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Ngôn Ngữ Học - Phân tích ngữ dụng và diễn ngôn

Tại đây bạn sẽ học một số từ tiếng Anh liên quan đến ngữ dụng học và phân tích diễn ngôn như “đối thoại”, “sự gắn kết” và “lập lờ”.

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Bắt đầu học
Words Related to Linguistics
linguistic context

the surrounding linguistic elements that contribute to the interpretation and meaning of a specific expression or utterance

bối cảnh ngôn ngữ

bối cảnh ngôn ngữ

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[Danh từ]
deixis

the phenomenon in language where the interpretation of certain words or expressions depends on the context of the speaker, listener, and the surrounding situation

deixis

deixis

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[Danh từ]
person deixis

a type of deixis that involves the use of pronouns and verb forms to refer to the participants in a conversation

người deixis

người deixis

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[Danh từ]
spatial deixis

a type of deixis that involves the use of language to refer to spatial locations, such as indicating the direction, distance, or proximity of objects or places in relation to the speaker or the context of the conversation

sự kết hợp không gian

sự kết hợp không gian

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[Danh từ]
temporal deixis

a type of deixis that involves the use of language to refer to specific points in time, such as indicating the past, present, or future, or expressing temporal relations and sequencing of events

sự kết hợp tạm thời

sự kết hợp tạm thời

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[Danh từ]
direct speech

the representation of someone's words using quotation marks, presenting their exact utterances as they were spoken or written

câu nói trực tiếp

câu nói trực tiếp

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[Danh từ]
indirect speech

the representation of someone's words by reporting or paraphrasing their statements without using direct quotation marks

lời nói gián tiếp

lời nói gián tiếp

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[Danh từ]
speech act

an utterance or expression that not only conveys meaning but also performs a particular function or action in communication, such as making a request, giving an order, or making a promise

hành động nói

hành động nói

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[Danh từ]
reference

the act of referring to or indicating something or someone in language, where words or expressions are used to point to or denote specific entities, objects, or concepts

sự hỏi lại

sự hỏi lại

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[Danh từ]
face-threatening act

a communicative behavior or action that poses a risk to someone's positive face, their desired self-image or social identity, potentially leading to face loss or face-threatening situations.

hành động đe dọa mặt

hành động đe dọa mặt

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[Danh từ]
face-saving act

a communicative behavior or action that helps to protect or restore someone's positive face, their desired self-image or social identity, in order to avoid or mitigate face loss or face-threatening situations

hành động giữ thể diện

hành động giữ thể diện

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[Danh từ]
expression

a word or phrase, often an idiomatic one

cách biểu lộ

cách biểu lộ

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[Danh từ]
caregiver speech

a speech style characterized by simplified language, exaggerated prosody, repetition, and high pitch, commonly used by caregivers when interacting with infants and young children

bài phát biểu của người chăm sóc

bài phát biểu của người chăm sóc

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[Danh từ]
connected speech

the natural flow of spoken language where words and sounds are connected together, often resulting in changes in pronunciation, elision of sounds, and modifications in speech patterns

lời nói được kết nối

lời nói được kết nối

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[Danh từ]
discourse marker

a linguistic element or phrase used in speech or writing to indicate the structure, organization, or relationship between different parts of a discourse, often serving to facilitate communication and signal the speaker's intentions or attitudes

điểm đánh dấu diễn ngôn

điểm đánh dấu diễn ngôn

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[Danh từ]
framing

the cognitive and linguistic process of shaping and presenting information in a particular way to influence how people perceive and interpret it

đóng khung

đóng khung

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[Danh từ]
dialogue

a conversation or exchange of ideas between two or more individuals, typically characterized by turn-taking, interactive communication, and mutual understanding

cuộc đối thoại

cuộc đối thoại

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[Danh từ]
discourse

the use of language in a larger context, including conversations, written texts, and social interactions, where meaning is constructed and communicated through the organization and flow of language

bài diển văn

bài diển văn

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[Danh từ]
intertextuality

the interconnectedness and referencing of texts, where one text refers to or influences another, creating layers of meaning and a complex web of relationships between texts

