a substance, such as vitamin E, that helps clean the body of harmful substances

抗酸化物質, 抗酸化剤
a natural chemical compound produced by plants, often possessing health-promoting properties

フィトケミカル, 植物化学物質
a substance that consists of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon that provide heat and energy for the body, found in foods such as bread, pasta, fruits, etc.

炭水化物, カーボハイドレート
a substance found in food such as meat, eggs, seeds, etc. which is an essential part of the diet and keeps the body strong and healthy

たんぱく質, プロテイン
a type of acid that is found in nuts, fish, some fruits, etc.

脂肪酸 (しぼうさん), ファット酸 (ふぁっとさん)
any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids

脂質(ししつ), リピッド
a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, responsible for carrying genetic information

核酸 (かくさん), ヌクレア酸 (ぬくれあさん)
a substance taken from animals or plants and then processed so that it can be used in cooking

脂肪(しぼう), 脂(あぶら)
a type of carbohydrate that cannot be broken down by the body and instead helps regulate bowel movements and maintain a healthy digestive system

食物繊維, ファイバー
a solid and natural substance that is not produced in the body of living beings but its intake is necessary to remain healthy

ミネラル, 鉱物
the field of science that studies food and drink and their effects on the human body

栄養学 (えいようがく), 栄養 (えいよう)
very necessary for a particular purpose or situation

必須の, 不可欠な
natural substances that are found in food, which the body needs in small amounts to remain healthy, such as vitamin A, B, etc.

ビタミン, 栄養素
a liquid with no smell, taste, or color, that falls from the sky as rain, and is used for washing, cooking, drinking, etc.

水(みず), ウォーター
a simple sugar molecule, the most basic form of carbohydrates that cannot be further hydrolyzed

単糖類, 単糖
a basic kind of sugar that is a component of carbohydrates and provides energy for many living organisms

グルコース, ブドウ糖
a natural sugar found in fruits and honey, often used to sweeten foods and drinks

フルクトース, 果糖
a complex carbohydrate composed of multiple sugar molecules linked together, commonly found in foods like starch and glycogen

多糖類, ポリサッカライド
a white carbohydrate food substance that exists in flour, potatoes, rice, etc.

でんぷん, デンプン
a type of fat present in the blood and common in foods, consisting of three fatty acid molecules attached to a glycerol molecule

トリグリセリド, トリグリセライド
a simple alcohol compound that is a component of triglycerides, commonly found in fats and oils

グリセロール, グリセリン
a type of sugar composed of two simple sugar molecules, commonly found in foods such as sucrose, lactose, and maltose

二糖類, 二糖
a type of sugar, commonly known as table sugar, composed of glucose and fructose molecules linked together

スクロース, ショ糖
a sugar found in milk, consisting of glucose and galactose molecules linked together

ラクトース, 乳糖
a sugar formed by two glucose molecules linked together, commonly found in malted foods and used in brewing

マルトース, 麦芽糖
a complex carbohydrate that serves as a storage form of energy in the liver and muscles, made up of glucose molecules linked together

グリコーゲン, グリコジェン
a type of fat molecule that contains no double bonds between carbon atoms and is typically solid at room temperature

飽和脂肪酸 (ほうわしぼうさん), 飽和脂肪 (ほうわしぼう)
a type of fat that contains one or more double bonds in its chemical structure and is considered healthier for the body

不飽和脂肪酸, 不飽和脂肪
a group of fatty acids found in fish or other seafood, which is considered very good for the body

オメガ-3, オメガ3脂肪酸
a good fat found in vegetable oils and seeds that our body needs for various functions

オメガ-6脂肪酸, オメガ-6
a type of unsaturated fat that is created when oil becomes solid after being chemically processed, a process such as the making of margarine

トランス脂肪酸, トランスファット酸
a good kind of fat in certain oils and foods, with more than one healthy link in its structure

多価不飽和脂肪酸, ポリ不飽和脂肪酸
unable to be dissolved, especially in a liquid

不溶性の (ふようせいの), 溶媒に溶けない (ようばいにとけない)
(of a substance) able to break up and disperse within a fluid

