Їжа, Напої та Сервірування Їжі - Харчування людини

a substance, such as vitamin E, that helps clean the body of harmful substances

антиоксидант, антиоксидантна речовина

a natural chemical compound produced by plants, often possessing health-promoting properties

фітохімікат, фітохімічна сполука

a substance that consists of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon that provide heat and energy for the body, found in foods such as bread, pasta, fruits, etc.

вуглеводи

any organic compound that creates the basic structure of proteins

амінокислота

a substance found in food such as meat, eggs, seeds, etc. which is an essential part of the diet and keeps the body strong and healthy

білок

a type of acid that is found in nuts, fish, some fruits, etc.

жирна кислота, ліпідна кислота

any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids

ліпід, жирова речовина

a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, responsible for carrying genetic information

нуклеїнова кислота, генетична кислота

a substance taken from animals or plants and then processed so that it can be used in cooking

жир, жирова речовина

a type of carbohydrate that cannot be broken down by the body and instead helps regulate bowel movements and maintain a healthy digestive system

клітковина, волокно

a solid and natural substance that is not produced in the body of living beings but its intake is necessary to remain healthy

мінерал, мінеральна речовина

the field of science that studies food and drink and their effects on the human body

дієтологія

very necessary for a particular purpose or situation

істотний

natural substances that are found in food, which the body needs in small amounts to remain healthy, such as vitamin A, B, etc.

вітамін

a liquid with no smell, taste, or color, that falls from the sky as rain, and is used for washing, cooking, drinking, etc.

вода

a simple sugar molecule, the most basic form of carbohydrates that cannot be further hydrolyzed

моносахарид

a basic kind of sugar that is a component of carbohydrates and provides energy for many living organisms

глюкоза

a natural sugar found in fruits and honey, often used to sweeten foods and drinks

фруктоза, фруктозний цукор

a sugar found in milk and some plants that helps make lactose

галактоза

a complex carbohydrate composed of multiple sugar molecules linked together, commonly found in foods like starch and glycogen

полісахарид

a white carbohydrate food substance that exists in flour, potatoes, rice, etc.

крохмаль

a type of fat present in the blood and common in foods, consisting of three fatty acid molecules attached to a glycerol molecule

тригліцерид

a simple alcohol compound that is a component of triglycerides, commonly found in fats and oils

гліцерин

a type of sugar composed of two simple sugar molecules, commonly found in foods such as sucrose, lactose, and maltose

дисахарид

a type of sugar, commonly known as table sugar, composed of glucose and fructose molecules linked together

сахароза, цукор

a sugar found in milk, consisting of glucose and galactose molecules linked together

лактоза

a sugar formed by two glucose molecules linked together, commonly found in malted foods and used in brewing

мальтоза

a complex carbohydrate that serves as a storage form of energy in the liver and muscles, made up of glucose molecules linked together

глікоген

a type of fat molecule that contains no double bonds between carbon atoms and is typically solid at room temperature

насичена жирна кислота, насичені жирні кислоти (тип жиру)

a type of fat that contains one or more double bonds in its chemical structure and is considered healthier for the body

ненасичена жирна кислота

a group of fatty acids found in fish or other seafood, which is considered very good for the body

омега-3

a good fat found in vegetable oils and seeds that our body needs for various functions

омега-6

a type of unsaturated fat that is created when oil becomes solid after being chemically processed, a process such as the making of margarine

трансжирна кислота, транс-ненасичена кислота

a good kind of fat in certain oils and foods, with more than one healthy link in its structure

поліненасичена жирна кислота, поліненасичені жирні кислоти

unable to be dissolved, especially in a liquid

нерастворний, незастарілий

(of a substance) able to break up and disperse within a fluid

розчинний, дисольвентний

a substance found in the cell walls of plants, providing structure and making up dietary fiber

клітковина

a type of carbohydrate consisting of a small number of sugar molecules joined together

