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a substance, such as vitamin E, that helps clean the body of harmful substances
抗氧化剂
a natural chemical compound produced by plants, often possessing health-promoting properties
植物化学物质
a substance that consists of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon that provide heat and energy for the body, found in foods such as bread, pasta, fruits, etc.
碳水化合物
a substance found in food such as meat, eggs, seeds, etc. which is an essential part of the diet and keeps the body strong and healthy
蛋白质
any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids
脂类
a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, responsible for carrying genetic information
核酸
a substance taken from animals or plants and then processed so that it can be used in cooking
脂肪
a type of carbohydrate that cannot be broken down by the body and instead helps regulate bowel movements and maintain a healthy digestive system
纤维
a solid and natural substance that is not produced in the body of living beings but its intake is necessary to remain healthy
矿物
the field of science that studies food and drink and their effects on the human body
营养
natural substances that are found in food, which the body needs in small amounts to remain healthy, such as vitamin A, B, etc.
维生素
a liquid with no smell, taste, or color, that falls from the sky as rain, and is used for washing, cooking, drinking, etc.
水
a simple sugar molecule, the most basic form of carbohydrates that cannot be further hydrolyzed
单糖
a basic kind of sugar that is a component of carbohydrates and provides energy for many living organisms
葡萄糖
a complex carbohydrate composed of multiple sugar molecules linked together, commonly found in foods like starch and glycogen
多糖
a type of fat present in the blood and common in foods, consisting of three fatty acid molecules attached to a glycerol molecule
三酸甘油酯
a simple alcohol compound that is a component of triglycerides, commonly found in fats and oils
甘油
a type of sugar composed of two simple sugar molecules, commonly found in foods such as sucrose, lactose, and maltose
双糖
a type of sugar, commonly known as table sugar, composed of glucose and fructose molecules linked together
蔗糖
a sugar found in milk, consisting of glucose and galactose molecules linked together
乳糖
a sugar formed by two glucose molecules linked together, commonly found in malted foods and used in brewing
麦芽糖
a complex carbohydrate that serves as a storage form of energy in the liver and muscles, made up of glucose molecules linked together
糖原
a type of fat molecule that contains no double bonds between carbon atoms and is typically solid at room temperature
饱和脂肪酸
a type of fat that contains one or more double bonds in its chemical structure and is considered healthier for the body
不饱和脂肪酸
a group of fatty acids found in fish or other seafood, which is considered very good for the body
欧米茄-3
a good fat found in vegetable oils and seeds that our body needs for various functions
Omega-6
a type of unsaturated fat that is created when oil becomes solid after being chemically processed, a process such as the making of margarine
反式脂肪酸
a good kind of fat in certain oils and foods, with more than one healthy link in its structure
多不饱和脂肪酸
a substance found in the cell walls of plants, providing structure and making up dietary fiber
纤维素
a type of carbohydrate consisting of a small number of sugar molecules joined together
寡糖
a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself
酶
a chemical element that is a bluish-white gas, used for disinfecting water, maintaining pool hygiene, and as an active sanitizing agent in household cleaners
氯
a chemical element that is a shiny gray solid, crucial for muscle and nerve function, found in green leafy vegetables and nuts
镁
a chemical element that is a vital component of DNA and bone structure, found in dairy products, meat, and nuts, playing a key role in cellular energy transfer
磷
a chemical element that is crucial for fluid balance, nerve signals, and muscle contractions, commonly found in bananas, potatoes, and leafy greens
钾
a chemical element, vital for fluid balance and nerve impulses, commonly found in table salt and processed foods
钠
a metallic chemical element that has a red-brown color, primarily used as a conductor in wiring
铜
a purple-black chemical element essential for thyroid hormone synthesis, crucial for metabolism and overall growth that can be found in the seawater
碘
a metallic chemical element with a silvery-gray appearance, widely used for making tools, steel, buildings, and various industrial products
铁
a mineral essential for human nutrition, playing a role in enzyme activation and bone formation
锰
a silvery-gray metal that helps human being with breaking down proteins, alcohol, drugs, and toxins, also used for enhancing the high-strength steels
钼
chemical element that is used in photography, photovoltaic cells, etc., is also crucial for the body in certain amounts
硒
a bluish-white metal essential for immune function and wound healing, also widely used in covering steel and preventing it from rusting and corroding
锌
a fat-soluble vitamin crucial for human nutrition, essential for calcium absorption, bone health, and immune system support
维生素D
a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, known for its antioxidant properties, supporting immune function, and collagen production
维生素C
a fat-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for vision, immune function, and skin health
维生素A
a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for energy metabolism and nerve function
维生素B1
a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for overall well-being and vitality
维生素B2
a water-soluble vitamin crucial for human nutrition, essential for nerve function, DNA synthesis, and red blood cell formation
维生素B12
a protein in blood plasma that helps regulate fluid balance, maintain blood pressure, and transport various substances throughout the body
白蛋白
a vitamin that helps keep the body cells healthy and supports the immune system, commonly found in fruits like orange and vegetables like tomatoes
抗坏血酸
a substance that helps mix and stabilize immiscible liquids, such as oil and water, to create a uniform and stable emulsion
乳化剂
a vitamin that helps our bodies make DNA and divide cells, often found in supplements and enriched foods
叶酸
a mixture of proteins found in wheat and other cereal grains, responsible for the elastic texture of dough
谷蛋白
a flavor enhancer often used in foods to make them taste better, commonly found in savory snacks, soups, and restaurant dishes
味精
a water-soluble vitamin essential for various bodily functions, including energy metabolism and maintaining skin, digestive, and nervous system health
烟酰胺
a white soluble compound (NaHCO3) commonly known as baking soda, is used in cooking and serves as a remedy for stomach upset
碳酸氢钠
a natural compound in plants, like grapes and tea, that gives astringency to foods and drinks
单宁
a water-soluble vitamin essential for energy metabolism and proper functioning of the nervous system
硫胺素
a B-vitamin that helps the body convert food into energy and is important for healthy skin, hair, and nails
生物素
a B-vitamin that helps the body convert food into energy and is important for the synthesis of hormones and cholesterol
泛酸
