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Corpo - L'Apparato Digerente

Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi relative al sistema digestivo, come "intestino", "retto" e "colon".

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Words Related to Body
throat
[sostantivo]

a passage in the neck through which food and air pass

gola

gola

Ex: The doctor examined his throat to check for any signs of infection .Il medico ha esaminato la sua **gola** per verificare eventuali segni di infezione.
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pharynx
[sostantivo]

(anatomy) the passage in the throat that connects the mouth to the gullet

faringe

faringe

Ex: Doctors use a lighted instrument to examine the pharynx during a throat examination .I medici usano uno strumento illuminato per esaminare la **faringe** durante un esame della gola.
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bile
[sostantivo]

a greenish-brown alkaline fluid that is produced by the liver in order to help the body digest fats

bile

bile

Ex: After a fatty meal , the gallbladder contracts , releasing bile into the duodenum to facilitate the digestion and absorption of dietary fats .Dopo un pasto grasso, la cistifellea si contrae, rilasciando la **bile** nel duodeno per facilitare la digestione e l'assorbimento dei grassi alimentari.
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appendix
[sostantivo]

a sack of tissue that is attached to the large intestine and is surgically removed if infected

appendice

appendice

Ex: Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix and requires surgical removal .L'**appendicite** è l'infiammazione dell'**appendice** e richiede la rimozione chirurgica.
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small intestine
[sostantivo]

a long, tubular organ in the digestive system responsible for nutrient absorption from food

intestino tenue, piccolo intestino

intestino tenue, piccolo intestino

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intestine
[sostantivo]

a long, continuous tube in the body through which the food coming from the stomach moves and is passed

intestino

intestino

Ex: The intestines play a vital role in breaking down food and absorbing nutrients .**L'intestino** svolge un ruolo vitale nella scomposizione del cibo e nell'assorbimento dei nutrienti.
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esophagus
[sostantivo]

a muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach, allowing for the passage of food and liquids during digestion

esofago

esofago

Ex: A blockage or narrowing of the esophagus, called esophageal stricture , can make it difficult or painful to swallow food or liquids .Un blocco o un restringimento dell'**esofago**, chiamato stenosi esofagea, può rendere difficile o doloroso deglutire cibo o liquidi.
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stomach
[sostantivo]

the body part inside our body where the food that we eat goes

stomaco

stomaco

Ex: She felt a wave of nausea in her stomach during the car ride .Ha sentito un'ondata di nausea nello **stomaco** durante il viaggio in auto.
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liver
[sostantivo]

a vital organ in the body that cleans the blood of harmful substances

fegato

fegato

Ex: Elevated levels of liver enzymes in blood tests may indicate liver damage or dysfunction , prompting further investigation by healthcare providers .Livelli elevati di enzimi **epatici** negli esami del sangue possono indicare danni o disfunzioni del fegato, spingendo i fornitori di assistenza sanitaria a ulteriori indagini.
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bile duct
[sostantivo]

the tube that carries bile from the liver or the gall bladder to the first segment of the small intestine, also known as duodenum

biliare

biliare

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canal
[sostantivo]

a tubular passage in the body through which air, liquid or food can pass

canale

canale

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colon
[sostantivo]

(anatomy) the main part of the large intestine, between the caecum to the rectum, where water is removed from solid waste

Colon

Colon

Ex: A colonoscopy is a procedure used to examine the colon for abnormalities , such as polyps or tumors , and to screen for colorectal cancer .Una **colonscopia** è una procedura utilizzata per esaminare il **colon** alla ricerca di anomalie, come polipi o tumori, e per lo screening del cancro colorettale.
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gullet
[sostantivo]

the duct through which food is passed from the throat to the stomach

gola

gola

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gut
[sostantivo]

the lower part of digestive tract responsible for food absorption

intestino

intestino

Ex: The nutritionist emphasized the importance of fiber in maintaining a healthy gut and regular bowel movements .Il nutrizionista ha sottolineato l'importanza delle fibre per mantenere un **intestino** sano e movimenti intestinali regolari.
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gallbladder
[sostantivo]

a small, pear-shaped organ located beneath the liver in which the body stores a strong digestive fluid produced by the liver

cistifellea

cistifellea

Ex: The absence of a gallbladder does n't typically impair digestion significantly , as bile can still flow from the liver directly into the small intestine , albeit in a less concentrated manner .L'assenza della **cistifellea** non compromette solitamente in modo significativo la digestione, poiché la bile può ancora fluire dal fegato direttamente nell'intestino tenue, sebbene in modo meno concentrato.
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pancreas
[sostantivo]

a large gland in the body that produces insulin and glucagon and substances that help the body digest food

pancreas

pancreas

Ex: The islets of Langerhans within the pancreas contain beta cells that produce insulin , essential for glucose metabolism and energy production in the body .Le isole di Langerhans all'interno del **pancreas** contengono cellule beta che producono insulina, essenziale per il metabolismo del glucosio e la produzione di energia nel corpo.
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rectum
[sostantivo]

the final part of the large intestine where waste is collected before being passed through the anus

retto

retto

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duodenum
[sostantivo]

the initial segment of the small intestine that receives partially digested food from the stomach for further digestion

