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Kropp - Matsmältningssystemet

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord relaterade till matsmältningssystemet, såsom "tarm", "rektum" och "kolon".

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Words Related to Body
throat
[Substantiv]

a passage in the neck through which food and air pass

hals, svalg

hals, svalg

Ex: The doctor examined his throat to check for any signs of infection .Läkaren undersökte hans **hals** för att leta efter tecken på infektion.
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pharynx
[Substantiv]

(anatomy) the passage in the throat that connects the mouth to the gullet

svalg, hals

svalg, hals

Ex: Doctors use a lighted instrument to examine the pharynx during a throat examination .Läkare använder ett upplyst instrument för att undersöka **svalget** under en halsundersökning.
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bile
[Substantiv]

a greenish-brown alkaline fluid that is produced by the liver in order to help the body digest fats

galla, gallvätska

galla, gallvätska

Ex: After a fatty meal , the gallbladder contracts , releasing bile into the duodenum to facilitate the digestion and absorption of dietary fats .Efter en fet måltid drar sig gallblåsan samman och släpper ut **gall** i tolvfingertarmen för att underlätta matsmältningen och upptaget av kostfetter.
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appendix
[Substantiv]

a sack of tissue that is attached to the large intestine and is surgically removed if infected

blindtarm, appendix

blindtarm, appendix

Ex: Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix and requires surgical removal .**Blindtarmsinflammation** är inflammation av **blindtarmen** och kräver kirurgisk borttagning.
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small intestine
[Substantiv]

a long, tubular organ in the digestive system responsible for nutrient absorption from food

tunntarm, liten tarm

tunntarm, liten tarm

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intestine
[Substantiv]

a long, continuous tube in the body through which the food coming from the stomach moves and is passed

tarm

tarm

Ex: The intestines play a vital role in breaking down food and absorbing nutrients .**Tarmen** spelar en avgörande roll i nedbrytningen av mat och upptaget av näringsämnen.
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esophagus
[Substantiv]

a muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach, allowing for the passage of food and liquids during digestion

matstrupe, matkanal

matstrupe, matkanal

Ex: A blockage or narrowing of the esophagus, called esophageal stricture , can make it difficult or painful to swallow food or liquids .En blockering eller förträngning av **matstrupen**, kallad esofagusstrictur, kan göra det svårt eller smärtsamt att svälja mat eller vätskor.
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stomach
[Substantiv]

the body part inside our body where the food that we eat goes

mage, buk

mage, buk

Ex: She felt a wave of nausea in her stomach during the car ride .Hon kände en våg av illamående i sin **mage** under bilresan.
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liver
[Substantiv]

a vital organ in the body that cleans the blood of harmful substances

lever, hepatisk

lever, hepatisk

Ex: Elevated levels of liver enzymes in blood tests may indicate liver damage or dysfunction , prompting further investigation by healthcare providers .Förhöjda nivåer av **lever**enzymer i blodprov kan indikera leverskada eller dysfunktion, vilket leder till ytterligare utredning av hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal.
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bile duct
[Substantiv]

the tube that carries bile from the liver or the gall bladder to the first segment of the small intestine, also known as duodenum

gallgång, gallväg

gallgång, gallväg

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canal
[Substantiv]

a tubular passage in the body through which air, liquid or food can pass

kanal, passage

kanal, passage

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colon
[Substantiv]

(anatomy) the main part of the large intestine, between the caecum to the rectum, where water is removed from solid waste

tjocktarm, kolon

tjocktarm, kolon

Ex: A colonoscopy is a procedure used to examine the colon for abnormalities , such as polyps or tumors , and to screen for colorectal cancer .En **koloskopi** är en procedur som används för att undersöka **tjocktarmen** efter avvikelser, såsom polyper eller tumörer, och för att screena för kolorektal cancer.
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gullet
[Substantiv]

the duct through which food is passed from the throat to the stomach

svalg, matstrupe

svalg, matstrupe

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gut
[Substantiv]

the lower part of digestive tract responsible for food absorption

tarm, mage

tarm, mage

Ex: The nutritionist emphasized the importance of fiber in maintaining a healthy gut and regular bowel movements .Nutritionisten betonade vikten av fibrer för att upprätthålla en hälsosam **tarm** och regelbundna tarmrörelser.
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gallbladder
[Substantiv]

a small, pear-shaped organ located beneath the liver in which the body stores a strong digestive fluid produced by the liver

gallblåsa, vesica biliaris

gallblåsa, vesica biliaris

Ex: The absence of a gallbladder does n't typically impair digestion significantly , as bile can still flow from the liver directly into the small intestine , albeit in a less concentrated manner .Avsaknaden av **gallblåsan** försämrar vanligtvis inte matsmältningen avsevärt, eftersom galla fortfarande kan flöda från levern direkt till tunntarmen, om än på ett mindre koncentrerat sätt.
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pancreas
[Substantiv]

a large gland in the body that produces insulin and glucagon and substances that help the body digest food

bukspottkörtel, pankreas

bukspottkörtel, pankreas

Ex: The islets of Langerhans within the pancreas contain beta cells that produce insulin , essential for glucose metabolism and energy production in the body .Langerhans öar i **bukspottkörteln** innehåller betaceller som producerar insulin, vilket är viktigt för glukosomsättningen och energiproduktionen i kroppen.
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rectum
[Substantiv]

the final part of the large intestine where waste is collected before being passed through the anus

rektum, den sista delen av tjocktarmen

rektum, den sista delen av tjocktarmen

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duodenum
[Substantiv]

