Mâncat, Băut și Servirea Mâncării - Nutriția umană

a substance, such as vitamin E, that helps clean the body of harmful substances

antioxidant, substanță antioxidantă

a natural chemical compound produced by plants, often possessing health-promoting properties

fitochemicale, compus fitochimic

a substance that consists of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon that provide heat and energy for the body, found in foods such as bread, pasta, fruits, etc.

carbohidrat, hidratare de carbon

any organic compound that creates the basic structure of proteins

aminoacizi

a substance found in food such as meat, eggs, seeds, etc. which is an essential part of the diet and keeps the body strong and healthy

proteină

a type of acid that is found in nuts, fish, some fruits, etc.

acid gras, acid lipidic

any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids

lipid, substanță lipidică

a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, responsible for carrying genetic information

acid nucleic, acid genetic

a substance taken from animals or plants and then processed so that it can be used in cooking

grăsime, substanță grasă

a type of carbohydrate that cannot be broken down by the body and instead helps regulate bowel movements and maintain a healthy digestive system

fibră, fibre

a solid and natural substance that is not produced in the body of living beings but its intake is necessary to remain healthy

mineral, substanță minerală

the field of science that studies food and drink and their effects on the human body

nutriție

very necessary for a particular purpose or situation

esencial, indispensabil

natural substances that are found in food, which the body needs in small amounts to remain healthy, such as vitamin A, B, etc.

vitamină

a liquid with no smell, taste, or color, that falls from the sky as rain, and is used for washing, cooking, drinking, etc.

apă

a simple sugar molecule, the most basic form of carbohydrates that cannot be further hydrolyzed

monozahar

a basic kind of sugar that is a component of carbohydrates and provides energy for many living organisms

glucoză

a natural sugar found in fruits and honey, often used to sweeten foods and drinks

fructoză, zahăr din fructe

a sugar found in milk and some plants that helps make lactose

galactoză

a complex carbohydrate composed of multiple sugar molecules linked together, commonly found in foods like starch and glycogen

polisacharid

a white carbohydrate food substance that exists in flour, potatoes, rice, etc.

amidon

a type of fat present in the blood and common in foods, consisting of three fatty acid molecules attached to a glycerol molecule

triglicerid

a simple alcohol compound that is a component of triglycerides, commonly found in fats and oils

glicerol

a type of sugar composed of two simple sugar molecules, commonly found in foods such as sucrose, lactose, and maltose

disaharid

a type of sugar, commonly known as table sugar, composed of glucose and fructose molecules linked together

sucroză, zahăr

a sugar found in milk, consisting of glucose and galactose molecules linked together

lactoză

a sugar formed by two glucose molecules linked together, commonly found in malted foods and used in brewing

maltoză

a complex carbohydrate that serves as a storage form of energy in the liver and muscles, made up of glucose molecules linked together

glicogen

a type of fat molecule that contains no double bonds between carbon atoms and is typically solid at room temperature

acid gras saturat, acizi grași saturați (tip de grăsime)

a type of fat that contains one or more double bonds in its chemical structure and is considered healthier for the body

acid gras nesaturat

a group of fatty acids found in fish or other seafood, which is considered very good for the body

omega-3

a good fat found in vegetable oils and seeds that our body needs for various functions

omega-6

a type of unsaturated fat that is created when oil becomes solid after being chemically processed, a process such as the making of margarine

acid gras trans, grăsime trans

a good kind of fat in certain oils and foods, with more than one healthy link in its structure

acid gras poliinsaturat, acizi grași poliinsaturați

unable to be dissolved, especially in a liquid

insolubil, indisolubil

(of a substance) able to break up and disperse within a fluid

solubil, dizolvabil

a substance found in the cell walls of plants, providing structure and making up dietary fiber

celuloză

a type of carbohydrate consisting of a small number of sugar molecules joined together