duodeno

duodeno

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ascending colon
[sostantivo]

the segment of the colon that travels vertically along the right side of the abdominal cavity

colon ascendente, colon ascendente

colon ascendente, colon ascendente

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descending colon
[sostantivo]

the segment of the large intestine that travels downward on the left side of the abdomen

colon discendente, colon sinistro discendente

colon discendente, colon sinistro discendente

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transverse colon
[sostantivo]

the section of the large intestine that extends horizontally across the abdomen, connecting the ascending and descending colons

colon trasverso, colon trasversale

colon trasverso, colon trasversale

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cecum
[sostantivo]

the first part of the large intestine, located in the lower right abdomen

cieco

cieco

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sigmoid colon
[sostantivo]

the curved segment of the large intestine that links the descending colon to the rectum, forming an "S" shape in the human body

colon sigmoideo, sigmoideo

colon sigmoideo, sigmoideo

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jejunum
[sostantivo]

the middle section of the small intestine, located between the duodenum and the ileum

digiuno, intestino tenue medio

digiuno, intestino tenue medio

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hepatic flexure
[sostantivo]

a sharp bend in the colon located in the upper-right quadrant of the abdomen where the ascending colon meets the transverse colon

flessura epatica, angolo epatico

flessura epatica, angolo epatico

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splenic flexure
[sostantivo]

a sharp bend in the colon located in the upper-left quadrant of the abdomen where the transverse colon meets the descending colon

flessura splenica, angolo sinistro del colon

flessura splenica, angolo sinistro del colon

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ileum
[sostantivo]

the final segment of the small intestine that connects to the large intestine in the human body

ileo

ileo

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pancreatic duct
[sostantivo]

a duct that carries digestive enzymes from the pancreas to the small intestine for the breakdown and absorption of food

dotto pancreatico, condotto pancreatico

dotto pancreatico, condotto pancreatico

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common bile duct
[sostantivo]

a duct that transports bile from the liver and gallbladder to the small intestine for digestion and absorption of fats

dotto biliare comune, via biliare principale

dotto biliare comune, via biliare principale

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anus
[sostantivo]

a hole at the end of an animal or human's body from which the faeces leaves the body

ano

ano

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anal canal
[sostantivo]

the terminal portion of the large intestine that extends from the rectum to the anus and is responsible for the passage of fecal matter during defecation

canale anale, condotto anale

canale anale, condotto anale

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alimentary canal
[sostantivo]

the tube-like structure in the human body through which food passes, extending from the mouth to the anus

canale alimentare, tubo digerente

canale alimentare, tubo digerente

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bladder
[sostantivo]

a sac-like organ inside the body where urine is stored before being passed

vescica

vescica

Ex: The ultrasound showed that the bladder was functioning normally .L'ecografia ha mostrato che la **vescica** funzionava normalmente.
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kidney
[sostantivo]

each of the two bean-shaped organs in the lower back of the body that separate wastes from the blood and make urine

rene, regnone

rene, regnone

Ex: Drinking plenty of water and adopting a balanced diet low in sodium and processed foods can help promote kidney health and prevent disease .Bere molta acqua e adottare una dieta equilibrata a basso contenuto di sodio e di alimenti trasformati può aiutare a promuovere la salute del **rene** e prevenire le malattie.
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urethra
[sostantivo]

(anatomy) the tube in most mammals that carries urine out of the body, which also carries sperm in males

uretra

uretra

Ex: The urethra is surrounded by muscles known as the urethral sphincters , which help control the flow of urine and semen .L'**uretra** è circondata da muscoli noti come sfinteri uretrali, che aiutano a controllare il flusso di urina e sperma.
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ureter
[sostantivo]

a narrow tube that transports urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder in the human body

uretere, dotto urinario

uretere, dotto urinario

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renal pelvis
[sostantivo]

the central collecting region of the kidney where urine from the renal calyces is gathered before it travels to the ureter

pelvi renale, bacinetto renale

pelvi renale, bacinetto renale

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renal cortex
[sostantivo]

the outermost layer of the kidney that houses the functional units responsible for urine production and filtration

corteccia renale, cortex renale

corteccia renale, cortex renale

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renal medulla
[sostantivo]

the inner part of the kidney that produces urine and regulates water and electrolyte balance

midollare renale, sostanza midollare del rene

midollare renale, sostanza midollare del rene

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pepsin
[sostantivo]

an enzyme produced in the stomach that helps in the digestion of proteins by breaking them down into smaller peptides

pepsina, enzima peptica

pepsina, enzima peptica

Ex: Excessive production of pepsin can contribute to conditions such as gastritis and peptic ulcers .Una produzione eccessiva di **pepsina** può contribuire a condizioni come la gastrite e le ulcere peptiche.
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villus
[sostantivo]

a microscopic, finger-like structure found in the lining of the small intestine, responsible for enhancing the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream

villo, villus

villo, villus

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saliva
[sostantivo]

the liquid produced in the mouth to make chewing and swallowing easier and to prepare food for digestion

saliva

saliva

Ex: The forensic scientist collected saliva samples from the crime scene to extract DNA evidence .Lo scienziato forense ha raccolto campioni di **saliva** dalla scena del crimine per estrarre prove di DNA.
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