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Essential Vocabulary for TOEFL - Agriculture and Plants

Here you will learn some English words about agriculture and plants, such as "yield", "hay", "reap", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
agricultural
agricultural
[Adjective]

related to the practice or science of farming

Ex: Sustainable agricultural methods aim to minimize environmental impact while maximizing productivity .
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peasant
peasant
[noun]

a farmer who owns or rents a small piece of land, particularly in the past or in poorer countries

Ex: In many poorer countries , peasants continue to use traditional farming methods handed down from their ancestors .
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to cultivate

to grow plants or crops, especially for farming or commercial purposes

Ex: Farmers cultivate crops like corn and soybeans in the Midwest .
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to yield
to yield
[Verb]

(of a farm or an industry) to grow or produce a crop or product

Ex: This vineyard yields high-quality grapes that are used to produce exceptional wines .
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harvest
harvest
[noun]

the amount of produce gathered from crops during one growing season

Ex: The corn harvest was affected by unseasonal rains .
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growing season

a time of the year during which the plants have good condition to grow

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plantation

a large piece of land used for growing sugar cane, coffee, tea, etc., particularly in a hot country

Ex: A variety of crops can be cultivated on a single plantation.
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to raise
to raise
[Verb]

to grow or reproduce animals or plants

Ex: They raised pigs and kept a pony .
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to produce

to raise or grow something naturally, in large numbers

Ex: Under stress , the body produces adrenalin .
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to plow
to plow
[Verb]

to use a large farming equipment to dig the ground and make it ready for farming

Ex: The farmers plow the field in straight rows to optimize planting efficiency .
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to reap
to reap
[Verb]

to cut or gather a crop

Ex: He reaps hay from the meadow to feed the livestock during the winter .
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cereal
cereal
[noun]

any food product made from the starchy grains of cereal grasses

Ex: Breakfast cereals are a convenient form of cereal.
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crop
crop
[noun]

all the fruit, wheat, etc. harvested during a season

Ex: The rice crop is usually ready for harvest in late autumn .
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wheat
wheat
[noun]

the common grain that is used in making flour, taken from a cereal grass which is green and tall

Ex: He avoided products containing wheat due to his gluten sensitivity .
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soy
soy
[noun]

a leguminous plant rich in protein, used for food, fodder, and protein replacement

Ex: Soy can replace animal protein in many recipes.
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sugar cane

a type of tall tropical plant that sugar can be extracted from its stems

Ex: Many products , such as molasses and ethanol , can be made from sugar cane.
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barley
barley
[noun]

a single seed or grain of the cereal plant barley

Ex: The soup included a handful of barley for texture .
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hay
hay
[noun]

cut and dried grass, for animals to feed on

Ex: The farmer sold bundles of hay at the local market to other livestock owners .
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vineyard
vineyard
[noun]

a piece of land on which grapes are grown to make wine

Ex: They planted a small vineyard on their property as a hobby .
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mill
mill
[noun]

a building in which flour is made out of grain

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ripe
ripe
[Adjective]

(of fruit or crop) fully developed and ready for consumption

Ex: The tomatoes were perfectly ripe, with a vibrant red color and firm texture .
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pest
pest
[noun]

an insect or small animal that destroys or damages crops, food, etc.

Ex: Farmers use natural predators to reduce the number of pests.
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pesticide
pesticide
[noun]

a type of chemical substance that is used for killing insects or small animals that damage food or crops

Ex: Excessive use of pesticides can harm beneficial insects and the environment .
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livestock
livestock
[noun]

animals that are kept on a farm, such as cows, pigs, or sheep

Ex: The livestock provided the family with food and income for many years .
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dairy
dairy
[noun]

milk and milk products that are produced by mammals such as cows, goats, and sheep collectively

Ex: Calcium from dairy helps keep bones strong .
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to fertilize

to increase productivity of the soil by spreading suitable substances on it

Ex: Do n't forget to fertilize potted plants regularly to support their growth and vitality .
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fertilizer

a chemical or natural material that is added to the soil to improve its productivity and help plants grow

Ex: Too much fertilizer can harm plants , so it is important to follow the instructions .
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barn
barn
[noun]

a large farm building used to keep animals and store crops or feed

Ex: The old barn was renovated to protect the harvest and equipment .
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stable
stable
[noun]

a building, typically found on a farm, designed to house horses

Ex: During the storm, the horses sought refuge in the stable, finding comfort and safety in their familiar surroundings.
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greenhouse

a glass structure used for growing plants in and protecting them from cold weather

Ex: The school ’s greenhouse is used to teach students about botany .
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to bloom
to bloom
[Verb]

(of a plant) to produce flowers and display them in full color

Ex: With the right conditions , the hibiscus plant will bloom year-round .
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bud
bud
[noun]

a part of a plant from which new flowers, leaves, or stems develop

Ex: The plant ’s new buds emerged quickly after being transplanted into a larger pot with fresh soil .
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bush
bush
[noun]

a type of plant small in size with several stems in the ground

Ex: The children hid behind the bush during their game of hide and seek , enjoying the game ’s excitement .
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weed
weed
[noun]

any wild and unwanted plant that may harm the process of growth in a farm or garden

Ex: Weeds had started to grow in the cracks of the driveway, giving the area an unkempt appearance.
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root
root
[noun]

the underground part of a plant that absorbs water and minerals, sending it to other parts

Ex: The herbalist used the root of the herb in the remedy , valuing its medicinal properties .
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palm
palm
[noun]

a tropical tree with a big trunk and feather-like or fan-shaped leaves

Ex: The resort was dotted with towering palms, creating a serene and picturesque environment .
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oak
oak
[noun]

a large tree, known for its strong wood and popular fruit

Ex: The oak tree provided shade and shelter for the animals in the woodland ecosystem.
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