oligosacarid

a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself

enzimă, catalizator

a soft silver-white metal that is an important element in bones and teeth

calciu

a chemical element that is a bluish-white gas, used for disinfecting water, maintaining pool hygiene, and as an active sanitizing agent in household cleaners

clor

a chemical element that is a shiny gray solid, crucial for muscle and nerve function, found in green leafy vegetables and nuts

magneziu

a chemical element that is a vital component of DNA and bone structure, found in dairy products, meat, and nuts, playing a key role in cellular energy transfer

fosfor

a chemical element that is crucial for fluid balance, nerve signals, and muscle contractions, commonly found in bananas, potatoes, and leafy greens

potasiu, element chimic potasiu

a chemical element, vital for fluid balance and nerve impulses, commonly found in table salt and processed foods

sodiu

a metallic chemical element that has a red-brown color, primarily used as a conductor in wiring

cupru

a purple-black chemical element essential for thyroid hormone synthesis, crucial for metabolism and overall growth that can be found in the seawater

iod

a metallic chemical element with a silvery-gray appearance, widely used for making tools, steel, buildings, and various industrial products

fier

a mineral essential for human nutrition, playing a role in enzyme activation and bone formation

mangan

a silvery-gray metal that helps human being with breaking down proteins, alcohol, drugs, and toxins, also used for enhancing the high-strength steels

molybdănu

chemical element that is used in photography, photovoltaic cells, etc., is also crucial for the body in certain amounts

seleniu

a bluish-white metal essential for immune function and wound healing, also widely used in covering steel and preventing it from rusting and corroding

zinci

a fat-soluble vitamin crucial for human nutrition, essential for calcium absorption, bone health, and immune system support

vitamina D

a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, known for its antioxidant properties, supporting immune function, and collagen production

vitamina C, acid ascorbic

a fat-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for vision, immune function, and skin health

vitamina A

a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for energy metabolism and nerve function

vitamina B1, tiamina

a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for overall well-being and vitality

vitamina B2, riboflavină

a water-soluble vitamin crucial for human nutrition, essential for nerve function, DNA synthesis, and red blood cell formation

vitamina B12, vitamina B-12

a fat-soluble vitamin that helps protect human body cells from damage

vitamina E, vitamina liposolubilă E

a fat-soluble vitamin essential for blood clotting and bone metabolism

vitamina K

a protein in blood plasma that helps regulate fluid balance, maintain blood pressure, and transport various substances throughout the body

albumină

a vitamin that helps keep the body cells healthy and supports the immune system, commonly found in fruits like orange and vegetables like tomatoes

acid ascorbic, vitamina C

a substance present in coffee or tea that makes one's brain more active

cafeină, cafeină

a substance that helps mix and stabilize immiscible liquids, such as oil and water, to create a uniform and stable emulsion

emulsifiant, agent emulsificant

a vitamin that helps our bodies make DNA and divide cells, often found in supplements and enriched foods

acid folic

a mixture of proteins found in wheat and other cereal grains, responsible for the elastic texture of dough

gluten

a flavor enhancer often used in foods to make them taste better, commonly found in savory snacks, soups, and restaurant dishes

glutamat monosodic, MSG

a water-soluble vitamin essential for various bodily functions, including energy metabolism and maintaining skin, digestive, and nervous system health

niacin

a white soluble compound (NaHCO3) commonly known as baking soda, is used in cooking and serves as a remedy for stomach upset

bicarbonat de sodiu, sodă bicarbonată

a natural compound in plants, like grapes and tea, that gives astringency to foods and drinks

tanin

a water-soluble vitamin essential for energy metabolism and proper functioning of the nervous system

tiamină, vitamina B1

a nutrient that helps the brain, nerves, and immune system work properly

vitamina B6

a B-vitamin that helps the body convert food into energy and is important for healthy skin, hair, and nails

biotin

a B-vitamin that helps the body convert food into energy and is important for the synthesis of hormones and cholesterol

acid pantotenic