the initial segment of the small intestine that receives partially digested food from the stomach for further digestion

tolvfingertarm

tolvfingertarm

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ascending colon
[Substantiv]

the segment of the colon that travels vertically along the right side of the abdominal cavity

ascendens colon, stigande tjocktarm

ascendens colon, stigande tjocktarm

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descending colon
[Substantiv]

the segment of the large intestine that travels downward on the left side of the abdomen

nedåtgående tjocktarm, vänster nedåtgående tjocktarm

nedåtgående tjocktarm, vänster nedåtgående tjocktarm

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transverse colon
[Substantiv]

the section of the large intestine that extends horizontally across the abdomen, connecting the ascending and descending colons

tvärgående tjocktarm, transversum colon

tvärgående tjocktarm, transversum colon

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cecum
[Substantiv]

the first part of the large intestine, located in the lower right abdomen

blindtarm

blindtarm

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sigmoid colon
[Substantiv]

the curved segment of the large intestine that links the descending colon to the rectum, forming an "S" shape in the human body

sigmoidkolon, sigmoid

sigmoidkolon, sigmoid

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jejunum
[Substantiv]

the middle section of the small intestine, located between the duodenum and the ileum

jejunum, mittendelen av tunntarmen

jejunum, mittendelen av tunntarmen

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hepatic flexure
[Substantiv]

a sharp bend in the colon located in the upper-right quadrant of the abdomen where the ascending colon meets the transverse colon

hepatisk flexur, leverböjning

hepatisk flexur, leverböjning

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splenic flexure
[Substantiv]

a sharp bend in the colon located in the upper-left quadrant of the abdomen where the transverse colon meets the descending colon

mjälteböjning, vänstra kolonböjningen

mjälteböjning, vänstra kolonböjningen

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ileum
[Substantiv]

the final segment of the small intestine that connects to the large intestine in the human body

ileum

ileum

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pancreatic duct
[Substantiv]

a duct that carries digestive enzymes from the pancreas to the small intestine for the breakdown and absorption of food

pankreasgång, bukspottkörtelgång

pankreasgång, bukspottkörtelgång

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common bile duct
[Substantiv]

a duct that transports bile from the liver and gallbladder to the small intestine for digestion and absorption of fats

gemensamma gången, huvudgallgången

gemensamma gången, huvudgallgången

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anus
[Substantiv]

a hole at the end of an animal or human's body from which the faeces leaves the body

anus, röv

anus, röv

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anal canal
[Substantiv]

the terminal portion of the large intestine that extends from the rectum to the anus and is responsible for the passage of fecal matter during defecation

anal kanal, anuskanalen

anal kanal, anuskanalen

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alimentary canal
[Substantiv]

the tube-like structure in the human body through which food passes, extending from the mouth to the anus

matspjälkningskanalen, näringskanalen

matspjälkningskanalen, näringskanalen

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bladder
[Substantiv]

a sac-like organ inside the body where urine is stored before being passed

blåsa, urinblåsa

blåsa, urinblåsa

Ex: The ultrasound showed that the bladder was functioning normally .Ultrasound visade att **blåsan** fungerade normalt.
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kidney
[Substantiv]

each of the two bean-shaped organs in the lower back of the body that separate wastes from the blood and make urine

njure, njurar

njure, njurar

Ex: Drinking plenty of water and adopting a balanced diet low in sodium and processed foods can help promote kidney health and prevent disease .Att dricka mycket vatten och anamma en balanserad diet med lågt natrium och bearbetade livsmedel kan hjälpa till att främja **njur**hälsa och förhindra sjukdom.
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urethra
[Substantiv]

(anatomy) the tube in most mammals that carries urine out of the body, which also carries sperm in males

urinrör, uretra

urinrör, uretra

Ex: The urethra is surrounded by muscles known as the urethral sphincters , which help control the flow of urine and semen .**Uretran** är omgiven av muskler som kallas uretrala sfinktrar, som hjälper till att kontrollera flödet av urin och sperma.
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ureter
[Substantiv]

a narrow tube that transports urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder in the human body

ureter, urinväg

ureter, urinväg

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renal pelvis
[Substantiv]

the central collecting region of the kidney where urine from the renal calyces is gathered before it travels to the ureter

njurbäcken, renalt bäcken

njurbäcken, renalt bäcken

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renal cortex
[Substantiv]

the outermost layer of the kidney that houses the functional units responsible for urine production and filtration

njurbark, njurens yttre lager

njurbark, njurens yttre lager

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renal medulla
[Substantiv]

the inner part of the kidney that produces urine and regulates water and electrolyte balance

njurmärg, njurens märg

njurmärg, njurens märg

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pepsin
[Substantiv]

an enzyme produced in the stomach that helps in the digestion of proteins by breaking them down into smaller peptides

pepsin, proteinsönderdelande enzym

pepsin, proteinsönderdelande enzym

Ex: Excessive production of pepsin can contribute to conditions such as gastritis and peptic ulcers .Överdriven produktion av **pepsin** kan bidra till tillstånd som gastrit och peptiska sår.
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villus
[Substantiv]

a microscopic, finger-like structure found in the lining of the small intestine, responsible for enhancing the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream

villus, tarmvårt

villus, tarmvårt

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saliva
[Substantiv]

the liquid produced in the mouth to make chewing and swallowing easier and to prepare food for digestion

saliv

saliv

Ex: The forensic scientist collected saliva samples from the crime scene to extract DNA evidence .Den forensiska vetenskapsmannen samlade **saliv**prover från brottsplatsen för att extrahera DNA-bevis.
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