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Leyes y Normativas - Procedimientos judiciales y litigios

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Words Related to Law and Regulation
to sue
to sue
[Verbo]

to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

demandar

demandar

Ex: The author opted to sue the publisher for copyright infringement. 
lawsuit
lawsuit
[Sustantivo]

a complaint or claim that someone brings to a law court for settlement

pleito, demanda, juicio

pleito, demanda, juicio

Ex: The lawsuit was settled out of court with both parties agreeing to a financial settlement. 
case
case
[Sustantivo]

a matter that is to be dealt with in a court of law

caso

caso

Ex: The high-profile case attracted a lot of media attention and public interest. 
court
court
[Sustantivo]

the place in which legal proceedings are conducted

tribunal

tribunal

Ex: The court issued a verdict after carefully considering the evidence. 
family court
family court
[Sustantivo]

a court that decides on family matters such as divorce

tribunal familiar

tribunal familiar

Ex: Family court deals with matters such as child support, adoption, and domestic violence cases. 

El tribunal de familia se ocupa de asuntos como la manutención de los hijos, la adopción y los casos de violencia doméstica.

court of appeals
court of appeals
[Sustantivo]

a higher court that reviews decisions made by lower courts to determine if there were errors

corte de apelaciones

corte de apelaciones

Ex: Lawyers filed a petition with the court of appeals. 

Los abogados presentaron una petición ante el tribunal de apelaciones.

court order
court order
[Sustantivo]

an order given by a judge or court regarding a case

mandato judicial, orden judicial

mandato judicial, orden judicial

Ex: The court order mandated the eviction of the tenants for failure to pay rent. 

La orden judicial ordenó el desalojo de los inquilinos por no pagar el alquiler.

contempt of court
contempt of court
[Sustantivo]

disrespect or disobedience toward a court and its rules

desacato al tribunal, contempto de tribunal

desacato al tribunal, contempto de tribunal

Ex: Refusing to answer questions can be contempt of court. 

Negarse a responder preguntas puede constituir desacato al tribunal.

to hear
to hear
[Verbo]

(of a court case) to listen, examine, and judge based on the evidence presented, statements given, etc.

oír, juzgar

oír, juzgar

Ex: The judge will hear the appeal and consider the new evidence. 
hearing
hearing
[Sustantivo]

(law) an official gathering in a court of law, especially without the presence of the jury, to find out information about a case and listen to evidence

audiencia, vista

audiencia, vista

Ex: During the evidentiary hearing, the prosecution presented forensic evidence to support their case. 
legal proceeding
legal proceeding
[Sustantivo]

an official process in a court of law to settle a legal matter

procedimiento legal, proceso judicial

procedimiento legal, proceso judicial

Ex: Legal proceedings can take months or even years. 

Los procedimientos legales pueden llevar meses o incluso años.

to represent

to serve as a legal or business representative

representar, actuar en nombre de

representar, actuar en nombre de

Ex: In real estate transactions, a licensed agent can represent buyers or sellers. 
dock
dock
[Sustantivo]

an enclosed place in a courtroom where a person accused of a crime sits or stands during a trial

banquillo,  banquillo de los acusados

banquillo, banquillo de los acusados

Ex: The accused remained in the dock throughout the hearing. 
witness stand
witness stand
[Sustantivo]

the place in a courtroom where a witness sits to give evidence

el estrado de los testigos, la tribuna de los testigos

el estrado de los testigos, la tribuna de los testigos

Ex: He was nervous when called to the witness stand. 

Estaba nervioso cuando fue llamado al estrado de los testigos.

to testify
to testify
[Verbo]

to make a statement as a witness in court saying something is true

testificar, declarar

testificar, declarar

Ex: Experts may be called to testify regarding their professional opinions on a case. 

Se puede llamar a los expertos a testificar respecto a sus opiniones profesionales sobre un caso.

to acquit
to acquit
[Verbo]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

absolver

absolver

Ex: Last month, the court acquitted the accused after a thorough trial. 