tính liên văn bản

tính liên văn bản

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[Danh từ]
text

anything that is in written form

bản văn

bản văn

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[Danh từ]
pejorative

language, words, or expressions that convey a negative or derogatory connotation and are intended to belittle, criticize, or insult someone or something

miệt thị

miệt thị

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[Danh từ]
turn-taking

the process by which participants in a conversation alternate speaking and listening, following certain rules and cues to facilitate smooth and coherent communication

lần lượt lấy

lần lượt lấy

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[Danh từ]
hedge

a linguistic device used to express uncertainty or vagueness, often through words or phrases that indicate a lack of commitment or certainty in one's statement

hàng rào

hàng rào

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[Danh từ]
implicature

the meaning that is inferred or implied by a speaker in a conversation, beyond the literal or explicit meaning of the words used, relying on context and shared knowledge between the participants

hàm ý

hàm ý

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[Danh từ]
coherence

the overall sense of unity, logic, and connectedness in a text or discourse, where the ideas, information, and elements are organized and presented in a clear and meaningful way

dính liền nhau

dính liền nhau

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[Danh từ]
cohesion

the linguistic mechanisms used to create connections and coherence within a text by employing various cohesive devices and techniques

sự dính liền

sự dính liền

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[Danh từ]
cohesion tie

a specific linguistic element or device that connects different parts of a text, contributing to the overall coherence and unity of the discourse

sự gắn kết

sự gắn kết

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[Danh từ]
circumlocution

the use of an indirect expression to describe something

lời nói dài dòng

lời nói dài dòng

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[Danh từ]
euphemism

a word or expression that is used instead of a harsh or insulting one in order to be more tactful and polite

uyển khúc ngữ pháp

uyển khúc ngữ pháp

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[Danh từ]
equivocation

the deliberate use of ambiguous language or expressions to avoid making a clear or definite statement

sự không rõ nghiã

sự không rõ nghiã

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[Danh từ]
holophrasis

(linguistics) the prelinguistic practice of expressing a whole idea in a single word

ba chiều

ba chiều

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[Danh từ]
colloquialism

a word or phrase that is not formal or literary and is used in everyday conversations

câu nói thân mật

câu nói thân mật

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[Danh từ]
malapropism

the humorous and incorrect use of a word that sounds similar to the intended word

sự sai trái

sự sai trái

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[Danh từ]
utterance

a unit of speech or writing that is complete and coherent, usually consisting of one or more words and conveying a specific meaning or message

phát biểu ý kiến

phát biểu ý kiến

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[Danh từ]
pleonasm

(linguistics) the redundant use of words in a way that might be considered a fault of style, or to create an emphatic effect

tính chất thừa

tính chất thừa

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[Danh từ]
tmesis

(linguistics) the separation of parts of a compound word by insertion of one or more words, often in informal speech

phép phân ngữ

phép phân ngữ

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[Danh từ]
rhetorical question

a question that is not meant to be answered, but is instead used to make a point or to create emphasis or effect

câu hỏi tu từ

câu hỏi tu từ

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[Danh từ]
display question

a type of interrogative sentence that is asked not to obtain information but rather to make a statement or express an attitude

hiển thị câu hỏi

hiển thị câu hỏi

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[Danh từ]
referential question

a type of interrogative sentence that seeks specific information or references a particular entity, object, or concept

câu hỏi tham khảo

câu hỏi tham khảo

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[Danh từ]
focus

the emphasis or prominence placed on a particular element or information in a sentence or discourse

nhắm cho đúng

nhắm cho đúng

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[Danh từ]
bilingual pun

a wordplay or joke that relies on the use of multiple languages, often involving the similarity or ambiguity of words or phrases in different languages to create humorous or clever effects

chơi chữ song ngữ

chơi chữ song ngữ

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[Danh từ]
backchannel

the verbal and non-verbal cues, such as nodding, "uh-huh," or other short responses, that listeners use to indicate their engagement and understanding during a conversation

kênh trở lại

kênh trở lại

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[Danh từ]
proverb

a well-known statement or phrase that expresses a general truth or gives advice

phương ngôn

phương ngôn

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[Danh từ]
deictic

a word or expression that relies on the context of the utterance for its interpretation, particularly in terms of spatial, temporal, or personal reference

có tính chất quyết định

có tính chất quyết định

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[Danh từ]
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