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Cuerpo - El Sistema Digestivo

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con el sistema digestivo, como "intestino", "recto" y "colon".

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Words Related to Body
throat
[Sustantivo]

a passage in the neck through which food and air pass

garganta

garganta

Ex: The doctor examined his throat to check for any signs of infection .El médico examinó su **garganta** para buscar cualquier signo de infección.
pharynx
[Sustantivo]

(anatomy) the passage in the throat that connects the mouth to the gullet

faringe

faringe

Ex: Doctors use a lighted instrument to examine the pharynx during a throat examination .Los médicos utilizan un instrumento iluminado para examinar la **faringe** durante un examen de garganta.
bile
[Sustantivo]

a greenish-brown alkaline fluid that is produced by the liver in order to help the body digest fats

bilis

bilis

Ex: After a fatty meal , the gallbladder contracts , releasing bile into the duodenum to facilitate the digestion and absorption of dietary fats .Después de una comida grasa, la vesícula biliar se contrae, liberando **bilis** en el duodeno para facilitar la digestión y absorción de las grasas dietéticas.
appendix
[Sustantivo]

a sack of tissue that is attached to the large intestine and is surgically removed if infected

apéndice

apéndice

Ex: Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix and requires surgical removal .La **apendicitis** es la inflamación del **apéndice** y requiere extirpación quirúrgica.
small intestine
[Sustantivo]

a long, tubular organ in the digestive system responsible for nutrient absorption from food

intestino delgado, intestino pequeño

intestino delgado, intestino pequeño

intestine
[Sustantivo]

a long, continuous tube in the body through which the food coming from the stomach moves and is passed

intestino

intestino

Ex: The intestines play a vital role in breaking down food and absorbing nutrients .**El intestino** desempeña un papel vital en la descomposición de los alimentos y la absorción de nutrientes.
esophagus
[Sustantivo]

a muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach, allowing for the passage of food and liquids during digestion

esófago

esófago

Ex: A blockage or narrowing of the esophagus, called esophageal stricture , can make it difficult or painful to swallow food or liquids .Un bloqueo o estrechamiento del **esófago**, llamado estenosis esofágica, puede dificultar o hacer dolorosa la ingestión de alimentos o líquidos.
stomach
[Sustantivo]

the body part inside our body where the food that we eat goes

estómago

estómago

Ex: She felt a wave of nausea in her stomach during the car ride .Ella sintió una oleada de náuseas en su **estómago** durante el viaje en coche.
liver
[Sustantivo]

a vital organ in the body that cleans the blood of harmful substances

hígado

hígado

Ex: Elevated levels of liver enzymes in blood tests may indicate liver damage or dysfunction , prompting further investigation by healthcare providers .Los niveles elevados de enzimas **hepáticas** en los análisis de sangre pueden indicar daño o disfunción del hígado, lo que lleva a los proveedores de atención médica a realizar más investigaciones.
bile duct
[Sustantivo]

the tube that carries bile from the liver or the gall bladder to the first segment of the small intestine, also known as duodenum

vía biliar

vía biliar

canal
[Sustantivo]

a tubular passage in the body through which air, liquid or food can pass

canal, tubo

canal, tubo

colon
[Sustantivo]

(anatomy) the main part of the large intestine, between the caecum to the rectum, where water is removed from solid waste

colon

colon

Ex: A colonoscopy is a procedure used to examine the colon for abnormalities , such as polyps or tumors , and to screen for colorectal cancer .Una **colonoscopia** es un procedimiento utilizado para examinar el **colon** en busca de anomalías, como pólipos o tumores, y para detectar el cáncer colorrectal.
gullet
[Sustantivo]

the duct through which food is passed from the throat to the stomach

esófago, garganta

esófago, garganta

gut
[Sustantivo]

the lower part of digestive tract responsible for food absorption

intestino

intestino

Ex: The nutritionist emphasized the importance of fiber in maintaining a healthy gut and regular bowel movements .El nutricionista enfatizó la importancia de la fibra para mantener un **intestino** saludable y movimientos intestinales regulares.
gallbladder
[Sustantivo]

a small, pear-shaped organ located beneath the liver in which the body stores a strong digestive fluid produced by the liver

vesícula, vesícula biliar

vesícula, vesícula biliar

Ex: The absence of a gallbladder does n't typically impair digestion significantly , as bile can still flow from the liver directly into the small intestine , albeit in a less concentrated manner .La ausencia de la **vesícula biliar** no suele afectar significativamente la digestión, ya que la bilis aún puede fluir desde el hígado directamente al intestino delgado, aunque de manera menos concentrada.
pancreas
[Sustantivo]

a large gland in the body that produces insulin and glucagon and substances that help the body digest food

páncreas

páncreas

Ex: The islets of Langerhans within the pancreas contain beta cells that produce insulin , essential for glucose metabolism and energy production in the body .Los islotes de Langerhans dentro del **páncreas** contienen células beta que producen insulina, esencial para el metabolismo de la glucosa y la producción de energía en el cuerpo.
rectum
[Sustantivo]

the final part of the large intestine where waste is collected before being passed through the anus

recto

recto

duodenum
[Sustantivo]

the initial segment of the small intestine that receives partially digested food from the stomach for further digestion

