma that helps regulate fluid balance, maintain blood pressure, and transport various substances throughout the body

albumin

albumin

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ascorbic acid

a vitamin that helps keep the body cells healthy and supports the immune system, commonly found in fruits like orange and vegetables like tomatoes

askorbová kyselina

askorbová kyselina

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caffeine

a substance present in coffee or tea that makes one's brain more active

kofein

kofein

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emulsifier

a substance that helps mix and stabilize immiscible liquids, such as oil and water, to create a uniform and stable emulsion

emulgátor

emulgátor

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folic acid

a vitamin that helps our bodies make DNA and divide cells, often found in supplements and enriched foods

kyselina listová

kyselina listová

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gluten

a mixture of proteins found in wheat and other cereal grains, responsible for the elastic texture of dough

lepek

lepek

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monosodium glutamate

a flavor enhancer often used in foods to make them taste better, commonly found in savory snacks, soups, and restaurant dishes

mononátričný glutamát

mononátričný glutamát

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niacin

a water-soluble vitamin essential for various bodily functions, including energy metabolism and maintaining skin, digestive, and nervous system health

niacin

niacin

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sodium bicarbonate

a white soluble compound (NaHCO3) commonly known as baking soda, is used in cooking and serves as a remedy for stomach upset

hydrogenuhličitan sodný

hydrogenuhličitan sodný

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tannin

a natural compound in plants, like grapes and tea, that gives astringency to foods and drinks

tanin

tanin

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thiamin

a water-soluble vitamin essential for energy metabolism and proper functioning of the nervous system

thiamin

thiamin

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vitamin B6

a nutrient that helps the brain, nerves, and immune system work properly

vitamin B6

vitamin B6

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biotin

a B-vitamin that helps the body convert food into energy and is important for healthy skin, hair, and nails

biotin

biotin

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pantothenic acid

a B-vitamin that helps the body convert food into energy and is important for the synthesis of hormones and cholesterol

kyselina pantotenová

kyselina pantotenová

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