олігосахарид

a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself

фермент, каталізатор

a soft silver-white metal that is an important element in bones and teeth

кальцій

a chemical element that is a bluish-white gas, used for disinfecting water, maintaining pool hygiene, and as an active sanitizing agent in household cleaners

хлор

a chemical element that is a shiny gray solid, crucial for muscle and nerve function, found in green leafy vegetables and nuts

магній

a chemical element that is a vital component of DNA and bone structure, found in dairy products, meat, and nuts, playing a key role in cellular energy transfer

фосфор

a chemical element that is crucial for fluid balance, nerve signals, and muscle contractions, commonly found in bananas, potatoes, and leafy greens

калій, хімічний елемент калій

a chemical element, vital for fluid balance and nerve impulses, commonly found in table salt and processed foods

натрій

a metallic chemical element that has a red-brown color, primarily used as a conductor in wiring

мідь

a purple-black chemical element essential for thyroid hormone synthesis, crucial for metabolism and overall growth that can be found in the seawater

йод

a metallic chemical element with a silvery-gray appearance, widely used for making tools, steel, buildings, and various industrial products

залізо

a mineral essential for human nutrition, playing a role in enzyme activation and bone formation

марганець

a silvery-gray metal that helps human being with breaking down proteins, alcohol, drugs, and toxins, also used for enhancing the high-strength steels

молібден

chemical element that is used in photography, photovoltaic cells, etc., is also crucial for the body in certain amounts

селен

a bluish-white metal essential for immune function and wound healing, also widely used in covering steel and preventing it from rusting and corroding

цинк

a fat-soluble vitamin crucial for human nutrition, essential for calcium absorption, bone health, and immune system support

вітамін D

a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, known for its antioxidant properties, supporting immune function, and collagen production

вітамін C, аскорбінова кислота

a fat-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for vision, immune function, and skin health

вітамін A

a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for energy metabolism and nerve function

вітамін B1, тіамін

a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for overall well-being and vitality

вітамін B2, рибофлавін

a water-soluble vitamin crucial for human nutrition, essential for nerve function, DNA synthesis, and red blood cell formation

вітамін B12, вітамін B-12

a fat-soluble vitamin that helps protect human body cells from damage

вітамін E, жиророзчинний вітамін E

a fat-soluble vitamin essential for blood clotting and bone metabolism

вітамін K

a protein in blood plasma that helps regulate fluid balance, maintain blood pressure, and transport various substances throughout the body

албумін

a vitamin that helps keep the body cells healthy and supports the immune system, commonly found in fruits like orange and vegetables like tomatoes

аскорбінова кислота, вітамін C

a substance present in coffee or tea that makes one's brain more active

кофеїн, кофеїн

a substance that helps mix and stabilize immiscible liquids, such as oil and water, to create a uniform and stable emulsion

емульгатор, агент емульсії

a vitamin that helps our bodies make DNA and divide cells, often found in supplements and enriched foods

фолієва кислота

a mixture of proteins found in wheat and other cereal grains, responsible for the elastic texture of dough

глютен

a flavor enhancer often used in foods to make them taste better, commonly found in savory snacks, soups, and restaurant dishes

мононатрієва глутамат

a water-soluble vitamin essential for various bodily functions, including energy metabolism and maintaining skin, digestive, and nervous system health

ніацин

a white soluble compound (NaHCO3) commonly known as baking soda, is used in cooking and serves as a remedy for stomach upset

бікарбонат натрію, харчова сода

a natural compound in plants, like grapes and tea, that gives astringency to foods and drinks

танін

a water-soluble vitamin essential for energy metabolism and proper functioning of the nervous system

тіамін, вітамін B1

a nutrient that helps the brain, nerves, and immune system work properly

вітамін B6

a B-vitamin that helps the body convert food into energy and is important for healthy skin, hair, and nails

біотин

a B-vitamin that helps the body convert food into energy and is important for the synthesis of hormones and cholesterol

пантотенова кислота