El mes pasado, el tribunal absolvió al acusado después de un juicio exhaustivo.

appeal
appeal
[Sustantivo]

a legal procedure in which a higher court is asked to review and overturn a lower court's decision

apelación

apelación

Ex: Her lawyer prepared an appeal to challenge the ruling. 
appellant
appellant
[Sustantivo]

a person who appeals in a higher court against a decision made in a lower court

apelante

apelante

Ex: The appellant argued that the lower court made a legal error. 

El apelante argumentó que el tribunal inferior cometió un error legal.

dissent
dissent
[Sustantivo]

a formal statement in which a judge disagrees with the opinion or decision of the majority

disentimiento

disentimiento

Ex: In his dissent, the judge warned of future consequences for civil rights. 

En su disidencia, el juez advirtió sobre las consecuencias futuras para los derechos civiles.

to litigate

to initiate legal action against another party or person

litigar

litigar

Ex: She had to litigate to protect her intellectual property. 

Ella tuvo que litigar para proteger su propiedad intelectual.

litigation
litigation
[Sustantivo]

the formal procedure of resolving disputes through the court system

litigio

litigio

Ex: They avoided litigation by settling out of court. 

Evitaron el litigio llegando a un acuerdo extrajudicial.

plea
plea
[Sustantivo]

a formal answer given in court to a criminal charge, stating whether the accused is guilty or not guilty

declaración

declaración

Ex: The judge asked him to enter a plea to the charge. 
to plead
to plead
[Verbo]

to officially state in court whether one is guilty or not guilty of a criminal charge

defender

defender

Ex: She pleaded not guilty to all three counts. 
trial
trial
[Sustantivo]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

juicio

juicio

Ex: After a lengthy trial, the defendant was found guilty and sentenced to ten years in prison. 
pretrial
pretrial
[Sustantivo]

a meeting or process before a trial to plan the case and decide what will be discussed in court

preliminar, audiencia preparatoria

preliminar, audiencia preparatoria

Ex: The judge scheduled a pretrial meeting for both parties. 

El juez programó una reunión previa al juicio para ambas partes.

recess
recess
[Sustantivo]

a short break during a court trial

suspensión de la audiencia, receso judicial

suspensión de la audiencia, receso judicial

Ex: Lawyers used the recess to discuss strategy. 

Los abogados utilizaron el receso para discutir la estrategia.

to remand
to remand
[Verbo]

to send a case back to a court of lower authority for additional reconsideration or review

remitir

remitir

Ex: The Supreme Court remanded the case to the lower court, citing errors in the original trial proceedings. 

El Tribunal Supremo devolvió el caso al tribunal inferior, citando errores en los procedimientos del juicio original.

jury duty
jury duty
[Sustantivo]

a civic obligation requiring individuals to serve as members of a jury in a court of law

deber de jurado, servicio de jurado

deber de jurado, servicio de jurado

Ex: Serving on jury duty allowed her to gain a firsthand understanding of the legal system. 

Servir en el jurado le permitió obtener una comprensión directa del sistema legal.

litigant
litigant
[Sustantivo]

(law) a person or party involved in a legal case

litigante

litigante

Ex: After the car accident, John became a litigant, seeking compensation for medical expenses and damages caused by the negligent driver. 

Después del accidente automovilístico, John se convirtió en un litigante, buscando compensación por los gastos médicos y los daños causados por el conductor negligente.

to affirm
to affirm
[Verbo]

to confirm a legal decision or judgment

confirmar

confirmar

Ex: The appeal was affirmed by the higher court. 

La apelación fue confirmada por el tribunal superior.

count
count
[Sustantivo]

a specific crime someone is accused of

cargo, acusación

cargo, acusación

Ex: The suspect was charged with multiple counts of fraud. 
to impeach
to impeach
[Verbo]

to formally charge or accuse someone of a crime or misdemeanor

acusar, imputar

acusar, imputar

Ex: After further investigation, the authorities decided to impeach him for fraud. 

Después de una investigación más profunda, las autoridades decidieron acusarlo por fraude.

to issue
to issue
[Verbo]

to officially start a legal process against someone, often with a document

publicar

publicar

Ex: The judge issued a writ against the company. 
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