语言学 - 语用学与话语分析

在这里,你将学习一些与语用学和话语分析相关的英语单词,如“对话”、“衔接”和“含糊其辞”。

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语言学
reference [名词]
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the relationship in which a word, phrase, or expression points to, denotes, or indicates a specific entity, object, or concept

Ex: Pronouns like " he " or " they " depend on context to establish reference .
expression [名词]
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表达

Ex: The phrase once in a blue moon is an expression used to describe something that happens very rarely .

短语“千载难逢”是用来描述很少发生的事情的表达方式

discourse [名词]
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话语

Ex: Classroom discourse helps students develop critical thinking skills .

课堂话语有助于学生发展批判性思维技能。

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互文性

Ex: The novel 's use of intertextuality becomes apparent when it references famous lines from Shakespeare , adding layers of meaning to the characters ' dialogues .

小说中对互文性的运用在引用莎士比亚的著名台词时变得明显,为角色的对话增添了意义层次。

text [名词]
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文本

Ex:

她在午餐时收到了伴侣发来的一条浪漫的短信

pejorative [名词]
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贬义词

Ex: The review was filled with pejoratives aimed at the director .

这篇评论充满了针对导演的贬义词

hedge [名词]
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a linguistic device used to indicate uncertainty, vagueness, or lack of commitment, often expressed through words or phrases

Ex: Linguists study hedges to understand how speakers soften assertions .
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迂回说法

Ex: The poet employed circumlocution by saying " coppery orb " rather than directly naming the sun .

诗人通过说“铜球”而不是直接命名太阳,使用了迂回说法

euphemism [名词]
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委婉语

Ex: To avoid upsetting the children , she employed a euphemism , saying their pet rabbit had " gone to a farm " instead of mentioning its death .

为了避免让孩子们难过,她使用了一个委婉语,说他们的宠物兔子“去了农场”,而不是提到它的死亡。

malapropism [名词]
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词语误用

Ex: The politician 's frequent malapropisms became the subject of ridicule in the media .

那位政治家频繁的词语误用成了媒体嘲笑的对象。

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反问

Ex: The speaker posed a rhetorical question to engage the audience more effectively .

演讲者提出了一个反问句,以更有效地吸引观众。

proverb [名词]
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谚语

Ex: The proverb ' A stitch in time saves nine ' advises that addressing problems early can prevent them from becoming larger issues .

谚语'及时一针省九针'建议及早解决问题可以防止它们变成更大的问题。