duodeno

duodeno

ascending colon
[Sustantivo]

the segment of the colon that travels vertically along the right side of the abdominal cavity

colon ascendente, colon ascendente

colon ascendente, colon ascendente

descending colon
[Sustantivo]

the segment of the large intestine that travels downward on the left side of the abdomen

colon descendente, colon izquierdo descendente

colon descendente, colon izquierdo descendente

transverse colon
[Sustantivo]

the section of the large intestine that extends horizontally across the abdomen, connecting the ascending and descending colons

colon transverso, colon transversal

colon transverso, colon transversal

cecum
[Sustantivo]

the first part of the large intestine, located in the lower right abdomen

ciego

ciego

sigmoid colon
[Sustantivo]

the curved segment of the large intestine that links the descending colon to the rectum, forming an "S" shape in the human body

colon sigmoide, sigmoide

colon sigmoide, sigmoide

jejunum
[Sustantivo]

the middle section of the small intestine, located between the duodenum and the ileum

yeyuno, intestino delgado medio

yeyuno, intestino delgado medio

hepatic flexure
[Sustantivo]

a sharp bend in the colon located in the upper-right quadrant of the abdomen where the ascending colon meets the transverse colon

ángulo hepático, flexura hepática

ángulo hepático, flexura hepática

splenic flexure
[Sustantivo]

a sharp bend in the colon located in the upper-left quadrant of the abdomen where the transverse colon meets the descending colon

ángulo esplénico, flexura esplénica

ángulo esplénico, flexura esplénica

ileum
[Sustantivo]

the final segment of the small intestine that connects to the large intestine in the human body

íleon

íleon

pancreatic duct
[Sustantivo]

a duct that carries digestive enzymes from the pancreas to the small intestine for the breakdown and absorption of food

conducto pancreático, canal pancreático

conducto pancreático, canal pancreático

common bile duct
[Sustantivo]

a duct that transports bile from the liver and gallbladder to the small intestine for digestion and absorption of fats

conducto biliar común, vía biliar principal

conducto biliar común, vía biliar principal

anus
[Sustantivo]

a hole at the end of an animal or human's body from which the faeces leaves the body

ano

ano

anal canal
[Sustantivo]

the terminal portion of the large intestine that extends from the rectum to the anus and is responsible for the passage of fecal matter during defecation

canal anal, conducto anal

canal anal, conducto anal

alimentary canal
[Sustantivo]

the tube-like structure in the human body through which food passes, extending from the mouth to the anus

canal alimentario, tubo digestivo

canal alimentario, tubo digestivo

bladder
[Sustantivo]

a sac-like organ inside the body where urine is stored before being passed

vejiga

vejiga

Ex: The ultrasound showed that the bladder was functioning normally .El ultrasonido mostró que la **vejiga** funcionaba normalmente.
kidney
[Sustantivo]

each of the two bean-shaped organs in the lower back of the body that separate wastes from the blood and make urine

riñón

riñón

Ex: Drinking plenty of water and adopting a balanced diet low in sodium and processed foods can help promote kidney health and prevent disease .Beber mucha agua y adoptar una dieta equilibrada baja en sodio y alimentos procesados puede ayudar a promover la salud del **riñón** y prevenir enfermedades.
urethra
[Sustantivo]

(anatomy) the tube in most mammals that carries urine out of the body, which also carries sperm in males

uretra

uretra

Ex: The urethra is surrounded by muscles known as the urethral sphincters , which help control the flow of urine and semen .La **uretra** está rodeada por músculos conocidos como esfínteres uretrales, que ayudan a controlar el flujo de orina y semen.
ureter
[Sustantivo]

a narrow tube that transports urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder in the human body

uréter, conducto urinario

uréter, conducto urinario

renal pelvis
[Sustantivo]

the central collecting region of the kidney where urine from the renal calyces is gathered before it travels to the ureter

pelvis renal, pélvis renal

pelvis renal, pélvis renal

renal cortex
[Sustantivo]

the outermost layer of the kidney that houses the functional units responsible for urine production and filtration

corteza renal, córtex renal

corteza renal, córtex renal

renal medulla
[Sustantivo]

the inner part of the kidney that produces urine and regulates water and electrolyte balance

médula renal, sustancia medular del riñón

médula renal, sustancia medular del riñón

pepsin
[Sustantivo]

an enzyme produced in the stomach that helps in the digestion of proteins by breaking them down into smaller peptides

pepsina, enzima pepsica

pepsina, enzima pepsica

Ex: Excessive production of pepsin can contribute to conditions such as gastritis and peptic ulcers .La producción excesiva de **pepsina** puede contribuir a afecciones como la gastritis y las úlceras pépticas.
villus
[Sustantivo]

a microscopic, finger-like structure found in the lining of the small intestine, responsible for enhancing the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream

vellosidad, villus

vellosidad, villus

saliva
[Sustantivo]

the liquid produced in the mouth to make chewing and swallowing easier and to prepare food for digestion

saliva

saliva

Ex: The forensic scientist collected saliva samples from the crime scene to extract DNA evidence .El científico forense recolectó muestras de **saliva** de la escena del crimen para extraer evidencia de ADN.
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