溶解性の, 可溶性の
a substance found in the cell walls of plants, providing structure and making up dietary fiber

セロース, セルロース
a type of carbohydrate consisting of a small number of sugar molecules joined together

オリゴ糖, オリゴサッカライド
a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself

酵素 (こうそ), 酵素体 (こうそたい)
a chemical element that is a bluish-white gas, used for disinfecting water, maintaining pool hygiene, and as an active sanitizing agent in household cleaners

塩素(えんそ), クロリン
a chemical element that is a shiny gray solid, crucial for muscle and nerve function, found in green leafy vegetables and nuts

マグネシウム, マグネシウム元素
a chemical element that is a vital component of DNA and bone structure, found in dairy products, meat, and nuts, playing a key role in cellular energy transfer

リン, リン元素
a chemical element that is crucial for fluid balance, nerve signals, and muscle contractions, commonly found in bananas, potatoes, and leafy greens

カリウム, カリウム元素
a chemical element, vital for fluid balance and nerve impulses, commonly found in table salt and processed foods

ナトリウム, ソジウム
a metallic chemical element that has a red-brown color, primarily used as a conductor in wiring

銅(どう), カッパー
a purple-black chemical element essential for thyroid hormone synthesis, crucial for metabolism and overall growth that can be found in the seawater

ヨウ素, アイオダイン
a metallic chemical element with a silvery-gray appearance, widely used for making tools, steel, buildings, and various industrial products

鉄 (てつ), アイアン
a mineral essential for human nutrition, playing a role in enzyme activation and bone formation

マンガン, マンガニーズ
a silvery-gray metal that helps human being with breaking down proteins, alcohol, drugs, and toxins, also used for enhancing the high-strength steels

モリブデン, モリブデニウム
a bluish-white metal essential for immune function and wound healing, also widely used in covering steel and preventing it from rusting and corroding

亜鉛 (あえん), ジンク
a fat-soluble vitamin crucial for human nutrition, essential for calcium absorption, bone health, and immune system support

ビタミンD, ビタミンディー
a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, known for its antioxidant properties, supporting immune function, and collagen production

ビタミンC, アスコルビン酸
a fat-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for vision, immune function, and skin health

ビタミンA, ビタミンエー
a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for energy metabolism and nerve function

ビタミンB1, チアミン
a water-soluble vitamin essential for human nutrition, crucial for overall well-being and vitality

ビタミンB2, リボフラビン
a water-soluble vitamin crucial for human nutrition, essential for nerve function, DNA synthesis, and red blood cell formation

ビタミンB12, コバラミン
a fat-soluble vitamin essential for blood clotting and bone metabolism

ビタミンK, ビタミンケー
a protein in blood plasma that helps regulate fluid balance, maintain blood pressure, and transport various substances throughout the body

アルブミン, アルブミンたんぱく質
a vitamin that helps keep the body cells healthy and supports the immune system, commonly found in fruits like orange and vegetables like tomatoes
a substance that helps mix and stabilize immiscible liquids, such as oil and water, to create a uniform and stable emulsion

エマルジョン剤, 乳化剤
a vitamin that helps our bodies make DNA and divide cells, often found in supplements and enriched foods

葉酸, フォリック酸
a mixture of proteins found in wheat and other cereal grains, responsible for the elastic texture of dough

グルテン, グルテニン
a water-soluble vitamin essential for various bodily functions, including energy metabolism and maintaining skin, digestive, and nervous system health

ナイアシン, ニコチン酸
a white soluble compound (NaHCO3) commonly known as baking soda, is used in cooking and serves as a remedy for stomach upset

重曹 (じゅうそう), 炭酸水素ナトリウム (たんさんすいそのナトリウム)
a natural compound in plants, like grapes and tea, that gives astringency to foods and drinks

タンニン, 鞣酸(じゅうさん)
a nutrient that helps the brain, nerves, and immune system work properly

ビタミンB6, ビタミンB6栄養素
a B-vitamin that helps the body convert food into energy and is important for healthy skin, hair, and nails

ビオチン, ビタミンH
a B-vitamin that helps the body convert food into energy and is important for the synthesis of hormones and cholesterol

パントテン酸, ビタミンB5
